我的Unit5_Theme_parks构词法

1、Grammar构词法构词法 英语构词法(Word Formation)常用的构词法常用的构词法: 1. 合成合成(Compounding) 2. 转化转化(Conversion) 3. 派生派生(Derivation)Compounding（合成）（合成）由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。1.用用“-”符号连接，如：符号连接，如：bank-note, hiding-place, reading-room,day-dream, good-looking, ready-made2.直接写在一起直接写在一起 ，如：，如：classroom,blackboard,cowb

2、oy,however,playground,myself,eggplant3.分开写，分开写，如：如：air conditioner，blood pressure，solar system, credit card, fast food, central bank 1. Make compound words after the models. A: part, long, passer, film, short, well, cold, baby, get, low, world B: by, known, time, maker, wave, famous, sitter, term, t

3、ogether, lying, blooded Model: part + time = part-timePractice 2. Fill in the blanks with the words above. 1) Its a good idea to start a _ job to make extra money. 2) Its necessary to use a _ radio to pick up the program. 3) Walt Disney, the great _, was born in Chicago in 1901.part-timeshort-wavefi

4、lm-maker4) The Dead Sea is very _, at around 395 meters below sea level.5) Were having a little _ to celebrate his birthday.6) They often perform in the streets for the _.7) Im sure you will be _ soon.low-lyingget-togetherpassers-bywell-known 3. Make compound words after the models. Model: bed + clo

5、thes = bedclothes A: book, boy, sea, fire, over, under, friend, sun, court, day, wide B: mark, side, burnt, friend, light, yard, fighter, ground, coat, ship, spread1) The fire lasted about 4 hours before the _ could control it.2) At school she formed a close _ with several other girls. 3) They decid

6、e to spend their holiday at the _.4) He put on a hat and _ before he went out.firefightersfriendship4. Fill in the blanks with the words above.seasideovercoat5). Lucy enjoys travelling by _. Thats how she goes to work every day.6). The children are playing happily in the _.undergroundcourtyard Conve

7、rsion(转化）：一个单词由一种词性转转化）：一个单词由一种词性转 化为另一种或几种词性。化为另一种或几种词性。 (1) vn : (2) nv : (3) adjv: (4) advv:charge (v)charge (n)hand (n)hand (v)clean (adj)clean (v)down (adv)down (v)注意：词性转化后，有些单词读音会发生变注意：词性转化后，有些单词读音会发生变化：化：p91.Derivation（派生）（派生）: 1) 前缀前缀: (1) dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear (2) in-(il-, im-,

8、 ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular, (3) un-: unhappy, unable, unfit, 由一个词根加上前缀或由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另外一个词。后缀构成另外一个词。1)前缀前缀(prefix)一般不造成词类的转变一般不造成词类的转变, 只是引起意思只是引起意思的变化的变化.Lets look at some examples!由一个词根加上前缀或后由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另外一个词。缀构成另外一个词。Derivation（派生）（派生）: 一、否定前缀一、否定前缀前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例词例词dis-不，相反，不，相反

9、，取消，分离取消，分离加在名词或加在名词或动词前动词前dishonour, dislike, un-不，未不，未not加在形容词加在形容词或动词前或动词前unable,unfairnon-不，无不，无加在动词或加在动词或名词前名词前nonsmoker, nonexistencemis-错，误错，误加在动词或加在动词或名词前名词前mistake, misfortune, misread前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例词例词im-不不, 非非(= not) 用在字母用在字母b,m,p之前之前Imbalance, immoral, impossibleir-不，非不，非用在字母用在字母r之前之前ir

10、regular（不规则的）il-不，非不，非用在字母用在字母l之前之前illegal（不合法的）illogical（不合逻辑的）in-不，非不，非用在其他用在其他字母之前字母之前injustice（不公平的）incorrectGuess the meaning!dis + ability(能力） dis + order（顺序）un+limitted（有限的）in + human（人类）im+moral（道德）ir + relative（有关的）il + legal （合法的）mis+doing （做）mis+trust（信任）non+smoking（吸烟）non+stop（停止）disabil

11、ity 无能的，残疾的无能的，残疾的disorder 无序的无序的unlimitted 无限的无限的inhuman 不人道的不人道的immoral 不道德的不道德的irrelative 无关的无关的illegal 不合法的不合法的misdoing 做坏事做坏事mistrust 不信任不信任nonsmoking 不吸烟的不吸烟的nonstop 不停止的；直达的不停止的；直达的其他前缀其他前缀前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词en-致使致使.、使之如使之如.加在名词、加在名词、形容词前形容词前enable , endanger , enlarge , enrich , enslave mul

12、ti- 多多的，的，多样的多样的加在名词、加在名词、动词前动词前multicultural,multichannel,前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词tele-远的，远的，远距离远距离的的加在名词加在名词telephone,television,telescopekilo- 千千加在表示加在表示单位的词单位的词前前kilogram, kilometer,前前 缀缀 意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词re- 再，又；再，又；重；回重；回加在名词、加在名词、动词前动词前return，review，reunion，restartGuess the meaning!dis + ability(能力

13、） dis + order（顺序）un+limitted（有限的）in + human（人类）im+moral（道德）ir + relative（有关的）il + legal （合法的）mis+doing （做）mis+trust（信任）non+smoking（吸烟）non+stop（停止）disability 无能的，残疾的无能的，残疾的disorder 无序的无序的unlimitted 无限的无限的inhuman 不人道的不人道的immoral 不道德的不道德的irrelative 无关的无关的illegal 不合法的不合法的misdoing 做坏事做坏事mistrust 不信任不信任no

14、nsmoking 不吸烟的不吸烟的nonstop 不停止的；直达的不停止的；直达的en + chain（锁链） en + cage（笼子）tele + fax（传真）tele + focus （聚焦）re+arrange （安排）re+appear（出现）multi+media（媒体）multi+form（形式）kilo+litre（升）kilo+watt （瓦）enchain 用链锁住用链锁住encage 关入笼子关入笼子telefax远程传真远程传真telefocus远距离聚焦远距离聚焦rearrange重新安排重新安排reappear重现重现multimeia多媒体多媒体multifor

15、m多种多样的多种多样的kilolitre千升千升kilowatt千瓦千瓦2）后缀）后缀1.动词后加-able, -ible, -ble (构成形容词) 可的acceptable 可以接受的;comfortable 舒适的eatable 可吃的 suitable 合适的 visible可见的，impossible不可能的2.-ful (构成形容词)有某种特质:useful 有用; thankful 感谢的; beautiful 美丽的3. 动词加-er -or (构成名词)使动者: rider骑自行车的人;painter画家; builder 建造者 ,visitor(参观者），translat

16、or(翻译）4. . -ese (构成形容词或名词)来自某一地方 Japanese 日本的; 日语; 日本人; Chinese 中国的; 汉语; 中国人5. -ess (构成名词)干某事作为职业的女性 waitress女服务员; actress 女演员 6.-ian(构成名词)干某事为职业或兴趣的人historian 历史学家; politician 政治家7.-ify (构成动词)产生某种状态或特质 beautify 美化;simplify 简化; purify 净化8.-ish (构成形容词) English 英国人的; Polish 波兰人的; foolish 愚蠢;babyish 婴儿

17、般的;longish 颇长的;youngish 颇年轻的9. -less (构成形容词)没有的hopeless 绝望的; friendless 没有朋友的10. -ment (构成名词)指状态、行动或特质development 发展; arrangement 安排achievement 成就11. 名词加-y (构成形容词)具有所提及的事物的特质cloudy 多云的; rainy 多雨的; thirsty 口渴的12. 形容词加-ly (构成副词) 以某种方式: badly 不好; completely 完全地1. He was one of the best _ in yesterdays

18、football match. (play)2. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! (happy)3. It snowed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)4. Edison was a great _. During his life he had many _. (invent)players happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练构词法精练 Use the appropriate form of the words to fi

19、ll in the blanks.5. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）7. Please give me some reference work. It will _ my task. (simple)8. The boy had the _ of being half starved. (appear)9. The police have _ a plot against the President. (cover)10. The doctor said that Marys mothe

20、r needed an _.(operate) foreigners simplify appearance uncovered operation 11. She hoped that her son would become a _. (music)12. Few _ words made us excited. (speak)14. Thank you for your _. (kind)15. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their

21、 college _ . (expensive)16. Most international _ letters are written in English, too. (busy)musician spoken kindness expenses business 17. The boy noticed an _ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say anything about it. (correct)18. When in Rome, do as the _ do. (Rome)19. The teacher was pleased wit