2002年广东专插本英语考试

1、vs enjesoytigaantdiosnelaf-ndderaeliansgons enjoy andself-dealinge dunhealt hy tenden2002年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试英语试题Part I Reading Comprehension(40%)Passage oneIn Labrador, a country so cold that meat is preserved by freezing it outdoors, ClarenceBirdseye came to notice that meat which was frozen on the c

2、oldest days had a better flavor than meat frozen at other times. Being curious, he studied preserved meats under the microscope and found that if meat were frozen quickly on a very cold day, ice crystals did not have time to form long needles and the meat cells were not damaged.Birdseye believed tha

3、t if he could freeze other foods very rapidly, the same thing might happen. But, since there are not many days when the temperature drops 40 or 45 degrees below zero-even in Labrador-some way had to be found to freeze things rapidly without depending on the weather. Remembering that salty water can

4、get very cold without freezing, Birdseye placed some cabbages in salt water and then exposed them to freezing winds. The cabbages froze quickly.Later, Birdseye invented a machine to freeze food while they were very fresh. Today, stores sell a great variety of frozen foods, and some foods that were o

5、nce available only in certain districts or in season are now readily available in most communities ( 社区 ) in any season.1 .To freeze foods quickly, Birdseye experimented with .A.a microscopeB.meat in salt waterC.meat in freezing windsD.cabbages2 .Cell damage is caused by .A.salty waterB.extremely lo

6、w temperaturesC.outdoor freezing methodsD.needle-shaped ice crystals3 .Birdseye s principal discovery regarding food preservation was tha_t.A.rapid freezing would reduce cell damageB.foods could be frozen and preserved for later useC.salty water can get very cold without freezingD.meat must be froze

7、n at 45 degrees below zero4 .Later, Birdseye invented .A.a refrigeratorB.a machinethat would freeze foods quicklyC.a machine that would freeze foods slowlyD.the icebox5 .Much of the popularity o f today s frozen foods is due teo ftahct that .A.foods may be widely distributedB.disease can be eliminat

8、edC.every American home has a deep-freezeD.such foods are now considered luxuriesvs enejsotyigaantdiosnelafn-dderaeliansgons, in reofmeans;tche enjoy andself-dealingofmeans;the dunhealt hy tendencies.S omepePassage TwoAstronomers in California have spent the past decade designing a revolutionary, 10

9、-metertelescope with four times theseeing powerof any functional scope on earth. All they neededwas the money to make the project a reality, and last week they got it- a $70 million grant to the California Institute of Technology and the University of California from the W. M. Keck Foundation of Los

10、 Angeles, established by the late founder of the Superior Oil Co. The Keck Observatory, which should be completed by 1993, will be set up on Hawaii Msanna Kea. Its telescope will have a mirror twice the size of the one in the Hale Telescope on Mount Palomar, Calif., now the largest in the United Sta

11、tes. （The Soviet Union has a six-meter instrument but American experts maintain it has never worked properly.）And, says Howard B. Keck, chairman of the foundation, “ I m told it will permit one to see the light of a single candle from the distance of the moon. ” Designed at U. C. Berkely to compleme

12、nt the space telescope to be launched nexet ayr from the space shuttle, the Keck telescope will let astronomers see objects 12 billion light years away. They will be able to investigate the nature of quasars （ 类星体 ） and explore how galaxies and stars evolved. Marvin L. Goldberger, president of Calte

13、ch, says it should help “ provide answers to the most challenging and basic questions of the universe.”6 .Astronomers in California have been working on a 10-meter telescope for about .A.12 yearsB.10 yearsC.20 yearsD. half a year7 .The design hasn t become a reality as yet owing to.A.financial probl

14、emsB.technologicaldifficultiesC.wide-spread disapprovalD.uncertain reliability8 .Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage? .A.W.M. Keck promises $70 million to the project.B.W.M. Keck. is now presiding over the Keck Foundation.C.W.M. Keck established a fund, which now prom

15、ises the grant. D.W.M. Keck is now the owner of the Superior Oil Co.1.1 n the sentence ' American experts maintain it has never worked properly 'the word “ maintain ” me_a_n_s_ .A.remainB.retainC.proposeD.insist10 .The 10-meter telescope was designed .A.to see the light of a single candle fr

16、om the moonB.to be fitted into the new space shuttle C.to investigate farther into the universe D.to see objects 12 billion miles away Passage ThreeIn order to learn to be one tsrue self, it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; critically

17、 to inquire into it; carefully to ponder（ 深思 ） over it; clearly to sift it; and earnestly to carry it out.related de partment s,since 2004,the corre ct inve stigationin ourCountyserves nearly30cars for privatepur poses, onlythe first halfofthis year,carsforprivatepurposes orpositi on-relate d consum

18、ption ofcivil servants has been swe ptbyfinance, consumer, reg ardle ssof cost,extravaga ncea nd wastein thecivilservi ce positi on-relate d consumption,a buse,corrupti on andem bezzl ement,corruption is important.Then, underthe conditi onsofmarket economy, howt o reform theexisti ngcivil duty consu

19、mption management,expl oresa sour ce to preventa nd cur bthe post consumpti on corruptionway,is curre ntly amajor issuefacedby honestw ork.Recently,Iconducted research onthis issue,this probl em on somehumble opi nions. First,t heexisting publi c servant s 'duty consum ptiont he main pr obl ems

20、see n fromthe inv estigation andreasons, in recent year s, publi cservant s'duty consum ption caused bythea busesan d nota person of integrity,is one of themajor problemsi n the partyinGovernme nt,itsoperationor der havea negativeeff ct on theparty andGovernmentorgans,seri ously damagingt he ima

21、ge oftheparty andthe Gov ernment,underminingt he relationship betwee n partyand themasses,effect,openi ng upa nde conomi cconstruction.From ICounty in recentyear s ofgover nance situation see, positions consumptionin t he pr oduce d of"twonot" phe nome non rendering foura features:ais posi

22、tionsconsum ption syst em lost ha sdue ofbinding ,right isgreaterthanrul es,and rightis gre aterthan met hod ofphenomenon morehighlig ht;II isi n positions consumption i n the CameraObscura operation, usingterms,willpositionsconsum ptioninto haspersonalconsumption, willcorpor ate poi ntsto i nto per

23、sonal poi ntsto,makes positi ons consumption insome aspectshas i nto positi ons enjoy andself-dealingofmeans;threeis t opositions consumpti on for name, fraud,falseimpersonator,Tre nd ofnegative corruption phenome na such ascorruptiona nd misappropri ation;four palaces,foll owthe fashion,rivalr ies,

24、wasteful ,and postconsumptionbe came a symbolofshowi ng offtheir individualcapacities.Caused by publicservants' duty consumptionofmany"two" phenomenon inwhi ch peoplereflect t hebigge stproblems are : (a) theofficialcarpr obl ems.Mai nlyin thre easpects:one isthe larg er buses costex p

25、enditure.Accordi ng to stati stics, until Novem ber2003, XXCountytownship Departme ntbus 159 cars, which de partment owns t he bus 145vehi cles,andshowed a nincreasi ng trend. Fina ncialex penses cost perbus perye arto35,000yua n, andinfact ev eryco stupt o 50,000yua n.Some unitsal sohiring temporar

26、ydriversand ex penditure onwag es andsubsi dies.Ne cessary to "keep a car", butal so "dependa nts", leadi ngtolargerexpenses.Second,g ong che siyong bree dunhealt hy tendencies.S omepe ople believet hatnow some busdrivers use one-thir d,one-t hird lea ding privateone-t hird usedf

27、orofficialpurpose s.Somepubli cserva nts,e speciallylea ding officials motori ng,car s for private purpose s,violati ng theself-di sci plinereg ulations,a nd ev en lea dtotrafficaccide nts.Accordi ngtostatisti csfromIt matters not what you learn, but when you once learn a thing, you must never give

28、it upuntil you have mastered it. It matters not what you inquire into, but when you inquire into a thing, you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it. It matters not what you try to think out, but when you once try to think out a thing, you must never give it up until you have

29、got what you want. It matters not what you try to sift out, but when you once try to sift out a thing, you must never give it up until you have sifted it out clearly and distinctly. It matters not what you try to carry out, but when you once try to carry out a thing, you must never give it up until

30、you have done it thoroughly and well.If another man succeeds by one effort, you will use a hundred efforts. If another mansucceeds by ten efforts, you will use a thousand efforts.11 .According to the author, the ultimate purpose of study is to learn toB.be a specialistD.become wealthyB.knowledge is

31、unnecessaryD.it doesn t matter what we learnB.inquiryD.analysis s program a person would have to b_e_,_m_os_t.of allB.very wealthyD.both A and BA.be one s true selfC.succeed in a profession12 .According to the author, .A.learning is unimportantC.thinking is of the least importance13 .Tht end of lear

32、ning should be A.thoughtC.mastery14 .To successfully carry out the authorA.extremely intelligentC.very persistent15.Implied but not stated:A.It is necessary to obtain a wide knowledge of what has been said and done in the world.B.The way to knowledge is through specialization.C.Success depends not s

33、o much on natural ability as it does on effort.D.Success in one s profession is least important in one s life.Passage FourAn “ early bird ” used to be a person who was awake early and began his (or her) daybefore other people. The people who said it were thinking of an old saying:“ It is the early b

34、ithat catches the worm. ” But since 1965 the Early Bird has had a different meaning. The modern Early Bird is a communications satellite in orbit round the earth.The use of wires to carry telephone communications and for other purposes of the same kind does not satisfy modern needs. We had to use ra

35、dio. But the radio waves that we use for these purposes microwaves travel in straight lines. They do not follow the curve of the earthWe can send them from one radio station to another a relay station ( 转播站 ) where we amplify ( 放大 ) them and send them on to a third station. If there is no relay stat

36、ion within about 50 kilometers to receive the microwaves, they will continue into space. At a certain height, some of them are sent back to earth. A powerful station several hundred kilometers from theireaders driving avehicle a cci de nt causedntalpri ority ofthereform,it isolve d in thereform proc

37、ess.Clearlyonaver ages thre e years before asabase a ndfine -tuned on t hebasis ofthis single practicesmustbeimproved.Imd.Improv ementstoadheretothree principles:first,undertheexisti ngpolicy provisi onsapprov ed for publi c servant s 'duty consumption standards,calibration,is notcontrary topoli

38、cy.Second,accordingtot helocalfinancialsituation and peopl e'ssustaina bility, publicservas'dutyconsumption standar dsapprove d,bothfinancia l reach,and pe ople passingthr ough.Thir d, accor ding t othe operati onal needs of civilservantsresponsi ble for a uthori zed publicservants ' dut

39、y consumption sta ndards, botIn reformof method Shang,approved civilservants positions consumptionsta ndar dto"big unified, and small disperse d" suita ble, that most positionsconsumptin proje ctshould accor ding t opol icyprovide s pr oposed unifiedsta ndar d,considert oranks, andunits an

40、dthe w orktask ofdifferencessex, unified ofsta ndar dshoul dhas elastic ofand dynami cof,makesregions,and unit sin implementationunified standarar dShiha s mustofflexibledisposalright;but sion elasticityofconsumption to limit consumption,turni ng mess i nto kitchenaterdinner,followthe civilservantwi

41、t ha howtouse personaltitlesubsi dies, orhow to managea personaldutyconsumpti on use ofsubsidies. Therefore,w e mustestablish and perfectwith publi cserva nts'dutyconsummonetizati on reform support of theseries ofgoverna ncesystemssuchas theconsumpti ont here arebig draw back s.NPC deputi es and

42、CPPCC members axaminationbr oad massesareof responsibility,sy stem, low fault iconcer ned about.Secondly, thenvestigati on sy stem,the re port sai d.WhileDisciplinei nspecti on and supervisionorgans,fina ncial , auditing de partmentsshoul dstre ngthe nsupervisionand i nspecti on ofpubli cserva nts &

43、#39;dutyconsumptionmonetizationreform pr- .-一- IL. - -一I . .1 I II I . Ill -ogress,t ostrengt hent he reform ofpubli c servants 'duty consumptionmoneti zation system,measures tn of inspection, not consumptionreform ofpolitics, thee.-conomy andthe deep-L - .II 一cserva nts 'dutyconsumptionasso

44、mewherebetwsodemonstrated its importanceand urcivilserva nts especi ally partyand Government leader s andpublicservant s 'othermeasures to keepup.-I - > - -r_.L . - . II .一一 .一. I .-LJ 一 . 一umptini ngofthe reform, publi- - IL. 一 _ 一een areform al_I _L . _ .一gency.Firstofall, - I . .related de

45、 partment s,since 2004,the corre ct inve stigationin ourCountyserves nearly30cars for privatepur poses, onlythe first halfofthis year,carsforprivatepurposes orpositi on-relate d consumption ofcivil servants has been swe ptbyfinance, consumer, reg ardle ssof cost,extravaga ncea ndwa stein thecivilser

46、vi ce positi on-relate d consumption,a buse,corrupti on andem bezzl ement,corruption is important.Then, underthe conditi ons ofmarketeconomy, howto reform the existi ngcivil duty consumption management,expl oresa sour ce to preventa nd cur bthe post consumpti on corruptionway,is curre ntly amajor is

47、suefacedby honestw ork.Recently,Iconducted research onthis issue,this probl em on somehumble opi nions. First,t heexisting publi c servant s 'duty consum ptiont he main pr obl ems see n fromthe inv estigation andreasons, in recent year s, publi cservant s'duty consum ption caused bythea buse

48、sand nota personof integrity,is one of themajor problemsi n the partyinGovernme nt,itsoperationor der havea negativeeffe ct on theparty andGovernmentorgans,seri ously damagingt he imag e ofthe party andt he Gov ernment,underminingt he relationship betwee n partyand themasses,effect,openi ng upa nde

49、conomi cconstruction.From ICounty in recentyear s ofgover nance situation see, positions consumptionin t he pr oduce d of"twonot" phe nome non rendering foura features:ais positionsconsum ption system lost ha sdue ofbinding ,rightis greaterthan rules,and rightis gre aterthan met hod ofphen

50、omenon morehighlig ht;II isin positions consumption i n the CameraObscura operation, usingterms,willpositionsconsum ptioninto haspersonalconsumption, willcorpor ate poi ntsto i nto personal poi ntsto,makes positi ons consumption insome aspectshas i nto positi ons enjoy andself-dealingofmeans;threeis

51、 t opositions consumpti on for name, fraud,falseimpersonator,Tre nd ofnegative corruption phenome na such ascorruptiona nd misappropri ation;four palaces,foll owthe fas hion,rivalr ies,wasteful ,and postconsumptionbecame asymbolofshowing offtheir individualcapacities.Caused by publicservants' du

52、ty consumptionofmany"two" phenomenon inwhi ch peoplereflect t hebigge stproblems are : (a) theofficialcarpr obl em s. Mai nlyin thre easpects:one isthe larg er buses costex penditure.Accordi ng to stati stics, until Novem ber2003, XXCountyownship Departme ntbus 159 cars, which de partment

53、owns t he bus 145vehi cles,andshowed a nincreasi ng trend. Fina ncialex penses cost perbus perye arto35,000yua n, andinfact ev erycost up t o 50,000yua n.Some unitsal sohiring temporarydriversand ex penditure onwag es andsubsi dies.Ne cessary to "keep a car", butal so "dependa nts&quo

54、t;, leadi ngtolargerexpenses.Second,g ong che siyong bree dunhealt hy tendencies.S omepe ople believet hatnow some busdrivers use one-thir d,one-t hird lea ding privateone-t hird usedforofficialpurpose s.Somepubli cserva nts,e speciallylea ding officials motori ng,car s for private purpose s,violati

55、 ng the self-di sci plinereg ulations,a nd ev en lea dtotrafficaccide nts.Accordi ngtostatisti csfromstarting-point can receive them. But these are not good ways of sending the thousands of telephone, radio and television signals across the oceans.Scientists were thinking about communications satell

56、ites. They wanted to produce satellites big enough to separate a large number of different signals, amplify them and then relay them powerfully. And they wanted to put each of these satellites into an orbit which would keep it over one point on the surface of the turning world. With four satellites

57、of this kind - two over the Atlantic, one over the Pacific, and one over the Indian Ocean - we could send radio, television, and telephone signals from any one place to any other place on the surface of the earth.Early Bir d was the first of these new communications satellites. It went into orbit in

58、 a position over the Atlantic Ocean on 2 May 1965.Just over two years later, the second and third satellites went into position over the Pacific Ocean. This made it possible for people in a large number of countries to see the same television pictures at the same time.On 25 June 1967, very large numbers of people in very many countries saw and heard the same television program “ live T” he. program was called “ OurWorld