高中英语时间状语从句讲解

1、高中英语时间状语从句讲解状语从句什么是状语：句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语，用来从地点、时间、原因、目 的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。e.g. He speaks English very well.（副词作状语）e.g. He is playing under the tree.（介词短语作状语）e.g. I come specially to see you .（不定式作状语）e.g. If I am not busy tomorrowwill play football with you.（从何作状语）e.g. Having had a quar

2、rel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper.分词作状语）状语从句：状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从属连词。 状语从句的位置可以在句首，也可以在旬末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号 与主句隔开；放在旬末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。If it ' s fine tomorrow, I will go with you.I will go with you if it' s fine tomorrow.状语从句分类：1、时间状语从句2、地点状语

3、从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、让步状语从句8、比较状语从句9、方式状语从句时间状语从句从属连词：when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as（一就）时态：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现一、When/while/as （当一时候）区别：主句动作与从句动作发生的时间（同时/之前/之后）；从句动词（延续性 /瞬时性）1) When:when引导时间状语从句时表示 当的时候"，when既可以指时间段也可指 时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词，且

4、动作既用和丰句的动 作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。e.g. I will call you when I get there.e.g. When I came home my wife was cooking dinner.e.g. I will go home when the rain stops.e.g. When I got to the airport, the guests had left.A)如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，而从句的谓语又 是be动词时，那么从句中的主语和 be可以

5、省略;e.g. When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help.B)当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以省略 从句的主语并用“ when分词”的形式替代该状语从句。e.g. When I came into the room (二When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep.2) Whilewhile引导时间状语从句时表示当的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行.用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者

6、强调主句的动作发牛在从句动作的进行过程 中，此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住，从句中始终是延续性 动词一旦丛句多用.进行时态2一 (while还可以表示对比，译成“然而”,放在句 首可以表示“虽然”)e.g. I met her while I was at school.e.g. While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived.e.g. We were doing our homework while it was raining outside.e.g. Study while you study; play while you play.3) As

7、as引导时间状语从句时表示 “当时”(只引导瞬间性动词，两个动作是 紧密联系的，一前一后进行)，“一边一边”，侧重表示两个动作同 时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作)，“随着”，一种动作随着另一种 动作的变化而变化从句中只能接延续动词。e.g. He jumps as he goes along.e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased.When, while , as 辨析】三者均可以表示 当时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句表 示的是延续性动作(主短从延)，三者可以通用。I met Mr Li as / when / while I wa

8、s walking along the street.(1) While意为 在期间”，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。The plane had left when we got to the airport.(2)表示带有规律性的 每当”，或者主从句动作有先后时，都只能用 when.When winter comes, it becomes cold.(3)表示 随着”时间的推移，主从句的内容是两种变化的情况，只能用 as.As the day went on, the weather got worse.(4)强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，只能用 while.【巩固练习】1) I h

9、ad just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel I heard the steps.A. while B. whenC. since D. after2) He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. where C. when D. while3) We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm started.A. whe

10、n B. while C. untilD. before4) I'm going to the post office.you ' re there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. While C. Because D. If5) I along the street looking for a place to park when the accidentA. went; was occurringB. went; occurredC. was going; occurredD. was going; had occurred答案BCA

11、BC、Before/afterbefore引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从何动作之前，常翻译为在”之前”，“才”或“就”。e.g. See me before you leave.e.g. Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.after引导时间状语从何时表示主句的动作发生在从何动作之后e.g. I saw them after I arrived.e.g. I found his pen after he has left.【巩固练习】He was told that it

12、would be at least three more months he could recover andreturn to work.A. when B. before C. since D. thatIt was some time we realized the truth.A. when B. until C. since D. before三、Till/until/not until1、肯定句：till和until这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可 以换用（放在句首时通常用until的形式，till在口语中更为常见）。主句的谓语 动词必须是持续性的，表示 到为止”，

13、 直到才（开始）”。e.g. Walk till you come to a white house.e.g. We didn ' t discuss the problem until he came back.2、否定句：Notuntil,主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的，表示 直到才”，若主句谓语动词为延续性动词，根据上下文可表示“没有到”He didn ' t wait until/ till I returned1没有等到我回来。not until的三种用法：1）用在句中的基本用法e.g. He did not appear until the concert ended.

14、2）与that搭配的强调结构e.g. It was not until the concert ended that he appeared.3）用于句首的倒装结构主句倒装e.g. Not until the concert ended did he appeared.【巩固练习】1） It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we' ve actually hadA. until B. after C. since D. when2） A good storyteller must be able to hold his lis

15、teners' curiosity he reend of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until3） I don ' t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out四、SinceSince引导的时间状语从句表示 自从以来”，需注意以下两1）引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是从过去的某一时间点以来”的概

16、念，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。e.g. I have never seen him again since he left here.e.g. They have been friends ever since they were in school.2）若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。通搭配为it was+时间段+since过去完成时或it is+时间段+since过去时e.g. It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.e.g. It was three y

17、ears since we had been there.3）延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不抽烟三年了。It is three years since I left there.我离开那里已经三年了。【巩固练习】1) They friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned2) What was the party like? Wonderful. It ' s been 2 years I enjoyed myself so much.A. afterB. beforeC. when D. since五、 “一就” as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute, the instant, no sooner than, hardly/ scarcelywhen和 once1