第二部分 基础保分篇 第一讲ppt课件

1、12345671不可数名词与可数名词的转化(1)表示种类时：various fruits(各种水果)。(2)表示“一场/段/件时：a timely rain(一场及时雨)。(3)表示“一杯/罐/瓶的tea，coffee，beer等：two beers(两杯啤酒)。(4)表示不赞同思时：room房间(可数)；余地，空间(不可数)。留意有些不可数名词无论什么情况下也没有复数方式，即使受描画词修饰也不能加不定冠词，可称作“绝对不可数名词。例如：fun，housework，homework，advice，information，news，progress，equipment，furniture，bag

2、gage/luggage，jewellery，machinery等。82笼统名词详细化表示某种特性、形状、情感、心情的笼统名词，可以详细化为可数名词，表示这样的“人或物。常见的有：9103.详细名词笼统化详细名词可以部分丧失其普通意义，具有笼统名词的特征，因此无单复数方式。(1)by后跟表示交通工具一类的名词，名词笼统化表概念，名词前无限定词，也不用复数；否那么要用相应的介词。如：by bus/car/train/bikeon a bus/in a car/on the train等。(2)在go to school/church/hospital和at school, in prison等短

3、语中，名词笼统化表示概念。114ofuse/value/help/difference/importance/benefit等某些笼统名词，其含义相当于对应的描画词useful，valuable，helpful，different，important，beneficial在句中可作定语、表语、补语等。The book is of great use.(The book is very useful.)这本书很有用。(表语)This is a book of great use.这是一本非常有用的书。(定语)I find the book of great use.我觉得这本书非常有用。(宾补)

4、125名词前的修饰语。(1)several，(a) few，many，many a，a great/good many，a large number of，scores of，dozens of等只能修饰可数名词；除many a后接单数可数名词外，其他要接复数名词。(2)a bit of，(a) little(少)，much，a great deal of，a large amount of等只能修饰不可数名词。(3)some，any，plenty of，a lot of，lots of，a large quantity of，quantities of，masses of等既可修饰可数名词的

5、复数，也可修饰不可数名词。13读语篇，悟语法。反复朗诵以下短文，领悟画线黑体之名词的类别。Born on August 23, 1988 in America1, Jeremy ShuHow Lin2 is a professional basketball3 player4 with the Huston Rockets of5 the National Basketball Association6 (NBA). But, to some degree, many Chinese fans7 and coaches8 take him as a Chinese guy or at leas

6、t are willing to imagine him as a Chinese9 just because he has a typical Chinese face and his parents10 were born in China. Jeremy Lin has recently become a success11 and attracted the worlds12 attention, which gives Chinese people13 a lot of imagination14 and pride. As we know, in most peoples eyes

7、15, Jeremy is a miracle1614In June, 2021, when Jeremy took his third trip17 to China, a large crowd came to meet him，among whom there were various fans including some families18，some children19 and even some women players20. They brought cameras21 to take photos22 with their idol. Jeremy had fun23 w

8、ith his supporters and expected to come back again.151专有名词表示地点，第一个字母要大写。2专有名词表示人名。3名词作定语，修饰另一名词。又如a book store。4表示职业或职位的单数可数名词player作表语，前面用不定冠词，表示“一个。5. 因the Huston Rockets和the National Basketball Association都是由普通名词构成的专有名词；of the National Basketball Association是名词一切格，因无生命的东西的名词一切格普通用“of名词表示，又如：the c

9、over of the book(书的封面)。166专有名词表示事物，这里指美国职业篮球联盟，常缩写为NBA。7fans为fan的复数方式，可数名词的复数方式普通在后面直接加s。8coaches为coach的复数方式，以s，x，sh，ch结尾的可数名词，复数方式加es。又如boxes，dishes，buses等。9句中a Chinese是名词作补语。Chinese指中国人，这里为单数；但它的复数与单数同形，类似的单词有deer，sheep，fish，aircraft，means，works，Japanese等。10“描画词性物主代词名词表示“某人的。1711这里的a success为笼统名词详

10、细化，指“一个胜利人士。12有生命的人或物的一切格，普通用“名词s表示。又如the teachers name。13people为集体名词，表示复数意义。又如police，class，group等。14不可数名词imagination作宾语，在a lot of，some，any等限定词后面通常接名词。15名词eyes作介词in的宾语。16在冠词(a，an，the)后通常应有名词。17在序数词后通常加名词。1818families为family的复数方式，以辅音字母加y结尾的名词复数方式是变y为i再加es。又如countrycountries。19children为child的复数方式，属于不规

11、那么变化。又如oxoxen。20man或woman两个词作定语时，其单、复数与所修饰的名词的单、复数一致。又如three men teachers。21个体名词，表示某类人或东西中的个体。又如computer。1922photos为photo的复数方式，以o结尾的词普通加s。在中学英语里，以o结尾有生命的名词，如hero，tomato，potato，其复数是加es。23笼统名词表示形状、质量、感情等笼统概念。又如anger。20.完成句子(填入括号内词的正确方式)1Two _(month) ago，three _(hero) caught four _(thief)They made them

12、 plant some _(potato) and _(bamboo) in two _(zoo)They also made their _(wife) return the four big _(box) with some precious _(photo) and _(brush) in them.monthsheroesthievespotatoesbambooszooswivesboxesphotosbrushes212Two _(editorinchief)，three _(man teacher) and five _(woman doctor)，together with t

13、heir _(child)，went to the market.They decided to buy two _(sheep)，three _(deer)，four _(ox)，five _(goose)and six white _(mouse) with three _(foot) and six _(tooth)Editorsinchiefmen teacherswomen doctorschildrensheepdeeroxengeesemicefeetteeth22.单句填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确方式。)1Always remember to put su

14、ch dangerous things as _(knife) out of childrens reach.2In my opinion, it is wrong to cheat in _(examine) because it breaks the rules of schools.3In my opinion, no one agrees that a _(wealth) person without good health can be happy.So, just do our best and keep fit.4Upon _(arrive), we began to work

15、immediately.knivesexaminationswealthyarrival235There are more visible changes in our gestures and facial _(express)6Lang Lang is a worldclass young _(piano) who grew up in Shenyang.单句改错(以下每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的添加、删除或修正，请指出并矫正。)1I have only been there a couple of time._2When you visit London, one of t

16、he first thing you will see is Big Ben._3Mr. Wang gave us some advices on how to remember English words._expressionspianisttimetimesthingthingsadvicesadvice244I have no time to take exercise because I have a lot of homeworks to do. _5This happened four and a half century ago._6More care would insure

17、 you against making so much mistakes._7Its about an hour drive from here to my office._8Li Ming, a threeyearsold boy, is very lovely._9We are having dinner at my aunt tonight._10In our school, there is a new lab building with lots of teaching equipments in it. _homeworkshomeworkcenturycenturiesmuchm

18、anyhourhoursthreeyearsoldthreeyearoldauntauntsequipmentsequipment25.语篇填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确方式。)A high school history teacher once told us, “ If you make one close friend in school, you will be most lucky.1._ true friend is someone who stays with you for life. Experience shows that he was right.G

19、ood 2._ (friend) are just not easily formed.26To most of us, friendships are thought very important, but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be close or kept at arms 3._ (long)? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people，many friends

20、hips on the surface are quite enough and thats all right. But at some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as our 4._ (friend) expectations.The sharing of 5._ (person) experience is the surest way 6._ (deepen) friendships.But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only

21、if there are signs of interest and action in return.27What are some of the difficulties in forming friendship? The greatest is to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time.7._ main difficulty is the 8._ (selfish) to think one “owns the other, including his time and attention. Similarly，

22、friendships need actions in return. In other words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of each other.9._ you spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone，writing 10._ (letter) or doing things together，friendships will die away.28【语篇导读】本文主要讲如何加深友谊(ho

23、w to deepen friendships)。1A由语境可知，此处指类别，泛指“一个真正的朋友，故填不定冠词A。2friendships在句中作主语，用名词方式；又根据谓语动词are formed是复数及搭配可知，作主语的复数名词该当是“友谊，而不是“朋友，故填friendships。3length在名词一切格后，要用名词方式。keep sb at arms length意为“不使本人太接近某人；与某人坚持间隔。4friends根据语境，该当指“我们的朋友的，该当用复数方式的一切格，故填friends。5personal在名词前作定语，用描画词方式。296to deepen在way后用不定

24、式作定语。7Another根据前面的The greatest和后面的Finally可知，此处是指多者中的“另一个，故填another。8selfishness在冠词后，要用名词。9Unless根据“you spend.和“friendships will die away两个句子的逻辑关系可知，应填unless引导条件状语从句。10letters名词作宾语。由于是可数名词，且没有限定词，故用复数。30第二课时高考研讨课名词在语法填空中的调查点规律方法1由位置知词性：假设所给名词处于主语或宾语的位置，那么思索运用名词的适当方式。2由语境定词形：语境中含有下面要素时，经常运用名词的复数方式：含有o

25、ne of；含有few, several, many, all, both等词；所填空后的谓语动词运用复数方式；运用名词的复数方式表示一类。311It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. (2021全国卷)2This development was only possible with the _(introduce) of electricpowered e

26、ngines and lifts.(2021全国卷)真题验证1crowds根据空前面的描画词terrible可知此处填名词，crowd表示“人群，是可数名词，前面没有不定冠词a，所以用复数方式。introduction根据空前面的with和定冠词the可知此处需求填名词。with the introduction of表示“随着的引进。323This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side

27、_(effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2021全国卷)4. She is determined to carry on with her _(educate)(2021全国卷)effects此处根据空前面的some以及空后面列举的两个副作用可知，用effect的复数方式。education前面有描画词性物主代词her，此处应该运用动词educate的名词方式education作宾语。335She has turned down

28、 several _(invitation)to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2021全国卷)6Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _(carrot)and was about to throw them away.(2021浙江卷)invitations由于前有several，故应该运用名词复数invitations，表示“约请。carrots根据前面

29、的a handful of可知，此处要用复数方式。347The nursery team switches him every few _(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, the other is with mumshe never suspects.(2021全国卷)8Recent _(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.(2021全国卷)days此处表示每隔几天。stud

30、ies由空前描画词recent断定所填词性为名词；由谓语动词show确定所填名词的方式为复数。359Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _(painting)(2021全国卷)paintingspainting意为“图片，图画，是可数名词，由于其前有so many修饰，故运用其复数方式。36名词在

31、短文改错中的调查点 第一步：寻觅名词； 第二步：以该名词为中心，搜索其辐射区域的关键信息； 第三步：根据所搜索的信息，确定名词的正确方式。其信息方式经常有以下方式：规律方法371运用可数名词的复数方式的相关信息(1)可数名词前面有数词，several, many或复数意义的不定代词(some, both, these)等修饰；(2)通常以复数方式出现的单词；(3)上下文语境暗示应运用可数名词的复数方式；(4)有些名词作为可数名词和不可数名词时意义不同，如可数名词time意为“次数，不可数名词time意为“时间。382运用可数名词单数方式的相关信息(1)不定冠词a/an后用可数名词单数；(2)上

32、下文语境暗示应运用可数名词单数。3. 两类不可数名词(记牢答对)(1)笼统名词不可数；(2)物质名词不可数。391Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.(2021全国卷)_2The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！“Slow down！“Turning left！(2021全国卷)_3If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot

33、 get from books. (2021全国卷)_真题验证2informationsinformationinformation是不可数名词，所以没有复数方式。wordwords根据后面的几处话语可知，此处用word的复数方式。knowledgesknowledgeknowledge是不可数名词，所以没有复数方式。404The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.(2021全国卷)_5When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.(2021浙江卷)_yearyears由“from 13 to 19及谓语were可知此处year应该运用复数方式。childrenchild由children前面的冠词a可知此处应该运用单数方式。416The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.(2021全国卷)_7One day, little Tony went to a shopping center