PETS三级写作专题

1、考点：考点： 1. 1. 命题化作文命题化作文 2. 2. 图表作文图表作文 3. 3. 信件作文信件作文 任考两种，进行组合，必然有任考两种，进行组合，必然有信件题。信件题。命题化作文命题化作文 正反观点对比题目 现象作文 正反观点对比题目模版 第一段一般只写三句。 第一句：It is widely believed by many people for some time that . 第二句：One reason they think is that. 第三句：The other reason they hold is that. 第二段一般只写三句。 第一句：While others

2、argue that . 第二句：They maintain that. 第三句：They also claim that. meaningful 正反观点对比题目模版 第三段写四句。 第一句：From what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion that . 第二句：On the one hand, . 第三句：On the other hand, . 第四句：Only in this way can we .现象作文模版第一段只写两句：第一句：In recent years, there has been第二句：

3、How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people. 第二段只写四句：第一句：What has caused this problem? It seems that there are reasons.第二句：Firstly, as we see, more and more people own private cars ,so car emission is the main cause of air pollution.第三句：Secondly,it is a pity that ., cause water

4、 pollution.第四句：Finally, dont realize how it is important to protect our environment . 第三段只写四句： 第一句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people. 第二句：For one thing, 第三句：For another, government should take action/measures to prevent pollution 第四句：Only in this way can we successful

5、ly solve the problem. Part I 定义定义：应用、实用、简易写作 考点考点：基础语言+规范格式+信息点+语言点 理论：格式理论：格式 正式文体，非正式文体正式文体，非正式文体 数据：数据：100（30）字、）字、8句话、句话、3段式；段式； 15-20分钟、分钟、10分题分题 类型：类型： 邀请信、祝贺信、感谢信、推荐信、介绍信、邀请信、祝贺信、感谢信、推荐信、介绍信、 申请信、求职信、询问信、投诉信、私人信函、申请信、求职信、询问信、投诉信、私人信函、 通知、便签及便条等通知、便签及便条等 参考范文 ： 邀请信邀请信： Im pleased to invite you

6、 to attend Its my pleasure/a great honor to We are looking forward to seeing you. We sincerely hope you could come. I hope you wont decline my invitation. 祝贺信祝贺信： Im delighted to hear that you Congratulations on your Accept my heartiest congratulations on Best wishes for continued progress and succe

7、ss. We are all proud of you! 感谢信感谢信 常用句型常用句型： I am grateful to you for I can never thank you enough. It was really kind and generous of you . Many thanks for your kindness and hospitality. Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you. Please accept my sincere appreciation for ： I would like

8、 to apply for admission to your college. I hope you will kindly send me an application form. I would greatly appreciate receiving copies of the required application forms and instructions 常用句型常用句型： I wish to apply for the position of which you advertised in . I have been working in since my graduati

9、on, and have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field. Hoping that my qualifications will meet your favorable consideration. Looking forward to your reply . I would be grateful if I have an opportunity to talk with you. Directions: (15 minutes)Two months ago you got a job as

10、an editor for the magazine Designs & fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision stating your reason (s), and making an apology. Write your letter with about 100 words. Do not sign your na

11、me at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) Dear Mr. Wang,I would like to inform you that I will be resigning as theeditor of Designs & Fashions. I have been employed fromNovember, 2004. I plan to leave on Jan.31, 2005.Thank you very much f

12、or having given me this opportunity tobe an editor of such a respected magazine. However, I find that theworking style in the fashion circle is totally different from what Ihave experienced before, and I find it very challenging tocommunicate with those fashion designers and people in thefashion cir

13、cle. Besides, working overtime frequently makes itimpossible to keep myself healthy and energetic, which I believe isnot beneficial to the magazine.Please accept my apology for any inconvenience caused bymy resignation. Yours faithfully, Li Ming真题演练真题演练 （2007年年9月）小作文：月）小作文： 你在旅游途中感冒了，幸亏导你在旅游途中感冒了，幸亏

14、导游照顾你，你写信给旅行社领游照顾你，你写信给旅行社领导表示感谢。导表示感谢。 ：120（40）字、 12句话、4段式20-25分钟、20分题：提纲；图画 + 提纲； 1.图表 + 提纲 认真审题认真审题 列出提纲列出提纲 快速写作快速写作 增添亮点增添亮点 修改誊正修改誊正 图画式作文图画式作文 之 反映现实，表赞成型反映现实，表赞成型： Part 1As is shown in the picture,No one can deny thatTo take for example Part 2There are several causes for. Firstly,Secondly,Fi

15、nally ( 2 paragraphs) Part 3Thus, these are the reasons why we must图画式作文图画式作文 之 揭露现实，表反驳型揭露现实，表反驳型： Part 1It can be seen from the cartoon/picture thatNowadays there is much discussion as to the phenomenon thatThis is indeed a problem that we should not neglect any more. Part 2There are many reasons

16、for the problem. In the first placeSecondlyWhats more/ far as I am concerned ( 2 paragraphs) Part 3From what has been discussed above, we may see that it is time for us to take measures toThe first step is And thenLast but not least,或者 To summarizehas already caused public attention. And we should t

17、ake effective measures suggested above to 对某一现象，自我表态型对某一现象，自我表态型 Part 1 As can be seen in the picture Part 2Different people, however, have different opinions on this matter. Some think that Others argue thatThere is no doubt thatFor exampleAs a consequence, Part 3As far as I am concerned, I support

18、 the view thatbecause. So my conclusion is that 书写差，无美感，看不清，无法读下去；书写差，无美感，看不清，无法读下去；不通顺，不通顺，“三无三无”：无段落、无结构、无明显：无段落、无结构、无明显主题；主题；笑料多，出现很多基本语法错误，拼写错误；笑料多，出现很多基本语法错误，拼写错误；不达意，词汇量很小词不达意，缺乏表达能不达意，词汇量很小词不达意，缺乏表达能力；力；乱堆砌，不像一篇文章，仅是把一些不连贯乱堆砌，不像一篇文章，仅是把一些不连贯的词语拼凑到一起的词语拼凑到一起; 写作要求精练，因为，简洁的表达能起到更加强调的作用。我们要写出效果好

19、、影响大的文章，就要想方设法1）避免使用空洞、多余的短语；2）避免过多地使用较长的句子结构，如并列句和从属句等；3）避免不必要的重复。请看下面各例： 1）Owing to the fact that I had a lot of work to do, it wasnt possible for me to accept their invitation. 本句要表达的意思很简单，可是一堆空洞的短语使句子显得很累赘，改为下面的句子就简洁明了多了。 I was too busy to accept their invitation. 2) My hometown is a quiet, peac

20、eful place. It is quiet and peaceful because of the small number of people living there. 有时为了构成平行的句子结构或达到强调的目的，我们会重复使用某些词语。但是，无目的地重复会导致笨拙。所以本句可改为： My hometown is a quiet, peaceful place because of the small number of people. 写作时要吸引读者的兴趣，句子就需生动、充满活力。平淡无味的句子会使人生厌，注意力分散。但要写出生动的句子就必须注意做到： 1. 交错使用长短句交错使用

21、长短句 长句和短句各有各的特点，各有各的用场。长句结构复杂、容量大，能表达比较复杂的内容，叙事具体、说理严密。短句结构简单、短小精悍、明白易懂。在写作中应当交错使用长句和短句，使句子的长短多样化，增加语言的表现力。请看下面的一段话： I returned to my room. There was a note under my door. It was from Bob. He said he was in the town looking for a job. He hadnt found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have m

22、issed me. 这里出现的是一连串的短句，读起来使人感到单调乏味，而且各句之间所固有的逻辑关系没能用句法手段表达出来。为了使文字更为生动，意义更加明确，可做如下改动： When I returned to my room, I found a note from Bob under the door. He said he was in the town looking for a job, but hadnt found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have missed me. (2) 既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式既可以用肯定

23、式也可以用否定式, 例如: 例1： I shall go there unless it rains. I shall go there if it doesnt rain. 例2：Their daily lives dont provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy. Their daily lives fail to provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy. 2.灵活使用多样句式灵活使用多样句式 要达到语言的生动性，写作时就要经常地变换句

24、型和句子结构及表达思想的方式。切忌所有的句子都用相同的句型或句子结构，使文章读起来单调乏味。 在考虑英语句式的变化时, 我们一般从以下几个方面入手: (1) 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式, 例如: 例1：Today, we use machines not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well. Today machines are widely used not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well. 例2

25、：Some people believe that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future. It is believed by some people that it will be possible for automatic machines to be replaced completely in the future. (3) 某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用在后面在后面, 还可以用在中间还可以用在中间, 例如例如: 例例1

26、：With a car, people can get around freely. People can get around freely with a car. 例例2：In fact, speaking is one of the most important means of communication. Speaking is in fact one of the most important means of communication. (4) 既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序, 例如: 例1：A new type of TV set was a

27、mong the products on display. Among the products on display was a new type of TV set. 例2：We did not realize the problem of energy crisis until the end of last century. Not until the end of last century did we realize the problem of energy crisis. (5) 既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复合句合句, 例如: 例

28、1：Nowadays a lot of people work in office, spending most of their time indoors. Nowadays a lot of people work in office and they spend most of their time indoors. 例2：There are many means of getting information and they enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world. There are many means of

29、getting information which enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world. 3.恰当使用英语习语恰当使用英语习语 写作时适当地使用习语、成语等也是使语言生动活泼的好办法。如： Once a man is dead, there is no helping; you cant rekindle the spark of life in him. 本句中的there is no helping是汉语式的英语，不符合英语的习惯说法。这里虽然用了比喻，但更改了原来的主语，句子显得罗嗦、笨拙。如果改成下面的习惯表达

30、，句子变得既简洁又生动。 Once a man is dead, he cant be brought back to life. 再如The committee refused to listen to our request. 如果被改成 The committee turned a deaf ear to our request. 句子生动，增加了文采。 句式多样化是英语作文取得高分的灵丹句式多样化是英语作文取得高分的灵丹妙药，一定要勤学苦练，掌握这一招。妙药，一定要勤学苦练，掌握这一招。另外，在使用一些修辞方法和英语习语另外，在使用一些修辞方法和英语习语的时候，要注意尽量避免老套的比喻

31、或的时候，要注意尽量避免老套的比喻或尽人皆知的习语。尽人皆知的习语。建议建议 熟悉模板熟悉模板 熟读范文熟读范文 练练书写练练书写 写写新鲜话题关键句写写新鲜话题关键句 背诵背诵20例精彩首尾段例精彩首尾段 收集收集10句名言或流行语句名言或流行语 With the economic globalization becoming increasingly intensive，invention or innovation has become one of central topic around the world. Many countries see it as the key to develop their economy. Our government， with no exception，regard it as “ the soul of our nation.” What， however，can we benefit from it？ First of all，invention or innovation can enhance overall national economy，which is important