高中英语及物动词及不及物动词用法及区别

1、Revision1.无论你去哪里，请与我保持联系。无论你去哪里，请与我保持联系。_ you go, _ me.2. It was home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt gowherever keep in touch with 3. It was the exam results were known a lot of

2、 time on computer games.A. not until; did the boy begin to regret having wastedB. until; that the boy began to regret to have wastedC. not until; that the boy began to regret wastingD. until; did the boy begin to regret to waste4. It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to solv

3、e the problem.A. that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; that5. The easily computer system is unsafe from hackers.A. access to B. access C. accessibly D. accessed6. There are plenty of jobs _ in the western part of the country. A present B available C precious D convenient7. 这次经历对我非常有益。这次经历对

4、我非常有益。The experience was of _ me.8.健康饮食和定期锻炼对我们健康有益，人们也健康饮食和定期锻炼对我们健康有益，人们也会收益于这种生活方式。会收益于这种生活方式。 Eating healthy food and exercising regularly _our health and people_ the lifestyle.9. 他迟迟不告诉她这个消息，在等待适当的机他迟迟不告诉她这个消息，在等待适当的机会。会。He _ her the news,_ for the right moment.benefit to benefit benefit from d

5、elayed telling waiting10. 我怀疑他取胜的可能性。我怀疑他取胜的可能性。I am _ his chances of winning.11. 车窗被揺上，他们一路开来。车窗被揺上，他们一路开来。They drove along _ the car windows _ up.sceptical/ skeptical aboutwithwoundGrammar and usageGrammar and usageTransitive verbs and intransitive verbsTransitive verbs and intransitive verbs及物动词和

6、不及物动词及物动词和不及物动词M7U1Class begins!Today Ill begin our lesson with a question.What is the difference of “begin” in the two sentences?Learning aims:We will Learn about the differences between Vt. and Vi. Learn how to use them. Focus on some testing points about them.1)Vt. or Vi.选择选择2)动词语态的选择动词语态的选择3)从句引

7、导词从句引导词/关系词的选择关系词的选择4)省略句中的应用省略句中的应用一、及物动词一、及物动词 Task 1 Self learning (课本课本P8)Task 2 1. I can answer this question.2. The headmaster came back from Beijing. 3. How times flies!4. Who called me Xiao Wang?5. Last week John bought his son a new bicycle.6. Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 8

8、. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 9. No women could read or write in the old days.10. We made Liu Guang our monitor.11. The dictionary belongs to the student in red.Task 1 Discuss the forms of verbs and their usage in pairs.1. To everyones surprise, he

9、contributed $5,000 to a local charity.2. On my birthday she gave me a mobile phone as a gift.3. This will soon make DVDS things of the past._ +_ _ +_ +_ +_+_Vt.Vt.Vt.O(宾）宾）O (直宾）直宾）O (间宾）间宾） O (宾）宾） Oc (宾补）宾补）4. More challenges lie ahead of me.5. Many different people contributed to the development

10、of TV.S + _S + _+_+ OVi.Vi.Prep. 该句型中的谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才该句型中的谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。间宾在前一个是表示物的直接宾语。间宾在前, 直宾在后。如：直宾在后。如：Tom left Mary a message. 汤姆给玛丽留下了口信。汤姆给玛丽留下了口信。This will save you much time. 这将为您节约大量的时间。这将为您节约大量的时间。 有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调, 这时这时, 间

11、接宾语前应加上介词间接宾语前应加上介词to, for或或of。1. sb+vt+sth+to+sb。如如：He offered a job to her. 他向她提供了一份工作。他向她提供了一份工作。I owe my success to you. 我的成功要归功于您。我的成功要归功于您。 间接宾语前要用间接宾语前要用to的常用动词有：的常用动词有：give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, write, show, return, bring, pass, leave, offer, hand等。等。归纳归纳: 2. sb+vt+ sth+for+sb。如：。如

12、：他为他们俩点了一些食物。他为他们俩点了一些食物。 He ordered some food for the two of them. 妈妈给小女孩做了条美丽的裙子妈妈给小女孩做了条美丽的裙子Mother made a nice dress for the little girl. 。 间接宾语前加介词间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：的动词有：buy， choose, get, make, order, sing, do, play, save等等。归纳：归纳：3. sb+vt+sb+of+sth。如：。如：他们抢了老人的钱他们抢了老人的钱。 They robbed the old man o

13、f his money. 他警告我注意危险。他警告我注意危险。Hes warned me of the danger. 归纳：归纳：直接宾语前加介词直接宾语前加介词 of 的动词有：的动词有：cure, convince, inform, rob, rid, warn。即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主主+vt+双宾语双宾语”的句型翻译下的句型翻译下列句子。列句子。1. 我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。2. 太阳给了我们光和热。太阳给了我们光和热。3. Mr Smith教我们数学。教我们数学。4. 那个老人给我们指路。那个老人给我们指路。(show) 5. 医生治好了他的

14、病。医生治好了他的病。(cure)6. Tom使使Mary相信了他的诚实。相信了他的诚实。(convince)即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主主+vt+双宾语双宾语”的句型翻的句型翻译下列句子译下列句子。1. 我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。(choose)1. I want to choose a suitable present for him. 2. 太阳给了我们光和热太阳给了我们光和热。(give)2. The sun gives us light and warmth. 3. Mr Smith教我们数学。教我们数学。(teach)3. Mr Smith teac

15、hes us math. 4. 那个老人给我们指路。那个老人给我们指路。 (show)4. The old man showed us the way. 5. 医生治好了他的病。医生治好了他的病。(cure)5. The doctor has cured him of his disease. 6. Tom使使Mary相信了他的诚实。相信了他的诚实。(convince)6. Tom convinced Mary of his honesty. 本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思, ,必须加上一个必须加上一

16、个补充成分，如形容词、名词、动词不定式、补充成分，如形容词、名词、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语分词来补充说明宾语, ,才能表达一个完整的意才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足语在意义有一种逻辑上思。宾语和宾语补足语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系的主谓关系, ,即宾语与宾语补足语在即宾语与宾语补足语在“意义上意义上”是一种主谓关系。如：是一种主谓关系。如： 常用于此句型的动词有：常用于此句型的动词有：call, name, make, elect, appoint, think, consider, leave等等。1). 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+名词。如名词。如：总裁任命约翰为

17、营销部经理总裁任命约翰为营销部经理President appointed John manager of Marketing. 。2). 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+形容词。形容词。如：如：那消息使我很高兴。那消息使我很高兴。The news made me happy. 3). 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+介词短语。如：介词短语。如：我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。I found myself in the dark. 4). 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+不定式。如：不定式。如：他鼓励她他鼓励她努力工作努力工作。He encouraged her t

18、o work harder. 要求用要求用to do作宾补的动词有作宾补的动词有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。等。他总是要别人等他。他总是要别人等他。He always gets others to wait for him. 要求用要求用do(不带不带to的不定式的不定式)作作宾补宾补的动词有的动词有: 使役动词使役动词let, make, have等等; 感官动

19、词感官动词observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等。等。 若变为被动语态若变为被动语态, 其后的宾语补足语就成其后的宾语补足语就成为主语补足语了为主语补足语了, 此时作主语补足语的不定式此时作主语补足语的不定式要带要带to。如如：The boss made him work overtime.(主动主动语态语态)He was made to work overtime.(被动语态被动语态)老板叫他加班。老板叫他加班。【注意】【注意】5). 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+分词。如：分词。如：洗手之后不要听任水

20、白流。洗手之后不要听任水白流。Dont leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 我听到有人叫我的名字。我听到有人叫我的名字。I heard my name called. 6). 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 + it + 宾补宾补 + 真正宾语。如：真正宾语。如：我觉得与你家人相处令人愉快。我觉得与你家人相处令人愉快。I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 她认为练习这么多没有意义。她认为练习这么多没有意义。She thinks it no point practi

21、cing so much. 他相信她不可能同意。他相信她不可能同意。 He believed it unlikely that she would agree. 即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主主+vt+补足语补足语”的句的句型翻译下列句子。型翻译下列句子。1 . 我们选李阳做班长。（我们选李阳做班长。（ elect ）2. 这新闻使我伤心。这新闻使我伤心。(make)3.他鼓励他努力工作。他鼓励他努力工作。(encourage)4. 老板叫他加班。（老板叫他加班。（make被动语态被动语态)1. 我们选李阳做班长。我们选李阳做班长。We elected Li Yang our monitor

22、. 2. 这新闻使我伤心。这新闻使我伤心。 The news made me sad. 3. 他鼓励他努力工作。他鼓励他努力工作。He encouraged him to work harder. 4.老板叫他加班。老板叫他加班。He was made to work overtime by his boss.True of false1. The young must obey to their elders. 2. The audience attacked on the rude speaker. 3. Nothing can escape from his parents eyes.

23、4. Do you hope to serve for your nation? 5. When did Susan marry with Paul? F F F F FTask 2 Discuss the differences between vt. and vi. in groups.1. 及物动词后必须接及物动词后必须接_ ,可以有三种构成形式：可以有三种构成形式： (1) _ (2) _ (3) _2. 不及物动词不及物动词_宾语，如后接名词或代词必须在不宾语，如后接名词或代词必须在不及物动词后接及物动词后接_.3. 大多数及物动词有大多数及物动词有_语态，而不及物动词则语态，而不及

24、物动词则_.4. 有些动词既是有些动词既是_,又是又是_,需根据具体语境判断需根据具体语境判断.宾语宾语Vt. + O(宾）宾）Vt. + O (间宾）间宾） + O (直宾）直宾）Vt. + O (宾）宾） + Oc (宾补）宾补）不可接不可接介词介词被动被动 没有被动语态没有被动语态及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词大多数大多数_有被动语态，有被动语态，_则没有被动，但有些及物动词不能用于被动语态：则没有被动，但有些及物动词不能用于被动语态：1.表表“”,“”概念时（概念时（possess, hold, lack）：）：Eg: He is good at his job but he s

25、eems to lack confidence.2.表表“_”的及物动词，如的及物动词，如_ _Eg: If we met at 2 oclock, would that suit you?I cant find clothes to fit me.Task3: 及物动词语态的选择及物动词语态的选择及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词容纳容纳拥有拥有缺少缺少合适合适fit, suit3. 当表示当表示“相互作用相互作用”时，如时，如equal, mean, resemble(看起来像看起来像)Eg. No one equals him in intelligence.The tow boys

26、resemble each other in appearance. 4.表表“明白明白”时，如时，如_Eg. The boy said, “I didnt catch the last two words. ”get, catch, take1.The sports meeting _(hold) next week.2. The new football stadium can _(hold) eighty thousand people.will be heldhold 不及物动词（不及物动词（intransitive verbs)intransitive verbs) 不及物动词指本身

27、意义完整后不须跟宾语的实义不及物动词指本身意义完整后不须跟宾语的实义动词，若要跟宾语，必须在其后添加某个介词然后动词，若要跟宾语，必须在其后添加某个介词然后再跟宾语。再跟宾语。（1 1） 主语主语+ +谓语（谓语（vivi） (1) My watch stopped. (2) She spoke at the meeting yesterday. (3) More challenges lie ahead of me. (4) The water rose higher and higher ,as a result, more than 1,000 people had to leave t

28、heir homes.(2) (2) 主语主语+ +谓语（谓语（vi)+vi)+介词介词+ +宾语宾语 I listened, but could hear nothing.Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.不及物动词没有被动语态不及物动词没有被动语态 The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building_now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaini

29、ng D. has been remained二、不及物动词二、不及物动词表示表示_，主动表被动。，主动表被动。sell, wash, write, cut, open, lock, cook, shut, read, clean 1) The cloth washes well.2) The pen writes smoothly.3) The door locks tightly. 常与常与_等副等副词连用词连用。主语本身的品质或性能主语本身的品质或性能well, badly, easily, smoothly不及物动词（不及物动词（transitive verbs)transitive

30、verbs) 兼作及物动词和不及物动词兼作及物动词和不及物动词Shall I begin at once?She began working as a librarian after she left school.When did they leave Beijing?They left last week.Shes studying medicine.She studies hard.Shes typing a letter.Shes typing.Dont move my things.The train is moving now.意意义义相相同同She couldnt stand t

31、he cold.Dont stand in the rain.Wash your hands before meals.Does this cloth wash well.意意义义不不同同三、三、 及物不及物均可及物不及物均可 answer / answer forbenefit / benefit fromadjust / adjust toattend / attend tocheck / check into / check outbelieve / believe incall / call on pay/pay for回答；对回答；对负责负责,保证保证使使受益受益;从从获益获益出席出

32、席,参加；注意参加；注意,照料照料,处理处理检查，核查；检查，核查；调整调整/节节;适应，习惯适应，习惯登记入住；办理退房、查实登记入住；办理退房、查实相信；信赖相信；信赖,相信相信的存在的存在喊喊,称呼称呼,打电话；恭请打电话；恭请,请求请求付钱；花钱买，付代价付钱；花钱买，付代价 四、四、 Vt. or Vi.选择选择Read aloud Part A on P.9. and then decide whether the underlined verbs are Vt. or ViTesting 1 句义和句子结构的要求句义和句子结构的要求1. Who can be possibly k

33、ind enough to _ me a bowl of water?( provide/ supply/offer)2. My mother didnt _ me to chat online, because she was very busy then. (allow/ forbid)3. The teach had his voice _ to make himself heard. (rise/ raise)4. On _ at the hotel, they called their parents. (arrive/ reach)5. If you arrive early, y

34、ou can _ yourself casually. (seat/ sit)4. This kind of cloth _well, and I usually have it _ every week. (wash)offerallow washedwashes raised arriving seatTesting point 2: 语态的选择语态的选择Testing point 3: 从句引导词从句引导词/关系词的选择关系词的选择1. This is the very village _ I spent my childhood.2. Do you still remember the

35、 holiday _ we spent in that village?3. It is thinking that makes _ we read ours. 思考能把我们所读的变成自己的东西。思考能把我们所读的变成自己的东西。4. Talent and intelligence is not _ the key to higher grades only lies.where(which / that)whatwhere解题思路：从句类型解题思路：从句类型- 从句所缺成分从句所缺成分- 词义辨析词义辨析Discuss the following in groups.Testing poin

36、t 4: 省略句中的应用省略句中的应用 1. Would you like to see the film with me? Yes, Id very much like _. A. to B. to see C. D. see 2. - I usually do my homework at the last minute. -Actually, I would rather _. A. not to B. not to do C. not D. not doPracticeRight or wrong:1.When was the accident occurred? 2.His nove

37、l sells well so that most of the novels have been sold out.3.We should try our best to serve for people.4.The fresh air will benefit from you. 5.Her parents wanted to marry her to a rich man but she wanted to marry with her classmate.Discuss the following in pairs.did the accident occurpeopleyouher

38、classmateWRWWWTrue or false:1. a. We study every day. b. Do you study English every day. 2. a. Please write clearly next time. b. Can you write your composition now? 3. a. The children are listening music. b. The children are listening to music. 4. a. She is laughing the crippled man. b. She is laug

39、hing at the crippled man. 5. Who will answer to this question? 6. We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.7. World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.8. I spent a whole day locked in my study yesterday.9. The door wont be locked.Discuss the followi

40、ng in groups:1.What is it that _ her so much? (interest)2.It is your ability ,rather than where you are from, that _.(matter)3.There is a picture _ on the wall. (hang)4. That is just _ we disagree. (where/ what)5. _ you dress, I like you best. (whatever/ however)interestsmattershangingwhereHoweverdress vt. 给给穿衣服穿衣服 dress sb./ oneselfvi. 穿衣服穿衣服Summary1.Differences between Vt. and Vi.2.Testing points:1)Vt. or Vi.选择选择2)动词语态的选择动词语态的选择3)从句引导词从句引导词/关系词的选择关系词的选择4)省略句中