复合句知识点讲解及练习

1、宾语从句中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。 它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主 句谓语动词宾语，也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。 中 考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。考向导航 高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如:We believe (that) he is hon es我们相信他是诚实的。 如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whethero 一般情况下, 二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用 whethero如:I don't know

2、 if/whether she will come here 我不知道她是否将来这儿。Sorry， I don't know whether he will come or not对不起，我不知道他是否会来。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如:Could you tell me where the post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗?The teacher asked the stude nts what they were doin老.师问学生他们正在做什么。高频考向二 宾语从句的时态宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下

3、面 几种情况: 主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要 根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如: He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他 说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工 作。 主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如:She said she missed us very much. 说她非常想念我们。 从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如:He said that the sun is bigger tha n the eart他说太阳比

4、地球大。高频考向三 宾语从句的语序1. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即 引导词+主语+ 谓语+其他”。女口：I wa nt to know whe n the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。2. do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：Who do you think he is talking with ?你认为他正在和谁交谈?【注意】由do，does, did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do,does, did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如:“ D

5、oes he sing we? ” The music teacher asked him.T The music teacher asked him if/whether he sang well 这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。如果是will , be, have, can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如:“Will you be free tomorrow ” She asked me.She asked me if/whether I would be free tomorro诚也问我明天是否是空闲的。当主句的主语

6、为第一人称，谓语动词是think, guess, believe等动词且接有否定的that宾语从句时，常将否定词提前到主句中。如：I don't thi nk that Alice is an America n我认为艾丽丝不是美国人。高频考向四 宾语从句的转化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时,从句可转化为不定式结构。如:I hope that I can see you aga in.=I ho pe to see you again我希望能再次见到你。当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember,

7、forget,learn等时，从句可转化为 疑问词+不定式”结构。如:I don't know what I should say.=I don't know what to say我不知道该说什么。当主句的谓语动词是 ask, tell, show, teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为 不定式结构”或疑问词+不定式”结构。如:Mr. Hu tells us that we should n't draw on the wall.=Mr. Hu tells us not to draw on the wal I胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画

8、画。Will you p lease tell me where I can buy sta mps?=Will you please tell me where to buy stamps?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票吗？中考考点状语从句状语从句即在复合句中作状语的句子。根据其用途可分为九类。中考对状语从句考查的重点是引导词和时态。考向导航高频考向一状语从句的种类从句矣中/引与同时创默 讲U旬農叮；k句动作 发生的时间whit * W lx'll* as- iititiLits stjHl ;n M'h雌r aJkr'>iiifc.,.她点狀 沿从句k All &

9、#39;. jj 作览Y的地 比，位卅wlicrrt whiT站ytt烛1却林 治从旬iM匚诃功作hi'('all 期、 fir - >i Ih'i- - ii >条ri状酒U何養悶卜：吋动需嗯的荼件if. utilos歯从诃衣明4-: ij动采或【衍卡耳Z FiM'hihnt让步状 语从衣叩上诃发生 麼就作|和勺" 种iL歩状态IlDLIXll « CVt 1 ihtiUljdl il akhough * no tn?il h r-駐阿诃比软狀 诰从旬挖明匸旬比伐tll.'LlL- fIS. m tint ；ISM】；I

10、H诰从旬辰明£句完成 滚訪作的方式;is if nsU的狀 浦从句衣明主if；为 劲作的H的M3 1 IlhI - ill nIIliT tIuLl如:I'll let you know as soon as she comeS也一来，我就会让你知道。（时间状语从句）I won't go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我不会跟你去，因为现在我正忙着做作业。（原因状语从句）If it rains tomorrow，we'll stay at home如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里。（条件状语从句）

11、Although he is not rich，he lives happily尽管他不富有，但是他生活得很幸福。（让 步状语从句）He got up very early this morning in order that he could catch the first bus.为了能赶 上第一班公交车，他早上起得很早。（目的状语从句）It was such a cold day that n obody wan ted to go out天 气那么冷，没人想出去。（结果状语从句）wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog无 论他哪里，他

12、总是带着他的宠物狗。（地点状语从句）Carol sp eaks En glish as well as you do卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。（比较状语从 句）The child talked to us as if he were a grow n-u p.那个孩子和我们谈起话来像个成年 人似的。（方式状语从句）【注意】so与because, though/although与but不能在句中同时出现。高频考向二状语从句与主句时态的一致性1. 主句为祈使句、一般将来时态或由情态动词表示将来的动作时，if引导的条件状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句及 when, as soon as,

13、until等引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:Don't go and p lay football if you don't finish your homework.女口果你不完成家庭作 业，你就不要去踢足球。He won't leave un til you agree with him.直到你同意他，他才会离开。2. since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时态，主句则用现在完成时态 （“Ithas been. since从句结构”。）女口:Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened

14、 in 1995自. 从 1995 年那家工厂 开办以来，王叔叔便在那里工作了。It is (has bee n) ten years si nee we left that city我 们离开那个城市已经十年了。3主句为过去时态时，状语从句也应用过去时态的某一种形式。如: Yesterday Meimei did n't come to school because her mother was il昨天梅梅没来上学是因为她妈妈病了。When I was a child, father had told me that story.我还是小孩子的时候爸爸便已给我讲过那个故事了。4.当

15、主从句的动作均发生在过去时， 注意含when, while引导的时间状语从句的 主从句时态的一致性: 主从复合句中， 主句谓语动词动作在从句谓语动词动作之前发生， 且进行的时 间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。如:Mother was cook ing dinner whe n I got home yesterday昨 天我到家时妈妈正在做 饭。从句中谓语动作先于主句中谓语动词动作发生， 且进行的时间较长时， 从句用 过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。如:When the stude nts were hav ing a meeti ng, the teacher came i 学生

16、们正在开会时, 老师进来了。 若主从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系 （即同时发生 ）或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时。如:While Han Meimei was swee ping the floor, Lucy was carry ing water韩梅梅在扫地, 而露西在挑水。 主句动作和从句动作都已完成，则先发生的动作可用过去完成时态，后发生的 动作用一般过去时态。如:When they got to the cin ema, the film had bee n on for five mi nutes. 他们至 U电影院 时，电影已放映了五分钟。定语从句中考考点 定语从句在

17、句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词 who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when, where，why等引出。中考对定语从句考查的重点是定语从句 的关系词。考向导航 高频考向一定语从句的关系词1. who, whom, that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、 宾语等。如：Is he the man who/that wan ts to see yo?他是想见你的那个人吗?He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday他是昨天我看到的那个人。2

18、. which, that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾 语等。如：Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gen tie 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。The coat (that/which) I p ut on the desk is blue我 放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。3. whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语。如:PI ease p ass me the book whose cover is greet把圭寸面是绿色的那本书递给我。4.关系副词有when, where, why，它们在句中作状语。如: r II n e

19、ver forget the days whe n we studied together我 永远忘不了我们一起学习的那 些日子。This is the city where my father worked ten years ago这是我爸十年前工作的城市。高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况1. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is one of the most excit ing football games that I have ever seei这是我所看过的 最激烈的一场足球赛。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first thi ng t

20、hat you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。3.当先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little , much, none 等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：All that we have to do for our stude nts is to tell them how to sp eak En glish in class我 们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。I'm going to buy ever

21、yth ing that I n eed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。4.当先行词前面有only, just, very, any, no等词修饰时。如：That's the only thi ng that we can do now那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。5.当先行词指代的既含有人又含有物时。如:They are talki ng about things and persons that they remembered他 们正在谈论他们 所能回忆起来的人或事。高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况1 .当先行词为all，any或其合成词或a few且指人

22、时。如:Anyone who breaks the law will be pun ished任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。2. 当先行词为that, this, those或these且指人时。如:Those who had n't bought the tickets for the train crowded in the wait ing hall.那些还 没买着票的人挤在候车厅里。3. 当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时， 在口语中用who或whom引导均可, 但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用 whom。如：The guest (who/whom) I'll first

23、 in troduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介绍给你们 的客人是一位小姑娘。I met a few friends of mine, among whom was my old classmate我遇见几位朋友, 其中一位是我的老同学。活常渚用'、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。（原创）1. This morning my mother asked me where Julia(go) last weeke nd.2. Will Tony go skii ng with us this Saturday?Sorry, I don't know

24、 if he(go). But I know he has no in terest in sports.3. I don't know where she(come) from.4. What are you doing un der the desk?rm look ing for the pen that I(buy) yesterday.5. Qian Xuesen passed away on October 31,2009, at the age of 98but he is a manwho still(en courage) Chin ese youth.6. The

25、stories that(write) by Mark Twai n are ofte n humorous.、用适当的连词填空。7. I'd like to kn ow we will go camping.Maybe in the forest.8. Excuse me, Miss Chen, could you tell methe Belt and Road mea ns?It is short for the Silk Road Econo mic Belt and 21st Cen tury Maritime Silk Road.9. Mr. Gree n, do you

26、knowour summer camp begi ns?July 10th. It will last a mon th.10.he had failed many times, he did n't give up and succeeded inthe end.11I will be very happyyou come to my party.12Dad, when did you come back from the farmland yesterday?the rain stopped. Well, I didn't come back13Mike, what wer

27、e your parents doing at 8：00 last night? My mother was readingmy father wasplaying computer games.14 The sky is dark and redthe sun is rising behind the cloud.15 They were too late,they got to the fashion show, it had been over.三、用适当的关系代词填空。16I want to visit a placeis famous for its scenery.17Please

28、 show me the bookcover is red.18This is the very booktells many English stories.19Confucius was a famous philosopher （ 哲学家 ）has influenced the20Everyonehas been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.world greatly.考点跟踪突破复合句宾语从句、把下列各句改为宾语从句。1. The teacher asked me “ Will you be a volun teer?”The teache

29、r asked me ifbe a volun teer.2. “ Who is responsible for the food safety problem? ” asked the reporter.The rep orter askedrespon sible for the food safety p roblem.3. John asked “Can you look after my pet dog?”Joh n askedlook after his pet dog.4. Does the earth go around the sun? Susa n wan ted to k

30、now.Suan wan ted to knowthe eartharound the sun.5. Does her daughter take an umbrella with her? Mrs. Brow n wan ted to know.Mrs. Brow n wan ted to know her or not.her daughteran umbrella with二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。6. He asked if the light(travel) faster tha n sound.7. Our teacher told us that the sun(rise)

31、in the east and(set)in the west.8. I will take back what I(say).9. We did n't know that Lucy(be) an America n girl.10. Anna said that she(make) Chin ese frie nds in China soon.11. Jack wants to know how much the car(cost) him.12. I hope that I(visit) Beiji ng soon.13. Can you find out that our c

32、ity(cha nge) a lot in rece nt years?三、用适当的引导词填空。14.The p olice won deredhan dbag it was.15.rm thi nki ng ofwe should go to see the film.16.Do you knowpo sitive en ergy mea ns.17.Could you tell mepeople eatyua nxiao in China?At the Lantern Festival.18. Ms. P etty, can you tell methe baby giraffe come

33、s from?Africa.19. I wo nderI may have a word with you.Yes, of course.20. Can you tell meyou plan to do with the p roblem?21. Could you tell meyou'll go to P aris?Next month.22. Excuse me, could you tell mebus I should take to get to the zoo?The No. 32 bus can take you there.23. The math problem

34、is so hard. I really don't knowto do it.24. Could you tell methe Win ter Olym pic Games areheld?Every four years.25. Wang Hai told meun derstood 31.I said, ” said Toppo.he did n't go cycii ng yesterday after noon.四、语法填空。阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Nirmala Toppo, a 14-year-old girl f

35、rom In dia, can talk to ele phan ts! And she has saved the city of Rourkela in In dia with this ability (能力).One day, 12 wild ele phants ran into Rourkela from a n earby forest. They were very huge. Local people tried their 26. (good) to drive the elephants into agym. But they did n't know 27to

36、drive them back to the forest.“ It was a difficult task. The elephants became violent (暴力的)and started to destroy the gym area, ” a local forest official 28(tell) the BBC.Then they thought of Nirmala Toppo, a tribal (咅E落的)girl 29 lives inthe n eighbori ng state of Jharkha nd. She is famous for being

37、 able to talk to ele phants.She has 30 (success) driven back elephants many times before in herhometow n.When Toppo arrived, she came close to the ele phan ts. She was n't afraid at all. told them the gym was not their home. They should return where they bel ong. TheyThe ele phants started to le

38、ave the gym. Toppo walked many miles with them_32.they arrived back at the forest. Her (foot) were badly hurt because of thelong dista nee.How did she lear n to talk to ele phants ? Toppo said she lear ned that after a few elephants killed her mother. But (other) think that's because tribal peop

39、le35.(live) with wild animals for so many years, and they know how to dealwith them.状语从句、句型转换。1. Jack is so short that he can't reach the book on the she改为同义句)Jack isshortreach the book on the shelf.his classall the students were2.The teacher began his class. All the students were seate用i(Until

40、合并为一句)The teacher seated.3. Hurry up, or you'll miss the early bus.改为同义句)youhurry up, youcatch the early bus.4. The childre n have to stay in side because of the hot weathe改(为状语从句)hot.The childre n have to stay in side5. Miss Gao wrote a letter to her friend at once after she had got to Shanghaj

41、4为同义句）Miss Gaoa letter to her frie ndsheShan ghai.6.、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。(not go) to bed un til the p rogramme ends.7.They(not meet) each other since they left college.8.Tom(argue) with his brother whe n I went to see him yesterday.9.He(live) in the coun tryside whe n he was young.10. The film11. He won

42、't believe it(beg in) whe n I got to the cin ema, so I missed thebeg inning of the film.he sees it with his own eyes.(fin ish)12. Will you come and stay with us for a while when youdoing your homework?13.I met an old frie nd of mine while I(walk) in the street.14 .My parents are always worried a

43、bout what will happen if I(fail).15.I will send you an e-mail as soon as I(arrive) in London.三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。although, before, un til, while, as so on as.because when, since, whatever, so that16. He is training very hard he can win a gold medal in theOly mp ics.We'll set out17. Whe n sh

44、all we begi n our trip?our head teacher arrives.18.he is very tired, he continued work ing in his office.19.Zoot op ia, the carto on, is popularthere are many lovely ani malsin it.20.It's a good habit to wash your handsyou have meals.21.He always thi nks rm wrong,I may say.22.Jenny did n't g

45、o to bedher mother came home last ni ght.23.Mother was worried becauseher son was ill, esp eciallyfatherwas away in France.24. Could you help me with houseworkyou are free today?25. I was about to go to schoolit bega n to rain.四、语法填空。（原创）阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中词语的正确形式填空。每空不多于3

46、个单词。A wise man travelled in the mountains. 26.(find) a p recious stone in a river.he was walk ing, he 27.The n ext day, he met ano ther traveler who was 28.(hun ger). Thewise man opened his bag to share his food 29.the traveler. The traveler sawthe stone and asked the wise man 30.(give) the stone to

47、 him.The wise man did so 31.hesitati on.The traveler left very happy. He knew the stone was very valuable and he could get much money by 32. (sell) it. But a few days later, he came back toreturn the stone the wise man.“I've been thinking all these days” he said. “I know how valuable the stone i

48、s,but I give it back to you. 34.I hope I can get something more valuable.Could you tell me what made you give me the stone without hesitation ”35(hear) this, the wise man smiled and said, “I think you have got what you want. ”From the story we can lear n that sometimes it's not the wealth you ha

49、ve but what's in side you is more valuable to other peop le.定语从句、将下列简单句改为定语从句。1. They like those books. Those books have scary monsters.scary mon sters.They like those booksmy little2. We are looking for the nurse. She looked after my little sister.We are looking for the nurse sister.3. Jane is

50、my best friend. She can play the piano.Janethe pianQmy best friend.4. PI ease p ass me the dicti on ary. Its cover is black.PI ease p ass me the dicti onaryblack.5. I'll never forget the farm. I visited it in 2012.ril n ever forget the farmin 2012.二、用 who, whom, whose, which 或 that 填空。6. The first thingyou must do is to have a meal.7. The womanyou met in the shop lives on the sec ond floor of ou