专题01 中华传统文化-中考英语时文阅读专项训练

中考英语热点时文阅读专题01中华传统文化姓名：_________班级：_________学号：_________（1）文章导读阅读理解A篇：七夕节：七夕今宵看碧霄，牵牛织女渡河桥。七夕节中国传统节日，国家级非物质文化遗产之一。千百年来，爱的赞歌跨越时空。那么，七夕节如何产生的呢？B篇：春节与圣诞节习俗背后的古老传说。C篇：犬子、楷模、令郎.....古人的称谓里大有学问。D篇：买“东西”、意见相“左”……方位词折射出的中华文化内涵。E篇：才高八斗、半斤八两......那些数字里面表达中华文化的一些内涵。完形填空Cloze1中国传统经典故事——抛砖引玉。Cloze2中国传统经典故事——程门立雪。阅读回答问题：国学故事——德才兼备。A、阅读理解Atnightwhentheskyisdottedwithstars,andpeoplecanseetheMilkyWayspanningfromthenorthtothesouth．Oneachbankofitisabrightstar,whichseeeachotherfromafar．TheyaretheCowherdandWeaverMaid,andaboutthemthereisabeautifullovestorypasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration．AndQixiFestivalcameintobeing,ItisChinesetraditionalfestivalwhichfallsontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth．Indeed,mostChineserememberbeingtoldthestoryofaromantictragedy(浪漫悲剧)whentheywerechildren.It’sthestoryofZhinv,ortheWeavingMaid,andherhusbandNiulangtheCowherd.NiulangandZhinvarebothgodsinChinesemythology．Niulangisresponsiblefortheheavenlycow．ZhinvistheyoungestdaughteroftheHeavenlyQueenMotherandtheJadeEmperor．Sheisgoodatweaving（编织）andherjobistocreateclouds.NiulangandZhinvfellinlovewitheachotheratfirstsight．ThiswasagainstthelawofHeaven!TheHeavenlyQueenMotherfeltangry．ShesentNiulangdowntotheearthtoherd（放牧）cows．Zhinv,meanwhile,wasmadetocreatecolourfulcloudsalldaylong．ShemissedNiulangandkeptcrying.Oneday,Zhinvandhersisterswereallowedtotakeabathontheearth．Whentheywerebathing．Niulanghappenedtowalkpast．Zhinvimmediatelyrecognizedhim．Thetwoweresoexcited!Theygotmarriedandlivedhappilyontheearth．Theyevenhadtwolovelychildren.Butgoodtimesrarelylast．AfterlearningaboutNiulangandZhinv'smarriage,theHeavenlyQueenMothersentsoldierstobringherdaughterback．Niulangfeltsad．WhatwouldlifebelikewithoutZhinv?Seeingthis,oneofhiscowstoldhim,"Ifyoukillmeandputonmyskin,youwillbeabletotraveltoHeaventoseeZhinv．Unwillingly,Niulangdidashewastold．Then,hesetouttofindhiswife.ThismadetheHeavenlyQueenMotherevenangrier．Shecreatedalargerivertoseparatethetwo．Unabletocrosstheriver,Niulangcriedalldayandallnight．ThedeeplovebetweenNiulangandZhinvmovedsomemagpies,（喜鹊）Thebirdsbuiltacolourfulbridgeacrosstheriver,allowingthetwotoreunite.Intheend,theHeavenlyQueenMotherwasalsomoved．SheallowedNiulangandthetwochildrentostayinHeaven．Thefamilyisnowabletoreuniteonceayear--ontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth.ThisishowQixicameintobeing．ThefestivalcanbetracedbacktotheHanDynasty(206BC-AD220).Traditionally,peoplewouldlookupattheskyandfindtwobrightstars,identifiedasNiulangandZhinv,shiningonoppositesidesoftheMilkyWay.Qixilaterbecamenotonlyaspecialdayforlovers,butalsoforgirls．Itisalsoknownasthe“BeggingforSkillsFestival”or“Daughters’Festival”.1．Accordingtothearticle,whydidtheHeavenlyQueenMothersendNiulangdowntotheearth.A．BecauseheandZhinvgotmarried.B．Becauseheperformedterriblyinhisjob.C．Becausehewasimpolitetoherdaughters.D．Becausehefellinlovewithheryoungestdaughter.2．Accordingtothearticle,whendidZhinvandNiulangmeetagainafterNiulanghadbeensentdowntotheearth?A．WhileZhinvwastakingawalkaloneontheearth.B．WhileNiulangwasgoingonholidayinHeaven.C．WhileZhinvwasbathingontheearthwithhersisters.D．WhiletheHeavenlyQueenMotherwassleepingdeeply.3．Accordingtothearticle,howwasNiulangabletotraveltoHeaven?A．Bycryingalldayandallnight.B．Bykillingoneofhiscowsandputtingonitsskin.C．Byaskingsomemagpiestobuildabridgeforhim.D．BybeggingtheHeavenlyQueenMotherforachance.4．Wecanlearnfromthearticlethat__________.A．ZhinvandNiulangnowmeeteveryyearonJuly7thB．ZhinvisnowabletoseeherchildrenonlyonceayearC．intheend,bothZhinvandNiulangweredrivenoutofHeavenD．theHeavenlyQueenMotherhasallowedZhinvtomanyNiulang5．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．ThelovestoryofZhinvandNiulang.B．HowQixiFestivalcameintobeing.C．HowChinesepeoplecelebrateQixiFestival．D．WhatChinesepeopledoonQixiFestivalB、阅读理解Whenyouthinkoffestivals,whichonecomestoyourmindfirst?FormanyChinesepeople,itmustbeSpringFestival,whileformostWesterners,itmightbeChristmas．Therearemanylegendsandcustomsaboutthesetwoimportantfestivals．Theymaylookdifferent,butbothcarrypeople’sbestwishes.AredandbusyholidayTheLunarNewYear,orSpringFestival,isatimeforallChinesefamiliestogettogether．Andforkids,itmaybethehappiesttimeoftheyear.PreparationsforSpringFestivalinChinastartedfaraheadofNewYear’sDay．Onecommoncustomistodecoratedoorswiththecharactersfuandchunlian.Peoplestickthecharacterfu,or“happiness”onredposters,upsidedownonthedoor．ThisisbecausetheChinesecharacterdao(upsidedown)hasthesamesoundasanotherdao,whichmeans“arrive”．Placingfuupsidedownmeansthearrivalofhappiness．Whilechunlian,orspringcouplets,referstotwopiecesofredpaperwithauspicious(吉祥的)wordswrittenonthem–theyareusuallygluedbythesidesofthedoors.InChinese,wereferto“celebratingSpringFestival”as“guonian”,meaningkeepingthemonster(怪兽)ofNianaway.Itissaidthatalongtimeago,amonstercalledNianatepeopleonSpringFestivalEve．ButNianwasafraidofloudnoises,thecolorredandfire．So,peopleplayeddrumsandgongs(锣),setofffireworksandputupredlanternstoscareNian．ThisisstillhowpeoplecelebrateSpringFestivaltoday.TreecarriesbestwishesChristmasisonDec25,whenmanyfamiliesintheWestgettogetherandenjoytheholidayfun.OnChristmasEve,agrandpaissaidtobeverybusysendinggiftstochildren．WeusuallycallhimSantaClaus,whoalwayswearsaredcoatandhat．Areindeer

(驯鹿)called“red-noseRudolph”workswitheightotherreindeertopullSanta’ssleigh(雪橇)sohecantravelfast．ChildrenhangChristmasstockings(袜子)ontheirbedsandtheyfindgiftsinthemonChristmasmorning.Ineveryfamily,itwouldn’tbeChristmaswithoutabeautifultree．Daysbeforetheholidayseason,WesternchildrenbegindecoratingChristmastreeswithcolorfullightsandstars．WheredidthefirstChristmastreecomefrom?Therearemanystoriesaboutit.OneisabouttheGerman,MartinLuther．AshewaswalkingthroughtheforestoneChristmasEve,hesawmillionsofstarsaboveevergreentrees．Hethoughtitwasbeautiful,sohecutdownasmalltreeandtookithometohisfamilyandputcandlesonit.Anotherstoryisaboutapoorwoodsman．HemetalostandhungrychildonChristmasEveandgavethechildfood．Hewokeupthenextmorningtofindabeautifultreeoutsidehisdoor．Thehungrychildwasanangel(天使),andhewantedtothanktheman.1．WhydopeopleoftenstickthecharacterfuupsidedownonthedoorwhenSpringFestivalcomes?A．becausefumeanshappiness.B．becauseitmeansthearrivalofhappiness．C．becauseitisaChinesetraditionalcustom.D．becauseit’sconvenienttodothat.2．WhydopeopleoftensetofffireworksonSpringFestivalEve?A．becausetheyliketobelively.B．becausetheywanttoenjoythemselves.C．becausetheythinkloudnoisecandriveawaythemonsterNian.D．becausetheythinkitcanbringthemgoodluck.3．Whichofthefollowingstatementisright?A．Springcoupletareoftenstickedonthemiddleofthedoor.B．PeopleoftengettogetherandenjoytheirfunduringChristmasandSpringFestival.C．Santa’ssleighisoftenpulledbyeightreindeer.D．ThefirstChristmastreeonlycamefromMartinLuther’sstory.4．Whatisthemainideaofthisparagraph?A．Howpeoplecelebratethesetwofestivals.B．Howthesetwofestivalscameintobeing.C．Somelegendsandcustomsaboutthesetwofestivals.D．Thesameanddifferencesbetweenthesetwofestivals.C、阅读理解Titleslike“quanzi”and“kaimo”haverooted(植根于)themselvesdeeplyintoancientChinesehistoryandculture．Whatdotheyreferto?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatthestoriesbehindtheseideasare?

ModestyandrespectChinesepeopleinthepastorevensometimestodaycalltheirsonsquanzi(犬子)．Theybelievethatdogsarehumble(卑微的)animals．WhenChineseparentsusequanzitorefertotheirsons,theyarebeingmodest(谦虚的)．Ofcourse,mostparentsdohavehighexpectationsfortheirchildrenandwantthemtobesuccessful．However,theydon’tusuallytalkaboutthisinfrontofothers．Instead,theytrytoplayitdown．ThisissimilartohowevenrichChinesepeoplecalltheirbighouseshansha(寒舍),whichmeans“myhumblehome”.Althoughpeoplearemodestaboutthemselves,theycompliment(夸赞)othersalot．Theycalltheirownsonsquanzi,butothers’sonslinglang(令郎),whichisarespectfulwaytosay“yourson”.TreesofcharacterInChinese,kaimo(楷模)means“rolemodel”．BothoftheseChinesecharactershavea“木”ontheirleftside．ThismeanskaiandmomighthavebeentwokindsoftreesinancientChina,althoughtherearedifferentopinionsaboutthis.AccordingtoDuanChengshi,abotanist(植物学家)wholivedduringtheTangDynasty(618-907),therewasakindoftreecalledkaiinsouthwesternChina．ItwassaidthatthereweremanykaitreesgrowingnearConfucius’tomb(孔子墓).Thetrunks(树干)ofthesetreeswereverystraight．SomepeoplethoughttheywerelikeConfucius’character(人格)–straightandupright.LegendhasitthatthemotreesgrewnearthetomboftheDukeofZhou(周公),astatesman(政治家)oftheZhouDynasty(11thcentury-256BC)．Thecolorofthemotree’sleaveswassaidtobepure(纯正的),makingthetreeasymbolofpurityandintegrity(正直)．Sincethekaiandmotreesgrewnearthetombsoftworespectedpeople,kaimowasthenusedtorefertorolemodelsingeneral,accordingtoSunYi,ascholar(学者)wholivedduringtheSongDynasty(960-1279).1．WhydidancientChineseoftencalltheirsonquanzi?A．Becausetheywantedtoexpresstheirmodesty.B．becausetheywantedtoshowofftheirtalent.C．Becausetheyhadahighexpectationfortheirchildren.D．Becausequanziisagreattitle.2．AccordingtoDuanChengshi,whatwasthekaitreelike?A．Itsleaveswerepureandhadadeepmeaning.B．ItgrewnearthetomboftheDukeofZhou.C．Itstrunkwasstraightandupright.D．Itwasasymbolofpurityandintegrity.3．WhydidChineseusekaimotostandfor“rolemodel”?A．BecausekaiandmobothgrewnearConfucius’tomb.B．BecausekaiandmobothgrewnearthetomboftheDukeofZhouC．BecausetheyhadsomerespectedcharacterswhichweresimilartoConfuciusandtheDukeofZhou.D．Becausekaiandmousedtobetwokindsofthemostpopulartrees.4．What’sthemainideaofthisparagraph?A．SomeintroductiontosometitlesancientChineseused.B．Someideasandstoriesbehindsomeancienttitles.C．Whatthetitles“quanzi”and“kaimo”mean.D．HowancientChinesecalledothers.D、阅读理解ManyChinesewordsincludedirectionsorpositionssuchas“east”,“west”,“left”and“right”．Forexample,wesaymaidongxi(买东西)insteadofmainanbei(买南北)．WhatistheChinesehistoryandculturehiddenbehindthesewords?

UpordownWeuseshangcesuo(上厕所)tomean“gotothebathroom”andxiachufang(下厨房)tomean“gotothekitchen”．Why?Inancienttimes,houseswerelaidout(安排)inacertainway．Thegateofthehousewouldfacesouth,withthebathroominthenortheasternpartofthehouseandthekitcheninthesoutheasternpart．Onmaps,northisusuallyatthetopwhilesouthisatthebottom．InChinese,wetalkabout“thenorth”asshang(上)and“thesouth”asxia(下)．Sopeoplewouldsaytheyweregoing“up”tothebathroomand“down”tothekitchen．AncientChinesenotonlyusedshangandxiatorefertodirections,butalsosocialstatus(地位).Shangwasseentobenoble(尊贵的),whilexiastoodforhumility(谦卑)．Forexample,peopleusedhuangshang(皇上)torefertotheemperoranddianxia(殿下)torefertoprinceswhohadalowerstatusthantheemperor.LeftorrightInChinese,wesayyijianxiangzuo(意见相左)whenwehavedifferentopinions．Whyisitnotyijianxiangyou(意见相右)?

Mostpeopletodayareright-handed．Theyfeeluncomfortableiftheytrytousetheirlefthandtowriteorusechopsticks．Thiswastrueinoldtimesaswell．SoinancientChinese,“left”wasrelatedtobeingdifferentoropposing(反对)someone,suchasinyijianxiangzuo．Ifpeopledon’tfollowcommonlyacceptedbeliefsandopinions,wesaytheyarepangmenzuodao(旁门左道)．“Left”and“right”alsohavesomethingtodowithpeople’ssocialstatus．ForalongtimeinancientChina,“right”stoodforhigherstatusthan“left”．Forexample,thecharacter“佑”,developedfrom“右”,meansapersoninahigherpositionwouldprotectsomeoneinalowerposition．Onthecontrary(相反),“佐”meanslow-statuspeoplewouldservehigh-statuspeople．WheretobuythingsWhengoingshopping,Chinesepeoplesaymaidongxi,insteadofmainanbei.Onetheory(说法)saysthatintheTangDynasty,thereweretwopopularmarketsinChang’an,thenationalcapitalatthetime．OnewascalledtheEastMarket,andtheotherwascalledtheWestMarket．Whenshopping,peopleusuallywenttotheEastMarketfirst,andthenwenttotheWestMarket．Astimewentby,peoplestartedtodescribeshoppingasmaidongxi.AnothertheoryisrelatedtoChina’stradinghistory．Aroundthe15thcentury,theMingDynastybegantradingwiththeworld,anditsohappenedthatmostofitsimported(进口的)goodscamefromtheeast(Japan)andwest(Arabia,阿拉伯半岛)．Marketssold“thingsfromtheeastandthewest”,whichwaslatersimplified(简化)to“eastandwest”.1．Whichword"shang"inthefollowingphrasesexpressesthesamemeaningastheword"shang"inthephrase"shangcesuo"A．huangshang（皇上）B．shangliushehui(上流社会)C．beishanglieche(北上列车)D．shangke(上课)2．WhichChinesephraseshowstheculturalmeaningofChinesewordsmentionedinthepassage?A．左顾右盼B．七上八下C．无出其右D．日落西山3．Peopleuse“left”toshow_____.a．difference

b．protection

c．differentdirections

d．lowstatusA．ab

B．ad

C．bc

D．bd4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisright?A.“dong”and“xi”inancientChineserefertomarkets.B．Ifpeoplehavedifferentopinions,wecansaytheyarepangmenzuodao.C．“Goingdowntothekitchen”meansthekitchenisusuallybuiltinthelowerplaceinancientChina.D．“dong”and“xi”mayrefertogoodswhichcamefromtheeastandwestcountries.5．What’sthemainideaofthisparagraph?A．IttellsushowtousesomeChinesesayings.B．IttellsuswhatisthemeaningofsomeChinesesayings.C．Ittellsussomewordsaboutdirectionsorpositionshavedifferentmeaningsnow.D．IttellsustheChinesehistoryandculturearehiddenbehindthesewordsaboutdirectionsorpositions.E、阅读理解ManyChineseidiomscontainnumbers,suchascaigaobadou(才高八斗)andbanjinbaliang(半斤八两)．Whydotheyhavesomethingtodowithnumbers?

AtalentedpersonTheidiomcaigaobadouisusedtodescribeatalentedperson．ItisbasedonastoryaboutCaoZhi(192-232),theyoungersonofCaoCao(155-220),awarlord(诸侯)wholivedduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod．CaoZhiwasoneofthebestpoetsofhistime.Besideshispoetry,hisfu(赋)wasalsoexcellent．Hisworks,suchasLuoshenFu(《洛神赋》),arefullofbeautifuldescriptions.XieLingyun(385-433)wasafamouspoetwholivedduringtheEasternJinDynasty．Hewasquiteproudofhisownwriting,butalsoadmiredCaoZhi’stalent．Heoncesaidtoothers:“Heavenonlygavetheworldonedanoftalent,andCaoZhialonehadeightdou．Ideserve(值得)onedou,andalltheotherpoetsshouldsharethelastonedou.”

ThedanusedwasanancientChinesemeasurementforgrain．Onedanisequalto10dou．Theidiomcanbetranslatedinto“eightbushelsoftalent”inEnglish.StandingtallInChina,peopleoftensay“standinglikea7-chi-tallman”（堂堂七尺男儿)．Howtallexactlyisa7-chi-tallman?Whenpeoplesayqichinaner(七尺男儿),they’reusuallyreferringtoamanwhoistallandstrong．However,it’snoteasytotellexactlyhowlongsevenchiis．AsatraditionalChineseunitoflength,themeasurementofchihaschangedoftenovertime.Inearliertimes,suchastheShangDynasty(16thcentury-11thcenturyBC),onechiwasabout16cm．Sosevenchiwouldbeequaltoabout110cm．A7-chi-tallmanatthetimewouldbealittleperson.WhenitcametotheThreeKingdomsperiod(220-280),onechibecamelongerandreached24.2cm．Sosevenchiwouldbeabout170cm,anaverageheighttoday.Inthefollowingdynasties,chikeptgrowinglonger．Itbecameabout30cmintheTangDynasty(618-907)andfinally35.5cmintheQingDynasty(1644-1911)．Itmeansthata7-chi-tallmanwouldbe248.5cm．Thatwouldbearealgiant!SamedifferenceTheidiombanjinbaliang(半斤八两)means“samedifference”．Onejinandeightliangusedtobethesame．Chinesepeoplemeasuredweightdifferentlyinthepast．Atthattime,onejin(500grams)wasmadeupof16liang．Sohalfofonejinwaseightliang.Peopleusedasteelyardbalance(杆秤)toweighthings．Ithad16gradations(秤星)onitsarm．Eachgradationstandsforonestarinthesky．The16gradationsstandfor16stars–theBigDipper(北斗七星),Sagittarius(南斗六星)andthestarsoffortune,prosperityandlongevity(福禄寿星).Itwassaidthatifyoucheatedsomeonewhiletrading,youwouldlosetheblessing(庇佑)ofthesestars．Thishelpedtokeeppeoplehonestwhiletrading.After1949,Chinastartedtodomoreinternationaltrade．Tomakethingseasier,wechanged16liangforonejininto10liangforonejin.1．Fromthetext,“caigaobadou”firstmainlydescribedatalentedperson,hisnamewas________A．CaoCaoB．XieLingyunC．theotherpoetsD．CaoZhi2．WhatcanwelearnfromXieLingyun’swords?A．HethinkshighlyofCaoZhi’stalents.B．HethinkshedeservesmoredouthanCaoZhi.C．Helooksdownonalltheotherpoetsexcepthimself.D．Hethinksallpoetsshouldsharethesameamountoftalent.3．Accordingtothetext,howtallexactlya7-chi-tallmanintheThreeKingdomsperiod?A．Itwasabout110cm．B．Itwasabout170cm.C．Itwasabout231cmD．Itwasabout248cm4．Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotright?A．Theidiom“caigaobadou”usuallyreferstoatalentedperson.B．InancientChina,Danonlyreferredhowmuchtalentapersonhad．C．Theidiom“7-chi-tallman”usuallyreferstoamanwhoistallandstrong.D．Before1949,banjinweighedthesameaseightliang.5．Howdidthebeliefinthestarshelpkeeppeoplehonestwhiletrading?A．Peoplewhocheatedotherswouldlosetheblessingofthestars.B．Peoplewhocheatedotherswouldgaintheblessingofthestars.C．Peoplewhocheatedotherswouldbecomewealthy.D．Thebeliefinthestarsdidnotaffect

people’shonestywhiletrading.完形填空Cloze1DuringtheTangDynasty,therelivedamannamedZhaoGu．Hewasgoodatwriting___1___andsomanypeopleenjoyedreadingthem．Oneday,peoplewholikedZhao’spoemsgottogether．They___2__aboutZhao’soldworkshappily．ButitwassuchapitythatZhaodidn’twrite___3__poemsveryoften．SotheydiscussedhowtheycouldgetZhaotowrite．Afterawhile,amansaid,“ZhaowilltraveltoYuhanginZhejiangprovince．Hewill___4___visitLingyanTemplebecauseitisveryfamous.”He___5___,“Let’sdosomethingbeforehearrives.”Finallytheycameupwithagood___6___．Therewasawallinthetempleforpeopletowrite．Sotheyinvitedamantowriteonlytwolinesofpoemonthewall．Afterseveraldays,ZhaowenttoLingyanTemple．Whenhesawthetwolinesofpoemonthetemplewall,hecouldnothelpaddinganothertwolinestomakeita___7___poemwithfourlines．WhenZhao’sfans___8___it,theywereexcited．Themanwasnotas___9__asZhao,butthetwolinesledtoZhao’swonderfulpoem．Thiscouldbedescribedas“throwingabricktoattractjade(碧玉).”Nowpeopleoftenexpressinthiswaywhentheygiveanopinionoraspeech．Itisapoliteandmodestwaytoshowtheirhopeinseeingotherpeopleoffersomething____10____．Haveyoulearntit?1．A．letters B．poems C．stories D．articles2．A．said B．talked C．spoke D．wrote3．A．funny B．useful C．great D．new4．A．surely B．correctly C．suddenly D．carefully5．A．wrote B．finished C．described D．continued6．A．idea B．survey C．sign D．present7．A．strange B．simple C．complete D．difficult8．A．heardabout B．waitedfor C．cleanedup D．lookedafter9．A．beautiful B．polite C．talented D．quiet10．A．smaller B．worse C．better D．biggerCloze2RespectingteachershasalwaysbeenatraditioninChina．YangShiwasaphilosopherintheNorthernSongDynasty．Oneday,heandhisschoolmateshaddifferentideasonaquestion．Togeta____1____answer,hewenttovisitChengYi,thefamousphilosopher．AtCheng’shouse,however,theguardingkidtoldhimthatMr．Chengwasmeditating(冥想)inhis____2____andaskedhimtogoback．Yang____3____toleave,sothekidlefthimaloneandwentin.Afterawhile,itbegantosnow___4___．ThelittleboycameoutagainandremindedYangthatMr．Chengmightspendthewholeafternoonmeditating．HeinvitedYangtowarmhimselfinthehouseto____5____thewindandsnow．ButYangkeptstandinginthesnowandwaitingoutsideinorderthathecouldaskCheng’s____6____onthequestion.AssoonasChengfinishedmeditating,theboyreportedthatYangwaswaitingoutside．WhenCheng____7____this,hecameouttoseeYang．Whenthedoorwasopened,everyonewas___8____．Thesnowwasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstoodstill,without___9___hisfeet．“Youngman,whyareyousosilly?Youcouldhavecomeagainsomeday!”ChengtookYangtotheroomatonce．ChengwasveryhappyandacceptedYangashisstudentbecauseofYang’spolitenessandefforts．HetoldYangallhisphilosophicalthoughts．Thatmadeabig___10___toYang’slife．Later,Yangreallylearnedalotandmadegreatcontributions(贡献)tohiscountry.1．A．simple B．correct C．long D．popular2．A．farm B．car C．hotel D．room3．A．hoped B．decided C．refused D．wanted4．A．heavily B．early C．deeply D．carefully5．A．find B．avoid C．catch D．hide6．A．method B．rule C．record D．opinion7．A．heard B．achieved C．forgot D．received8．A．excited B．relaxed C．shocked D．bored9．A．smelling B．washing C．cutting D．moving10．A．difference B．choice C．decision D．plan阅读回答问题ThereisastoryinthebookHistoryasaMirror(《资治通鉴》)byChinesehistorianSimaGuang.ZhiXuanziwastheheadofabigclan(家族)intheStateofJinduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC)．Hewantedaclanmember,ZhiYao,tobehissuccessor(继承人).However,anothermanintheclan,ZhiGuo,wasagainsttheidea．ZhiGuolistedfivestrongpointsofZhiYao．Forexample,hewasgoodatridingandshooting．Hewasdecisive(果断的)andtalkative．ButZhiGuosaidthathehadabigproblem:hismorals(道德)．Hehadanunkindheart.Still,ZhiXuanzididn’tlistentotheidea．ZhiYaobecametheheadoftheclan．Withhisleadershipabilities,hequicklymadehisclanthestrongestinJin．However,becauseofhisaggressivestyle,threeotherclansworkedtogethertofightagainsttheZhiclan．Finally,theZhiclanwasbeaten.SimaGuangusedthisstorytostresstheimportanceofmorals．Talentisnotenough．Hesaidthatexcellentpeoplemusthavebothtalentandvirtue．Thosewhohavevirtuebutnotalentmightworkinefficiently(低效地)．Thosewhohavetalentbutnovirtuemightnotusetheirtalentproperly．Thosewhohavebothtalentandvirtuewerecalledxiancai(贤才)inancienttimes．Ifyouaskwhichoneismoreimportantbetweenthetwo,itmustbevirtue．Onlyifapersonhasvirtuecanheorshegetontherighttrack.In2018,whenPresidentXiJinpingtalkedwithstudentsandteachersatPekingUniversity,hementionedSimaGuang’sideas．Hesaidgoodeducationshoulddevelopbothaperson’svirtuesandtalents．Educatorsmustfollowthisidea．Asstudents,wecanalsomakeitourgoal.1．WhowrotethebookHistoryasaMirror?2．InZhiGuo’sopinion,whatwereZhiYao’sstrongpoints?3．WhywasZhiGuoagainstZhiYaobecomingthenextleader?

4．WhathappenedtotheZhiclanunderZhiYao’sleadership?5．Whatshouldexcellentpeoplebelike,accordingtothestory?（2）文章导读阅读理解A篇：

放假、纳凉、外卖……古代人生活方式是如何的呢？B篇：中秋节和感恩节，都是与家人团聚一起的节日。C篇：火锅、东坡肉、餐桌礼仪．．．．．．探寻中国饮食文化D篇：国学故事。千金买马首。E篇：国学故事。用人如器。完形填空Cloze1中国传统经典故事——闻鸡起舞。Cloze2中国传统经典故事——滴水穿石。Cloze3中国传统经典故事——仓颉造字。语法填空国学故事——见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也A阅读理解Weekends,airconditioners(空调),takeouts…areallcommonthingsformodernpeople．Haveyoueverwonderedifancientpeopleenjoyedthesamelifestyles?Let’stakealook．NoweekendsInancientChina,therewerenoweekendsbecausepeopledidnotuseaweeklycalendar．Buttheycouldstillrelaxafterwork．DuringtheHanDynasty(206BC-AD220),officials(官员)tookonedayoffeveryfivedays．DuringtheTangDynasty(618-907),officialsworkedfor10daysandrestedforoneday．Theyusuallybathedandwashedtheirhairontheirdayoff,whichwascalledxiumu(休沐)．Therewerealsomanypublicholidaysinancienttimes,suchasSpringFestival,wintersolsticeandMid-AutumnFestival．Peoplelikefarmersandbusinessmenusuallyworkedmostoftheyear,buteventhemosthard-workingpeoplewouldtakeafewdaysoffduringSpringFestival．SmartwaysofstayingcoolInmoderntimes,wecanenjoycolddrinksinair-conditionedroomstostaycool．Inancienttimes,thoughpeopledidn’thavethesethings,theyhadtheirownwisdomtogetthroughtheheatedsummer．AsearlyastheZhouDynasty,therewasaspecialdepartment(部门)calledthe“iceadministration”whoseworkerswereresponsibleforcollectingiceblocks(冰块)inwinterandstoringtheminanicehouse．Whensummercame,peoplecouldtaketheiceblockshomeandusethemtomaketheirroomscooler．Theicecouldalsobeusedtomakecolddrinks．The“bingjian(冰鉴)”wasatypeofancientfridge．Itwasabigboxmadeofceramic(陶),woodormetal(金属)filledwithice．Peoplewouldputdrinksinsideandclosethelid(盖子),andthedrinkswouldbecomecolderovertime．Therewasakindofpillowmadeofporcelain(瓷器)thatfeltpleasantlycool．ItissaidthatEmperorQianlong(1711-99)oftheQingDynastylikedthesepillows．Ancientpeoplealsowovereeds(芦苇)orbamboointobedmats(垫子)tosleepon．They’restillusedtoday．TakeoutsnotanewthingWithatakeoutsapp,youcanorderanydishesyou’dliketoeatandtheyjustcometoyourdoorwithinminutes．Infact,takeoutisnotanewthing．TherewastakeoutasfarbackastheSongDynasty(960-1279)．Accordingtohistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong(1127-1194)likedtoordertakeoutlateatnight．Hisservantswouldgoaroundthecitytopickupdishesandbringthembacktothepalace．Ordinarypeoplealsoorderedtakeout．Restaurantwaiters