非限制性定语从句

1、1 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Revision关系代词关系代词: :that,that, which,which, who(m), whose, who(m), whose, 关系副词关系副词: : when, where, whywhen, where, why1.The girl _ is speaking is my best friend.2.He read the book _ his sister had told him about. 3.Ill never forget the day _I played there.4. The school _I learned En

2、glish was very large.5. The car, _ window was broken, belonged to him.who/thatwhich/that/省略省略whenwhere关系词的选择关系词的选择找出先行词找出先行词把先行词放到从句中把先行词放到从句中, ,看做什么成分看做什么成分whose定语从句的分类定语从句的分类: :定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive ClauseThe Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive

3、The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause Clause 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1.My sister who is a teacher likes singing.我那个当老师的姐姐很爱唱歌我那个当老师的姐姐很爱唱歌（隐含意义为：我不止一个姐姐，可能还有另外（隐含意义为：我不止一个姐姐，可能还有另外的不是老师的姐姐）的不是老师的姐姐）2. My sister, who is a teacher, likes singing. 我姐姐很爱唱歌，我姐姐很爱唱歌，她是个老师她是个老师。Observe and Compare them非限制性定从只是起到

4、补充说明的作用，非限制性定从只是起到补充说明的作用，通常译成主句的并列句通常译成主句的并列句限制性定从起到修饰限制的作用限制性定从起到修饰限制的作用（隐含意义为：我只有一个姐姐（隐含意义为：我只有一个姐姐)1.This gift was the Amber Room, 1.This gift was the Amber Room, which which was given this name because. was given this name because. L2-3L2-32. However, the next King of Prussia, 2. However, the n

5、ext King of Prussia, Frederick I, Frederick I, to whom to whom the amber room the amber room belonged , decided not to keep it. belonged , decided not to keep it. L8-9L8-93.There is no doubt that the boxes 3.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for were then put on a train for K

6、onigsburg, Konigsburg, whichwhich was at that time a was at that time a German city. German city. L22L22课文句子课文句子先行词是先行词是独一无二的人、事物或具体的地名时独一无二的人、事物或具体的地名时，必须加逗号，必须加逗号，非限制性定语从句的作用是补充说非限制性定语从句的作用是补充说明，而不是修饰限制。明，而不是修饰限制。如：如：Yaoming, his father, my wife, the Yaoming, his father, my wife, the sun, the moon

7、, the west lake, Xinyi sun, the moon, the west lake, Xinyi Middle school, China, Shanghai,Middle school, China, Shanghai,Are they right?Are they right?I went to Beijing which is the capital of I went to Beijing which is the capital of China.China.I went to the city which is the capital of I went to

8、the city which is the capital of China.China.，1.Obama whose father is a black person dreamed about becoming a president when he was a child.2. After he graduated form Harvard Law School where he received his doctors degree, he devoted himself in politics.，定语从句在写作中的误用：定语从句在写作中的误用：上周人物介绍的作文中出现频率很高的句子上

9、周人物介绍的作文中出现频率很高的句子观察下面的句子观察下面的句子1).All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.2).Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, isour new teacher.3).He lives in the city, where there is a high tower.4) Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 但也有特殊

10、情况但也有特殊情况引导限制性定从引导限制性定从 & & 非限制性定语从句时，非限制性定语从句时，关系代词和关系副词关系代词和关系副词的用法大体相同。的用法大体相同。Do the exercise and compare the sentencesa.This is the book _he lost yesterday. The book, _he lost yesterday, has been found. which/that/省略省略whichb. I have told them the reason_ I didnt attend the meeting. I ha

11、ve told them the reason, _ I didnt attend the meeting.why/ for which for which 小结：小结：非限制性定语从句使用关系词时应注意的问题：非限制性定语从句使用关系词时应注意的问题：1). 1). 不能不能用用 thatthat引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句。2).2).关系代词就算在句子中作宾语也不可以省略。关系代词就算在句子中作宾语也不可以省略。3.).3.).先行词先行词 reasonreason作状语时关系词不能用作状语时关系词不能用whywhy 引导引导, , 应用应用for whichfor whi

12、ch代替。代替。难点突破一：难点突破一：which which 的使用的使用用法小结：用法小结：1. which 除了指代前面的先行词，也可以指代除了指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义，前面整句的含义，译译“这这” 或或 “这件事这件事” 。2、which 指代前面整个句子时，指代前面整个句子时， 必须加逗号隔必须加逗号隔开，开， 而且后面的谓语动词用单数形式。而且后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1. Tom doesnt like to ask questions which make his parents angry.2. Tom doesnt like to ask question

13、s, which makes his parents angry.使父母生气的问题使父母生气的问题这事使父母生气这事使父母生气Translation1.1.Tom Tom 再次迟到，这使得老师再次迟到，这使得老师 非常生气。非常生气。2.2.这个男孩昨晚都没回家，这使得他的父母很担这个男孩昨晚都没回家，这使得他的父母很担心。心。Tom was late for school again, which made his teacher very angry.The boy didnt go home last night, which made hisparents worried.1)1) _

14、 we know, smoking is harmful to _ we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. ones health. 2)He said he had no bike, _was not 2)He said he had no bike, _was not true.true.3) He came home late, _ we had 3) He came home late, _ we had expected.expected.AsAswhichwhichasas和和whichwhich指代整个主句时指代整个主句时; ; a

15、sas一般放在一般放在_意为意为_;_; whichwhich只能放在只能放在_,_,意为意为_._.难点突破二：难点突破二： as, which as, which 引导非限定性定语从句引导非限定性定语从句 句首或句中句首或句中句中句中正如正如这，这件事这，这件事 （=this)=this)asas1.China has many rivers. The longest of 1.China has many rivers. The longest of _is the Yangtze River. _is the Yangtze River.2.China has many rivers

16、and the 2.China has many rivers and the longestlongestof _is the Yangtze River.of _is the Yangtze River.3.China has many rivers, the longest of 3.China has many rivers, the longest of _ is the Yangtze River._ is the Yangtze River.whichwhichthemthemthemthem难点突破三：人称代词难点突破三：人称代词oror关系代词？关系代词？填代词的填代词的ti

17、ps:关键要分清到底是简单句，并列句，复合句关键要分清到底是简单句，并列句，复合句-当两个简单句由当两个简单句由and 或或but连接时，可根据连接时，可根据上下文考虑适当的上下文考虑适当的人称代词人称代词。如没有并列连词，。如没有并列连词，就必须考虑用相应的就必须考虑用相应的关系代词关系代词。1.There are four students in the classroom, and none of _ are working hard. 2. There are four students in the classroom, none of _are working hard.themt

18、hemwhomwhomExerciseExerciseCorrection1.They talked about a movie, the name 1.They talked about a movie, the name of it Ive never forgottenof it Ive never forgotten 2. The moon which doesnt give out 2. The moon which doesnt give out light itself is only a satellite of the light itself is only a satel

19、lite of the earthearth3. He came to my birthday party which 3. He came to my birthday party which I didnt expect at allI didnt expect at all whichwhich, , , ,先行词是独一无二的事物先行词是独一无二的事物which which 指代整件事指代整件事, , 必须加逗号必须加逗号 Adam and Rose are good friends, Adam and Rose are good friends, _fans are friendly.

20、 _is reported in _fans are friendly. _is reported in the newspapers, they got married last the newspapers, they got married last year. They invited many good friends year. They invited many good friends and relatives to their wedding, and relatives to their wedding, most of most of _are famous stars

21、. They have are famous stars. They have gone to many places during their gone to many places during their honeymoon, honeymoon, one of _one of _is Hawaii, is Hawaii, _they want to go very much. _they want to go very much. However, they divorce each other a However, they divorce each other a year after their marriage, _is year after their marriage, _is unexpected.unexpected.语法填空（定语从句的引导词）语法填空（定语从句的引导词） whosewhoseAsAswhomwhomwhichwhichwherewherewhichwhichSummary1.1.凡是先行词是凡是先行词是独一无二的人、事物或具体的地独一无二的人、事物或具体的地名时名时，用逗号隔开，用逗号隔开， 用非限制性定语从句用非限制性定语从句2.2.非限制性定语从句使用