人教 模块六 Unit3 A healthy life语言知识学案

1、Unit 3 A healthy life一 单词考点Section A Warming-up,Reading&Comprehending1.abuse的用法滥用；妄用；辱骂；咒骂eg:Its typical abuse of his position and power.滥用，妄用；虐待；辱骂eg:Stop abusing the child.2.stress的用法C,U压力；重压；紧张搭配： under stress在压力之下 under the stress of为所迫eg:He was under a lot of stress since his grades arent g

2、ood.U强调，重要性搭配： lay/put/place stress on sth.着重强调某事eg:He laid particular stress on the need for discipline.着重，强调eg:Mum stressed that he should be home by nine oclock.区别：stress,pressurestress可指物体承受的压力，也可指人在心理上、精神上承受的压力、负担或紧张。pressure指在科学上，单位面积上所受的压力，故常用于血压，大气压等。3.ban的用法（尤指法律上）禁止搭配： ban sb./sth.from doi

3、ng sth.禁止某人做某事eg:The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.只单禁止；禁令搭配： place/putunder a ban禁止 lift the ban on/against对开禁 declare a ban on宣布对禁止eg:We should declare a total ban on nuclear arms.区别：forbid,ban,prohibitban语气最强，指权威机关明文取消或禁止严重危害公众利益的事或行为，有“严厉谴责”之意。forbid一般用词，指直接地、面对面地吩咐不许他人采取行动。p

4、rohibit正式用语，指通过法律手段或指定规则加以禁止。4.due to由于，因为，归功于表示原因，可作定语、状语、表语；不放在句首。另外，表示原因的because of,owing to,thanks to既可以放在句首，也可位于句末；但because of,thanks to只可作状语，而owing to可作状语和表语。短语： be due to预期要做某事eg:The train is due to arrive at 12 oclock.区别：due to;owing to;because of;thanks todue to用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，一般不用于句首。在句

5、中多作表语，有时作状语。owing to可与due to换用，在句中多作状语，也可作表语。because of着重某种原因或理由，在句中通常作状语。thanks to突出一种感激之情，含“多亏”意味。eg:Owing to a traffic hold-up,I missed my flight. =I missed my flight because of a traffic hold-up. Thanks to your help,I succeeded. My success is due to your help.5.tough的用法难做的，费力的eg:Painting the cei

6、ling was a tough job for me.坚韧的，结实的eg: I want to buy a tough pair of shoes.严厉的，强硬的短语： be/get tough with sb.对某人采取强硬手段 be tough on sb.严格对待某人eg:Its time to get tough with drunk drivers.6.addicted有瘾的，上瘾的；对上瘾的，沉迷于的搭配： be addicted to对上瘾；沉溺于eg:To her fans shock,she became addicted to drug abuse.7.accustome

7、d的用法习惯的搭配： be/get/become accustomed to (doing)sth.习惯于（做）某事eg:Well be accustomed to the climate here.通常的，惯常的(前置定语)eg:He took his accustomed seat by the window.8.quit的用法停止；戒掉搭配： quit doing sth.停止做某事eg:You must quit smoking.离开；离任；离校；离职eg:She got her present job when she quit. If I dont get more money,I

8、d quit.区别：quit,stop,pausequit指离开某人某地；退出某个团体；彻底停止工作、职位等。stop指停止任何活动或行动，含突然、断然的意味。pause指暂时、中途停止，然后还会继续进行。9. effect的用法( affect vt.“影响，感动”)C,U效应；结果，后果；影响，作用搭配： have/produce an effect on/upon对有影响/作用/效果eg:This had an effect on the future of the child.vt.使(某事物)发生；产生，引起eg:They effected great changes in the

9、company.短语： come/go into effect开始生效，开始实施 take effect开始实施；生效 put/bring/carryinto effect实行，实施 in effect事实上，实际上 with effect有效地10.neither引导的倒装句neither，nor，no more位于句首时,主句需用半倒装结构。此时，需借助于be动词、助动词或情态动词。eg:-I didnt agree with her. -Neither did Mary.另：so“也”，也可用于倒装结构。结构So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 “也一样，也如此”表示以上情况也符合另一方。

10、 So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词 “的确如此；确实这样”表示对以上情况的肯定。eg:-Tom is a doctor. - Tom is a doctor. -So is Mary. -So he is.注：当两个不同的句式也符合另外一方情况时，可用So it's with sb./sth.(=It's the same with sb./sth.)“也一样，也如此”10. take sb.off sth.解除(工作、职务等)；撤掉(器械等)take短语： take back收回，撤回(所说的话)；退回；(商店)同意(顾客)退货 take down写下，记下；拆除，拆卸，拆

11、掉 take in收容；收留；理解；领悟；欺骗 take off脱掉(衣服)；(飞机)起飞；取消，停演 take on雇佣；聘用；呈现 take out带(某人)出去；拔掉 take over接管；接任；接收 take up开始从事；继续；接下去11. strengthen的用法( strength n.单，U“体力，力气，力量”C“优势，优点，长处” )vt加强，增强eg:Difficulty strengthens the mind,as labor does the body.vi变强，变坚固eg:In the night，the wind strengthened.12. decide

12、 (on/upon)sth.对做出决定；选定搭配： decide to do sth.决定做某事 decide that从句(特殊虚拟语气，should可省略)13.every time“每次”，名词词组，可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。eg:Every time he came,he always brought me some cakes.另：起连词作用引导时间状语从句的名词短语：the+瞬时时间名词：the second,the minute,the instant等time类名词短语：the first/last time,each/every time,next time等the+其他

13、类时间名词：the week,the year,the month等注：此时名词短语后千万不能再加when等引导时间状语从句的连词；此外，此类名词短语引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时或过去时。14. feel like想做某事，想要某物；觉得好像是(+that从句)搭配： feel like+(doing) sth.eg:I dont feel like a cup of tea. It feels like rain. She feels like that she has never been to such a place.15. desperate的用法( desperately ad

14、v. “绝望地，不顾一切地，拼命地，极其” )绝望的，不顾一切的eg:She felt desperate when she lost all her money.非常需要，极想；渴望(作表语)搭配： be desperate for极度渴望 be desperate to do sth.极度渴望做某事eg:They are desperate for money.凶暴的；犯法的(作定语)eg:A desperate man can take desperate measures.16. disappointed的用法搭配： be disappointed at对某事感到失望 be disap

15、pointed with sb./sth.对某人/某事感到失望 be disappointed that从句 对感到失望 be disappointed to do sth. 失望地做某事17. ashamed感到羞耻的，惭愧的，难为情的搭配： be ashamed of oneself为自己感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth.做某事感到羞愧 be ashamed that对感到羞愧 be ashamed for为感到羞愧区别：ashamed;shamefulashamed作表语，表示(人)感到羞耻的、惭愧的，不作前置定语。shameful指事情或行为本身可耻的、丢脸的，可作定

16、语或表语。18. seem“似乎，好像”用法常见的结构为： It seems (to sb.)that.(=从主+seems to do sth.)(对某人来说)似乎 It seems (to sb.)as if/though.(对某人来说)似乎(注：从句可根据情况用陈述语气或真实语气)There seems to be.好像有seem (to be) +n./adj.似乎，好像seem to do sth.似乎做，好像做sem to be doing sth.好像正在做Section B Learning about Learning1. in spite of(+(doing)sth.)尽

17、管，不管eg:In spite of his youth,he experienced many unusual things.2.risk的用法短语： at risk处境危险；遭受危险 at the risk of冒的危险 risk doing sth.冒做某事的风险 risk ones life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事 take/run the risk of (doing)sth.冒险做某事 take/run a risk/risks冒险2. get into养成(某种习惯)；陷入，处于；进入；开始对感兴趣注：get into一般不用于被动语态。eg:Dont get i

18、nto the bad habit of smoking. We got into trouble last week. I dont know how the thief got into the house. Im really getting into the classical music.有关get的短语get back回来get through拨通(电话)；通过；完成，处理；度过(困难)get over克服(困难)get sth.across使某事被人理解get along/on with与相处；进展get down to开始认真做get away得以离开，脱身get away w

19、ith携潜逃，(做了坏事)逍遥法外3. out of breath“上气不接下气，喘不过气来”out of短语： out of work失业 out of fashion过时 out of order出故障 out of balance失去平衡 out of question毫无疑问 out of sight看不见 out of control失控 out of reach够不着 out of touch失去联系 out of place不适当，位置不当4. robberyC,U抢劫，盗窃，偷盗，失窃( rob vt./vi.抢劫，抢夺)区别：rob,stealrob指公然用暴力抢劫。常用结构

20、为：rob +sb./sp.+of+sth.steal指暗中窃取。常用结构为：steal+sth.from sb./sp.另外，steal还有“偷偷地走，溜进”的意思。Section C Using Language1.survival继续生存或存在，幸存；残存( survive vt./vi.继续生存，存在)eg:A lot of people are fighting for their survival.2.prejudice的用法偏见，成见；损害(常与against搭配)eg: Women dont face prejudice as usual in the workplace.使某

21、人抱有偏见，影响某人搭配： prejudice sb.against sb./sth.使某人对有偏见 prejudice sb.in favor of sb./sth.使某人偏爱eg:Her charm prejudiced the judges in favor of her.3.judgmentU(judgev.“判断；认为”的用法(认真思考后的)意见，看法，评价短语： in ones judgment在某人看来eg: In my judgment,he wasnt very good at his job.判决短语： pass judgment on做出判决eg:The court wi

22、ll pass judgment on Sunday morning. 另：judge短语 judge sb./sth. 对某人/某事做判断 judge that/wh-从句 判断，认为 judge it (to be)adj./n. 认为是 judge from/by. 根据来判断(作插入语)4. make sure“确保，设法保证”的用法 make sure(不及物动词)“核实，查明” make sure弄清楚，查明；确保，设法保证 make sure (that).确保(从句常用一般现在时表示一般将来时) make sure that.弄清楚sure短语：be sure of确信，有把握(主语是人)be sure to do一定，必然会(主语可以是人或物)for sure无疑，肯定eg:He is sure of his win.(主语的信念) He is sure to win.(说话人的意见)5. s