届高英语语法要点精讲专题情景交际教案

1、2013届高三英语语法要点精讲（配最新高考+模拟）专题20情景交际【考纲解读】高考研究高考英语情景交际考点是用来考查考生在一定语境下对应答或习惯表达的掌握情况。其实质是对学生口语能力进行一种书面的考查。一般来说，高考中对于情景交际试题要求主要包括英语新课程标准中所涉及的68个话题。主要体现在社会交往 （问候、告别、道歉、祝愿、祝贺等）中人的态度（同意或不同意；喜欢或不喜欢；肯定或不肯定；可能或不可能；能够或不能够等）或表示的一种情感（高兴、惊奇、忧虑、安慰、满意、遗憾、同情等）等。【知识要点】对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用，从而检测出考生

2、对英语的驾驭能力。国家高中英语新课标列出了11个方面共66个功能意念项目以及24个话题项目。下面是最常用的一些情景交际语境。1.Introduction（介绍）-This is Mr Smith.Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you.2 .Greetings（问候）一How are you doing? Very well,thank you.3 .Thanks（感谢） Thank you very much.It , as pleasure./My Pleasure./That OK./You ' rewelcome./Don ' t mention i

3、t./That s all right.4 .Apologies（道歉）一I ' m sorry for losing your radio.一That ' OK./It ' asl right./Never mind./It ncsthing./Forget it./It doesn ' t met5.1 nvitation（邀请） Would you like to have a cup of coffee? Thank you./No, thank you.6.Asking for permission（ 请求允许）Would/Do you mind my

4、 smoking here? Of course,you can./Go ahead,please.I ' m sorry,it ' s not allowed./I ' m afraid not.7.Expressing wishes and congratulations（祝愿和祝贺）一I ' m going to have an English Exam.-Good luck! I have just won the first prize in the maths competition.Congratulations!8.Offering help（提

5、供帮助）-Shall I help you with that?一Yes,please./Yes,thanks.No,thanks./Thank you all the same.9.Making appointments（约会）一Let s make it at 5:30.一All right.See you then.10.Making telephone calls（打电话）一Hello! May I speak to Tom?/Is that Tom speaking? Just a moment, please./Sorry. He isn 'irt just now. /H

6、old the line, please. /Hello. This is Mary speaking."Having meals（就餐） Would you like something to eat/drink?一Yes,I ' d like a drink./I ' d like rice and chicken.No,thank you.I ' ve had enough.12.Seeing a doctor（就医）一 What' s the matter?I ' m not quite myself./I feel terrib（ba

7、d,horrible.）.I have a headache./There is something wrong with.13.Shopping 购物- What can I do for you?/May I help you?I want/I ' d like a pair of sports shoes.14.Asking the way（问路）一Excuse me.Where is the post office?/Excuse me.Which is the way to the post office?/Can（Could） you tell me the way to

8、the post office?/How can I get to the post office?It ' over there./Go down this street until you see the tall redbuilding.You can t miss it./You can take bus No.23./Turn left at the firstcrossing./Sorry,I don ' t know.I ' m a stranger here.15.Talking about weather（谈论天气）一 What' s the

9、weather like today?/How is the weather today?It ' s nice/fine/sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/foggy.16.Sympathy（同情）My mother is ill.I have to stay at home and look after her.一I ' m sorry to hear that.17 .Frequency（频度） How often do you go to movies?Once a week.18 .Praise and encouragement（赞扬和鼓励）You

10、speak excellent English.Thank you.典题链接英语是一种交流工具。为考查考生的能力，交际用语在高考中一直有所体现。高考对日常用语的考查范围主要集中在以下5个方面：1.请求许可与回答：May I turn down the radio a bit?, if you insist.A. NoB. My pleasureC. All rightD. That's right本题选C项。上文在征询意见，请求许可。下文尽管有点不乐意， 还是同意了。All right, OK都可以。如果没有if you insist ，可以 爽快地说 Go ahead/Yes, of

11、 course.Do you mind my smoking here?A. No, please don tB. I don't want you toC. I'm afraidI don'tD. I'd rather you didn't本题选D项，用I'd rather主观愿望句表示不同意。用虚拟语气显 得比较客气，委婉。如果直截了当地说，就用 I'm afraid I do.这 样显得有点不客气。2.请求帮助、提供帮助、接受帮助或拒绝帮助Would you do me a favor of posting this letter?

12、A. It s my pleasureB. No troubleC. Yes, thats rightD. With pleasure本题选 D 项。With pleasure是 I 'll do that with pleasure.（我很乐意）的省略。而A项是你帮过忙，别人致谢时，你的回答。我很荣幸。一Let me carry the bag for you, professor.Thank you.A. Go aheadB. Here you areC. I can manageD. Take it本题选C项。I can manage(it)我自己能行；A项go ahead 前

13、面说过，是别人请求许可时的爽快回答；B项意思是给你；D项是叫 别人收下什么时说的。Sir, can I ask a favor?A. I m sorry, but what?B. Sure, what is it?C. Yes, you could.D. I'd love to.本题选B项。先同意，然后问是什么。C项对别人应该说Yes, you can有求于人时才用委婉的could;而D项与上文不符。3.就餐场合How do you want the beef?A. SmallB. ThinC. HotD. Medium本题选D项。上文问的是牛肉要几成熟？只有 D项Medium（七八

14、成熟，不老不嫩）是正确的回答。当然还有rare（嫩一点）或Well-done（老 一点）。Can I help you, sir?A. Yes, you canB. No, I don't need any helpC. Of course, if you likeD. No, thanks, I'm being served本题选D项。对话发生在餐馆。服务员问：先生要点些什么食物？ 顾客回答：不，我已经点过了。选项 A和C人称用错；选项B语气 不委婉；I'm being served.已经点过，只是点的东西还没上来。故选Do 4.问路 It s several blo

15、cks away. Let me draw you a map.A. ThanksB. Oh, I would really appreciate thatC. That'll be OKD. Oh, you don t have to本题选B项。就上下文来说B项最合适，A、C两项略显冷淡了 点，对于帮了大忙的人，光 Thanks和OK不足以表达感谢之情。Oh, look at my poor sense of direction.A. Let me help youB. This way, pleaseC. Here it isD. No hurry本题选B项。这是发生在路上的对话。

16、根据下文 看我这方向感!可知走错路了。所以上文应该是这边请！ ”5.祝贺和祝愿Happy Father s Day, Dad!A. You are welcomeB. That's all rightC. Thank youD. The same to you本题选C项。子女对父亲说：父亲节快乐。父亲回答：谢谢。或It's nice of you to say soM 是好孩子！Have a sweet dream, Honey!A. Thanks, anywayB. I willC. All rightD. You too本题选D项。晚上父母把孩子送上床，然后说：做个好梦。回

17、答：你也是。在其他相互祝愿的情况下 You too都可用。如在party 上:一Enjoy yourself! You too.碰至U熟人： Have a nice dayYou too. 过年过节：一Have a happy new year!- You too.而A项是别人帮你的 忙没帮上时说的话， 不管怎么说，还是要谢谢你。”【考点诠释】英语交际型试题主要考查考生对英语知识的理解和应用能力，考查考生对中西方文化差异的掌握情况及对英语的使用和驾驭能力。在高考英语试题中，交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交

18、际项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有以下几种。考点1习惯应答类许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如：1 .常用于感谢的应答用语有：You are welcome . /Don ' t mention .it /It is my pleasure(Mypleasure). /Not at a11. /That ' s all right/I ' m glad(happy)that /I ' mikla(

19、eiyjoy)lit .2 .常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind . /It doesn ' matter. /Not at a11. /That 'asright. /That is nothing .3 .常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Good luck!/Best wishes to you . /Have a nice time . /Wish youa pleasant journey. /Congratulations!/Merry Christmas!/Happy birthday to you .而应答用语有： Thank you . /The same t

20、o you. /You too .4 .接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure. /I ' bde happy(glad)to . /Yes, helpyourself. /No problem . /Good idea/Sounds good/Why not?拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry, but - /I ' d rather you/ThanlbyOu- /No way!/Forget it。5其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语有： How do you do /Fine ， thanl you 介绍的应答用语有： Very gla

21、d(pleased)to see you 接电话的习惯用语有： This is Li Ming spealing 道别的习惯用语有： Bye /So long /See you later.服务人员的应答用语有：Yes, Sir. /Yes, Madame. /Take your time .考点 2 破交际定势类汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处， 但也存在诸多差异。 这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。 我们要力求用英语思维， 避免母语交际定势的干扰， 要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。 如： 当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总是先接受对方的夸奖

22、，再表示谢意。如：一 You ve given us a wonderful Chinese dinner， Mrs Wang 王太太，您给我们提供了一顿极好的中式晚餐。I ' m glad you enjoyed it我很高兴你们喜欢。考点 3 语言结构类这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来做出选择。 以习惯用法和变异句 (如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes， Ithinl(suppose ， believe)SO /Yes， I m'afraidSO 对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说： No ， I don t

23、thinl(suppose) so/No ， I don t believe so/No ， I believe(suppose)not /No ，I hope not . /No , I am afraid not . " Do you mind 常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用“No， go ahead /No ， of course not /No ， not at a11 ”等来回答； 如果不同意， 可用“I msorry I do ”来回答。考点 4 情景用语类根据不同的交际情景， 说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。 如表示不肯定或没把握，人们会说：I

24、 am afraid that/It depend表示不耐烦和催促的用语有：Well, well . /Come on. /Hurry up!表示惊奇和有把握的用语有：No wonder /No doubt 如：一 What do you want to do next?We have half an hour until the basletball game 接下来你准备做什么?在篮球赛之前我们还有半小时。一 It s up to yo uWhatever you want to do is fine with me 这取决于你。你想做什么我都同意【试题放送】【2012 重庆卷】26.-T

25、he Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled.-Oh, no!.A. It ' s a pity B. It doesn ' t matteC.I knew it already D. It ' s not interesting at all【考点】交际用语【答案】A【解析】分析题干语境可知，答语表示的是对于现代艺术展览活动的取消表示遗憾。因此， 正确答案为A选项。【2012 辽宁卷】 23. - I ' merribly sorry to interrupt, but may I

26、 use your phone? It ' rather urgent.Yes, .A. with pleasureB.no burryC. it doesn ' t matterD. of course【考点】交际用语【答案】D【解析】由前面的 Yes可知，第二个人同意对方用他的电话，所以用 of course o学生可能会 误选为A, with pleasure意为乐意帮忙”而这个题是说对方当然可以用他的电话，所以 with pleasure在这儿不合题意。【2012 四川卷】.一Excuse me. How much is the shirt?A. Extra Large

27、 B. 50 each C. It sells well D. Altogether there are 5【答案】B【考点】本题考查交际用语。【解析】句意为 打扰一下，这衬衫多少钱？ " “二, A意为 超大号”，B意为 每件50” C意为它很畅销”，D意为总共有5 （件）根据语境，故选 Bo【2012 四川卷】3.Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.高 666 考 % 资&&& 源Sure.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will【答案】 D【考点】本题考查交际用语。【解析】根据上句

28、“再见，约翰。 （欢迎）找个时间再来。 ”而选D ，意为：我会的，我愿意。【 2012 陕西卷】16. I m sorry for being late. I should have phoned you earlier.-. I ve just arrived.A. That s no troubleB. You are welcomeC. That s all rightD. You can never tell【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】A 项意思是：一点也不麻烦； B 项意思是：不用谢； C 项意思是：好的，行；没关系；D项意思是：你永远说不清楚。所填部分是对I'

29、m sorry勺应答，根据情景选C。【 2012 陕西卷】21. The trip shouldn t take more than an hour. .Tt is at least two hours.A. I guess soB. That s itC. You must be jokingD. It depeds【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】A 项意思是：我想是这样； B 项意思是：就是它； C 项意思是：你一定在开玩笑；D 项意思是：看情况。题干中前一分句意思是：旅行不该超过一小时。而应答句的后一分句意思是：至少两小时了，根据情景选 C。【2012 全国 II 】 20. -

30、Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.- Thanks. A. So what? B. No way C. What for? D. You ， too.【答案】 D【解析】此处So what?那又怎么样呢？No way没门儿；What for?为什么；You, too.你也是。句意：-不要让自己太累了。放松点儿。-谢谢。你也是。【考点】考查情景对话。【 2012 全国 II 】 6. -What shall we do tonight then?-whatever you want.A. Help yourself B. It 

31、9; s a deaC. No problem D. It ' s up to you 【答案】D【解析】 此处Help yourself你自己来；It ' s a de附言为定，成交；No problem没问题；It ' s up to you由你决定。句意：-我们今晚干什么呢？-由你决定。你想做什么就做什么。【考点】考查情景对话。t.5【2012 天津卷】-You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don-. Confidence is really important. DA.It '

32、; s not my cup of teaB. That ' s not the point C. I don' t think so D. Icouldn ' t agree more1【2012 天津卷】-Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?-. I can manage without you. DA. Forget itB. I ' m afraid not C. It dependsD. Ofcourse【2012 全国新课程121.-Which one of these do you want?. E

33、ither will do .A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead【答案】A【解析】此处I don't mind我不介意；I'm sure我确信；No problem 没问题；Go ahead继续做。句意：-你想要这些中的那一个？-我不在乎。任何一个都行。【考点】考查情景对话。【2012 山东卷】22. Sorry I ' m late. I got stuck in traffic.You ' re here now. Come in and sit down.A. You are

34、 welcomeC. I have no ideaB. That s rightD. Never mind【答案】D【解析】此处you are welcome不用谢；I have no idea我不知道；that ' s right是正确的；nevermind不介意，没关系。句意：-对不起，我迟到了。我遇到了交通堵塞。-没关系，你现在到了。进来请坐。根据语意选D。【考点】考查交际用语。【2012 福建卷】21.What are you going to do this weekend? . If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my fr

35、iends.A. Don ' t mention it B. It doesn' t matter CDFttrgep iinds【考点】交际用语一征求意见或看法【答案】D【解析】根据题中的语境，特别是答语的后半部分“If time permits ,可知看情况决定”选择故选择A项“It depends,'表示同意，其它选项不合题意。本题比较容易。【2012 福建卷】 29. You had better some time every day for sports so that you can keepyourself energetic.A. set aside

36、B. take up C. put away D. give out【考点】考查动词短语辨析【答案】A【解析】根据后半句 so that you can keep yourself energetic可知上半句应该是建议对方要多 留出时间进行运动，set aside留'出，拨出" ；take up占据，从事；'put away收拾好" give out发" 出，分发”，根据句意只能选择A项。【2012 浙江卷】20. 一 I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days. . I wish I

37、could get away for a while.A. It doesn't matter B. Forget it C. I really envy you D. I can't agree more【考点】交际用语一征求意见或看法【答案】C【解析】根据句意：-我要去圣弗朗西斯科几天。 -真羡慕你(I really envy you )。我多么 希望我也可以离开一会儿呀。与 I wish相呼应，故答案 C符合语境。It doesn ' t matter没 有关系；forget it别提了； I cant agree more完全赞同，均不符合语境，故排除。【201

38、2 浙江卷】1.- Is there anything else to discuss?. I guess.A. Not at allB. No, that's all C. Yes, I'm sure D. Yea, of course【考点】交际用语一征求意见或看法【答案】B【解析】根据句意：-还有其他事要讨论吗？-没有，就这么多(no, that ' §all我想。故 选答案Bo not at all一点儿也不；yes, I ' m sure勺，我确定；yes, of course是的，当然，均 是答非所问，不合题意，故排除。【2012 江苏卷】

39、33. Honey, the cats stuck in the tree. Can you turn off the TV and get aladder ？Oh, it jumped off. .A. Never mind B. All right C. No problem D. Take care【考点】交际用语一安慰【答案】A【解析】A项意为别介意，别放在心上工。B项意为好吧”；C项意为没问题”；D项意为当 心”。 句意为：亲爱的，那只猫被困在树上。你可以关电视，拿梯子 ？一一哦，它会 跳下来。别放在心上。根据上面是在担心，故后面是安慰，故选A项。【2012 江苏卷】24.-Don&

40、#39;t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.-! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I'm so sorry【考点】交际用语一安慰【答案】A【解析】句意为：一一妈妈，别担心。医生说只是流感。 一一我可以松口气了。我要告诉爸 爸没有什么严重的。A项意为 何以松口气了 "，符合语境。B项意为 祝贺”；C项意为 多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为 我很抱歉根据

41、句意，应选A项。【2012 安徽卷】32. I love the Internet. I've come to know many friends on the Net. . Few of them would become your real friends.A. That ' s for sureB. It ' s not the caseC. I couldn't agree moreD. I'm pleased to know that【答案】B【解析】选择B是正确的。后面的句子告诉我们：应答者是持有否定态度的。A、C、D都是持肯定态度的。【考点

42、】考查交际用语。【2012 安徽卷】22.May I help you? You seem to be having some problems. , thanks. I think I can manage.A. All rightB. No problem C. It ' all right D. There ' s no way【答案】C【解析】你说的对。但是谢谢你的好意，我自己可以解决。【考点】交际用语。【模拟试题】1.【2012 潍坊一模】 So you missed the lecture given by the famous professor. I got t

43、here 10 minutes before it finished.A. Not at allB. Not exactlyC. Not especially D. Not really【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。由答语的第二句"I got there 10 minutes before it finished ,可以看出答话者认为对方所说的“you missed the lecture,不'完全正确，所以用 not exactly。2.12012 四川自贡高三二诊】-Are you glad to hear from her?一 Of course.I dreamed

44、about her several nights.A. What's more B. That is to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not【答案】D【解析】考查情景对话。句意：一你愿意收到她的信吗？一当然。信不信由你，我梦到她好几晚上了。What' s more另'外"；that is to say 那就是说"；in other words 换句话说"；believe it or not信不蓿由你”。3.12012 金华十校期末】一Ken, but your radio is going

45、too loud . Oh, I'm sorry . I'll turn it down right nowA . I hate to say itB. It doesn't hurt to askC. I'm really tired of itD. I'm crazy about it【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。由but后面的句子可以看出，这是在委婉的提出要求，所以用：I hateto say it我实在不想说（但又不得不说）。4.12012 泰安期末】一 Let ' s go to a movie after work OK?A . N

46、ot at a11. B . Never mind . C. Why not? D. You' re welcome【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。句意：-下班后我们去看电影好吗？-好呀！ Not at a11点也不Never mind 没关系"；Why not? 好呀；为什么不那"；You' re welcomed用谢"。Why not?符合句意。5.12012 九江一模】 一Can you help me with the math problem, Dad? . OK, let me think it over .A. I' m fe

47、d up with it .B. I'm stuck.C. I didn't get itD. I can' t find it .【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。I' m fed up with it.我受够了 "； I' m stuck我被困住了 "； I didn ' t get it.我没弄明白"；I can ' t find戏找不到""。从问句中的 Can you help me with the math problem, Dad?看出，是 被困住了”的意思。故选B项。6 .【

48、2012 安徽宿州一次质检】So you missed the lecture given by the famous professor. I got there 10 minutes before it finished.A . Not at allB . Not exactlyC. Not especially D . Not really【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。由答语的第二句 "I got there 10 minutes before it finished ,可以看出 答话者认为对方所说的“you missed the lecture,不'完全正确，所以用

49、 not exactly o7 .【2012 浙江调研】 一I ' ve got something weighing on my mind at the moment. Could you give me some advice?. Tell me all about it and Ican .do what IA. Never mindB. No wayC. No problemD. Forget it【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。说话人想征求对方的建议，根据答语下一句的内容可知对方认为没问题”，故选C表示“乐于相助或事情容易做）没问题”。8 .【2012 枣庄期末】 I hat

50、e it when it rains.! It will be sunny tomorrow.A. Cheer up B. Too bad C. No wayD. I ' m sorry【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。由答语的第二句可以看出，这里是在鼓励对方振作起来，所以用 cheer up。语境为：-我讨厌下雨天。-振作起来，明天就是晴天。9.【2012.02 吉林重点中学适应】一I am so glad I caught you athome. I need your help!Robin?_)A . What's up B. What elseC. How come D.

51、 Why not【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。句意：碰上你在家，我很高兴，我需要你的帮助。 一一怎么了， 罗宾？ what's up怎么了 "，符合句意。what else还有什么"；how come"怎么会 "；why not为什么不呢”。10.12012 南阳期终】-Terry, I need to see a doctor.A . So what B. What elseC. How come D. What for【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。what for相当于what do you see a doctor for?11.【20

52、12 宁德质检】 I'm worried about the interview tomorrow . It's so important to me .Take it easy. A . Congratulations on your success.B. That's really something .C. Chances are slim.D. Everything will work out just fine .【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。由答语( Take it easy)来看，这是在安慰对方，所以选 D ,意思 是：一切都会进行顺利的。12 .【20

53、12 合肥质检】 一A second, please. I have another call coming through. .I'm not in a hurry.A. Enjoy yourself B. Leave me alone C. Do as you like D. Take your time【答案】D【解析】由下文的I'm not in a hurry.(我不着急)”可以看出，四个选项中只有 Take your time 符合语境，语境为：慢慢来，不急。13 .【2012.02 桐乡模拟】 一You won ' t believe it, Tom. I

54、 was chosen as an exchange student to China.D. You did a good job Congratulations!A. That ' s something B. That ; s all right C. You got it【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。something在这里意思是：了不起的（人或事）。句意为：你或许不相信，我被选为到中国的交流生了。一祝贺你，太了不起了。14 .12012 南阳期终】-Excuse me, dad, but I ' m going to the club to meet my friends in the football team .-OK.A. Good luck B. Congratulations C. With pleasure D. Have fun【答