day 6-2021年高二英语暑假天天练之阅读理解专练

1、Day 6ASurface area(sq mi)Vblume(cu mi)Percentageof totalSalt waterThe oceans139,500,000317,000,00097.2%Inland seas and salinelakes270,00025,0000. 008Fresh waterFreshwater lakes330,00030,0000.009All rivers(average level)3000. 0001Antarctic Icecap6,000,0006,300,0001.9Arctic Icecap and glaciers900,0006

2、80,0000.21Water in the atmosphere197,000,0003,1000.001Ground water within half amile from surface1,000,0000.31Deep-lying ground water1,000,0000.31Total (rounded)326,000,000100.00The Antarctic Icecap is the largest supply of fresh water, representing nearly 2% of the worlds total of fresh and salt wa

3、ter. As can be seen from the table above, the amount of water in our atmosphere is over 10 times as much as the water in all the rivers taken together. The fresh water actually available for human use in lakes and rivers and the accessible ground water amount to only about one-third of 1% of the wor

4、lds total water supply.1. Which two places share equal amount of fresh water?A. Freshwater lakes and all rivers (average level)B. Antarctic Icecap and water in the atmosphereC. Deep-lying ground water and Arctic Icecap and glaciersD. Ground water within half a mile from surface and Deep-lying ground

5、 water2. The fresh water that humans can use is.A. about 1,086,700 cu mi B. about 6,300,000 cu miC. about 680,000 cu mi D. about 2,000,000 cu mi3. Whats the best title of this passage?A. Fresh Water in the World B. Water Supply of the WorldC. Salt Water of the Earth D. Protection of the Water in the

6、 World 【答案解析】1 .D 2. A 3. B这是一篇说明文。本文说明r世界水资源的分布情况，以及淡水和海水的具体的百分比 情况，并详细说明了各种水资源所占的比例等数据。【1题详解】细节理解题。对比表格倒数2、3行中Ground water within half a mile from surface和 Deep-lying ground water.的Fresh water部分可知，这两者淡水水量基本相同。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 The fresh water actually available for human use in lakes and rive

7、rs and the accessible ground water amount to only about one-third of 1% of the world,s total water supply.可知实际上，湖泊和河流中可供人类使用的淡水和可获得的地F水仅占世界总 供水的三分之一。山此可知，全世界水含量是326.000,000,可以饮用的淡水大约有1,086,700 cu mio 故选 A。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据本文说明了世界水资源的分布情况，以及淡水和海水的具体的百分比 情况，并详细说明了各种水资源所占的比例等数据。故B选项“世界的水供应”最符合文章 标题。故选B。BW

8、hen an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico. I didnt check my schedule before I said yes. I,d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before, and I jumped at the chance to go back.While studying, I began exploring Mexico, crossing the country

9、several times by bus. Now 1 work as a photojournalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans. Though necessary and important, news stories dont reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many people 1 love. A task focused on the co

10、untrys natural beauty was a welcome reprieve for me.I had three nights to film the magical scene in the forest. According to our guides, visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits. As I started shooti

11、ng, I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light. In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my tripod （三 脚架）on a steep, rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures. Normally this wouldnt be a big deal, but the fireflies were very interested in the ca

12、mera and, by extension, in me. I stood completely still while they were all over me-my arms, my hair, my face. From what I observed, peak （高峰时期的）firefly presence lasts for only about 20 minutes each night, so I had time for just a few tries.On the last night everything came together. The weather coo

13、perated. I had improved my method for focusing and composing photos in the dark with quick flashes from a powerful flashlightand Id grown accustomed to insects on my face.I was rewarded with the image you see here. Each dot of light is one of several bursts that a firefly makes as it travels within

14、a 30- second exposure. You can track the insects paths: Some make small circles, like those in the bottom center of the frame, while others move steadily in one direction or another.4. How did the author feel about the editors request?A. Nervous B. Delighted C. Confused D. Regretful5. Which of the f

15、ollowing can best replace the underlined word “reprieve“ in paragraph 2?A. Relief B. Return C. Trend D. Victory6. What did the author intend to do during the first two nights?A. Learn about the local travel rules.B. Research the habit of the fireflies.C. Communicate constantly with the guides.D. Fin

16、d the suitable spot and time to take photos.7. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To tell findings about fireflies. B. To share the story behind a photo.C. To record a travelling experience. D. To show the authors working conditions.【答案解析】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个专业摄影师，受一位编辑之

17、托，前去拍摄一篇关于墨西 哥萤火虫的报道，介绍了他拍摄的一张关于萤火虫照片背后的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据笫一段中的、When an editor called to ask if 1 could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico. I didnt check my schedule before I said yes.” I jumped at the chance to go back.（一位编辑打电话来问我是否可以拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道。在我答应之 前我没有查看我的日程安排。我迫不及待地抓住r这个机会。）可知，作者没

18、有确认自己的 行程就一口答应编辑的请求，由此推知，他很乐意、高兴、激动或者迫不及待地接受了这个 请求。故选B项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句Now I work as a photojoumalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans.Though necessary and important, news stories dont reflect the Mexico that 1 fell for and that is hom

19、e to so many people 1 love. （现在，我在墨西哥边境做摄影记者，记录墨西哥人每天面临的绝望处境。）可知，作 者作为摄影记者在耦西哥工作，记录着墨西哥人每天都面临的危险状况，而这样的新闻反映 不出作者喜欢的墨西哥。现在有这样一个关注墨西哥自然美的工作机全，对作者来说是一个 让他开心的缓解机会。故选A项.【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my tripod （二:脚架）on a steep, rocky path and had to steady it

20、during the long exposures. From what I observed, peak firefly presence lasts for only about 20 minutes each night, so 1 had time for just a能w tries.”（为了得到我想要的构图，我把我的三脚架放在一条陡峭、多岩石的小路匕在 长时间曝光时必须使它保持稳定。据我观察，峰值萤火虫每晚只持续20分钟，所以我只有 时间尝试几次。）根据第三段内容可知，前两个晚上作者主要做的是挑选合适的地点和时间 拍摄照片。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后

21、段第*4i was rewarded with the image you see here（我得到了你们在这里看到的图像）结合短文叙述了作者是个专业摄影师，受 一位编辑之托，前去拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道，介绍r他拍摄的一张关于萤火虫照 片背的故事。可知，本篇文章的目的是向读者介绍作者拍摄的照片背后的故事，故选B项。CA young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating （浮动的）plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating devic

22、e （设备）to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called The Ocean Cleanup. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year. Slat showed the ne

23、xt step: a floating device called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun. The L000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the worlds oceans,“ said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $ 7

24、75,660, but the cost might drop as production increases.Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean i

25、n the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. klThis is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again,“ said Slat.The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floatin

26、g things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The device sends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.8. What do we know about Interceptor

27、?A. It is being under test. B. It can help sort waste.C. It needs solar power to work. D. It is mainly used in the oceans.9. What does the tap* refer to in paragraph 3?A. The rivers.B. The machines.C. The oceans. D. The Interceptor.10. Whats the function of the devices nose?A. To empty the waste. B.

28、 To serve as containers.C. To ensure the devices safety. D. To send operators text messages.11. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary. B. A guidebook.C. A novel D. A magazine.【答案解析】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍荷兰年轻发明家发明的一种可以清除河流中塑 料垃圾的装置。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“The device is powered by

29、energy from the sun.（这个装置由 太阳提供能量。）“可知，这台设备是以太阳能为动力的。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from

30、reaching the ocean in the first place. （自从使用以来，这些机器直运转良好，收集了塑料瓶和河里所有的垃圾。根据斯莱特的 说法，关闭水龙头是必耍的，这就意为着首先要防止更多的塑料进入海洋。）“可知，斯 莱特认为减少河里的垃圾，就能阻止垃圾进入海洋。由此可知，“the tap”指的是上游的河流。 故选Ao【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from lar

31、ger floating things.（这个装置是为 / 在河流中安全 而设计的。它的鼻子形状可以改变方向，使它远离较大的漂浮物。）”可知，鼻子碰到较大 的漂浮物时会让装置转变方向，即鼻子的作用是确保装置的安全。故选C。II题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating （浮动的）plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device （设备）to trap plastic wa

32、ste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.（一位年轻的荷 七发明家正在加大力度清理太平洋上漂浮的塑料。他发明了 种漂浮装置，可以在塑料垃圾 到达海洋之前将其在河流中收集。）”可知，主要介绍荷兰年轻发明家的一种可以清除河流 中塑料垃圾的装置因此本文属丁科技说明文，由此推知这篇文章很有可能出自一本杂志。 故选D。DMetal-organic frameworks（MOFs） are compounds that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the

33、desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration （脱水） within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghis next-generation water harvesters. Although daytime

34、 humidity（湿度）is only about 1（） per cent, this rises to 40 per cent at night, which means theres enough water in the atmosphere to support life if it can be transformed into liquid form.Thats exactly what Yaghis device does. Its a box about the size of a small microwave oven designed to suck the humi

35、dity from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework （MOF）, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules （分子） onto its surface of its internal por

36、es （细孔）.Warm it up and the water is released, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water.With further improvements, a device, the size of a washing machine, could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household, II says Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California.

37、One-third of the worlds population lacks safe drinking water; for them such a device could be a lifesaver.These crystalline cluster （结晶群）of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific mol

38、ecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.MOFs work thanks to their unique structure-large quantities of nanometer-sized internal spaces. In fact one MOF has so many pores that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely

39、stable light and have many different uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs

40、 have been produced to date for various applications.12. Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second paragraph?A. To introduce water harvesters.B. To stress the importance of water.C. To express the urgent need for water there.D. To show its serious condition.13. What plays a vital role in wat

41、er harvesters?A. solar energy. B. water molecules.C. a small microwave oven D. metal-organic frameworks.14. What does the underlined phrase cling to* in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. hold onto B. break downC. give off D. turn into15. What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs?A. The fu

42、ture of the MOF technology.B. Other uses of the MOF technology.C. The limitation of the MOF technology.D. The improvement of the MOF technology.【答案解析】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)的用途，结构和性能。【12题详解】推理判断题.由第二段“The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water wou

43、ld die from dehydration (脱水)within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghis next-generation water harvesters.”可知，亚利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何没有水的人都 会在三天内死于脱水。除非他们有奥马尔-亚吉的下一代水收集器。所以奥马尔亚吉的下一 代水收集器可以解决沙漠中缺水的问题。故判断出第二段提到亚利桑那沙漠是为介绍水收 集器。故A选项正确【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF).”可知，使它工作是一种称为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料。所以金属有 机框架在水收柒器中起着至关重要的作用。故D选项正确。【14题详解】词义猜测题。Ft第五段“These crystalline cluster (结晶群)of metals, such as aluminum or magnesiu