初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解

1、般将来时主要构成形式一股将来时表小将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。1) will/shall+动词原形shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。willnot=wontshallnot=shant例如：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst?我先读哪一段呢？W川youbeathomeatseventhisevening?今晚七点回家好吗?2)begoingto+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow

2、?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4)beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。例如:HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。注意：beabouttodo不能与tomor

3、row,nextweek等表示明确将来M的时间状语连用。|Notice:beto和begoingtobeto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，begoingto表示主观的打算或计划。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）Imgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）5)现在进行时表将来时下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arriveandsoon.sheisleavingforWuhantomorro

4、w.6)一般现在时表将来1）下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六,点开。Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2）以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。

5、3）在时间或条件句中。例如：WhenBillcomes（ 不 是willcome ） ,askhimtowaitforme.比 尔 来 后 ， 让 他 等 我 。IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里，就写信给你。4）在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的宾语从句中。例如：Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom.离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。begoingto和will的区

6、别begoingto和will的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。(1)begoingto主要用于：1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?今天你们打算做什么？DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。Imgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。Shesgoingtoplaythepiano.她打算弹钢琴。2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look!Therecometh

7、edarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold.恐怕我要患重感冒。(2)will主要用于在以下几个方面：1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。IllcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日

8、。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?请打开收音机好吗？Willyougotothezoowithme?你和我一起去动物园好吗？一般将来是特殊用法：1） be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2） beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能与tom

9、orrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3）有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go,come,arrive,fly（飞往），reach（至U达）,stay,leave,start,die.如：Imgoingtogotothezoothisweenend.=Imgoingtothezoothisweenend.HesgoingtoleaveforParis.=H/leavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.这个老人要去世。练习题1. Whattimewemeetatthegatetomorrow?Awill

10、BshallCdoDare2. Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashetheworknextweek.AfinishesBdoesntfinishCwillfinishDwontfinish3. Theresomeshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave4. Itmybrothersbirthdaytomorrow.Sheaparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtob

11、e5. LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe(二)、填空1. -“Ineedsomepaper：-“I(bring)someforyou.”2. (be)youfreetomorrow?3. They(notleave)untilyoucomeback.4. we(go)tothepartytogetherthisafternoon?5. Theywanttoknowwhenthemeetingstart.6. I(go)withyouifIhavetime.7. Hurryup!Orwe(be)l

12、ate.8. Whatyou(do)tomorrowafternoon?9. Jenny(do)anexperimentthedayaftertomorrow.10. Ifsheisntfreetomorrow,she(nottake)partintheparty.三、Therebe结构的一般将来时易出错例：Thereabasketballmatchthisafternoon.(B)AisgoingtobeBisgoingtohaveCaregoingtobeDaregoingtohave四、begoingto结构中易丢掉to例：Imgoing(go)schoolbybiketomorrow.

13、(C)AtowillgoBtogotoCgotoDtogoif条件句【知识要点】定义：常见的if条件状语从何表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。E.g.Ifyouaskhimhewillhelpyou.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。E.g.Ifyoufailintheexamyouwilllethimdown.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。E.g.Ifyouhavefinishedthehomeworkyoucangohome.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。另外，if从旬还表小不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。

14、从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假E.g.IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。E.g.IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。另外你还要注意if条件句的时态搭配1.if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时E.g.Ifherunshellgetthereintime.如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。E.g.Thecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.如果你拉猫的尾巴

15、，它就会抓你。2.if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/canE.g.Ifthefoggetsthickertheplanemay/mightbediverted.如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。E.g.Ifitstopssnowingwecangoout.如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。3.if从何用一般现在时，主句用must/shouldE.g.Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoumust/shouldeatlessbread.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。4.if从何用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时E.g.Ifyouheaticeitturnstowater

16、.也可用willturn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。5.if从何用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时E.g.IfyouarelookingforPeteryoullfindhimupstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6.if从何用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时E.g.IfyouhavefinisheddinnerHlaskthewaiterforthebill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账注意：学习if”引导的条件状语从句的用法，现在总结一下：if条件句不一般，几个要点记心问；条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件旬表可能，主句多用将来时；条件旬表事实，主句常用现在时。在if引导的条

17、件状语从句中，如果从何谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主旬用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如：E.g.Wecanwalkthereifwecantfindabus.E.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.E.g.Whatwillyoudoifyoufindapandaindanger.如果if条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。E.g.Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.在if引导的条件状语从句中，if和条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若if条件旬放

18、旬首，从旬后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则【经典练习】一.单项选择()1.Ifyoutotheparty,youllhaveagreattime.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.going()2.ItwillbealongtimePeterhiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishesC.when,willfinishD.before,finishes.()3.WhatwillfatherusfromJapan?A.takeB.bringC.carryD.make()4.Weifangisfamouskites.A.forB.t

19、oC.onD.with()5.Ihertheanswerifsheme.A.cantell,willaskB.willtell,willaskC.wouldtell,askD.willtell,asks()6.-Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?-Wellgotothelibrarytomorrowifit.A.isntrainB.rainC.wontrainD.doesntrain()7.Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?-Sorry,Idontknow.Whenheback,1lltellyou.A.comesB.willcome

20、C.comeD.maycome()8.Whatwillyoudoifyoutotheoldfolkshomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.willgo()9.IfIeatfood,fllbeveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchD.muchtoo()10.IllgivethebooktohimifheherenextSunday.A.willcomeB.comesC.iscomingD.came()11.ThereanEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoi

21、ngtobeD.has()12.Couldyoutelluswhere?A. willthenextOlympicGamesheldB. thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC. wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD. thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld二.在正确的答案下划一条线。1. Daina(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willpass/pass/passes)theexams.2. Thegraduates(willteach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvilla

22、geiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3. Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4. Ifit(wont/dont/doesnt/isnt)rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5. IfaUFO(willland/land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goes)intolookforthealien.6. Ifhe(willhav

23、e/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.7. DontwaitformeifI(am/willbe)late.8. They(wont/dont)gotothebeachifit(willrain/rain/rains).9. I(willcall/call)youifhe(willstay/stay/stays)athome.10. MrSmith(willlet/let/lets)youknowifhe(willneed/need/needs)help.11. (Will/Do/Does)hevisitthemuseum

24、ifhe(wont/dont/doesnt)gettired?12. Where(will/do/does)theyliveifthey(willmiss/miss/misses)thebus?三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ifyou(feel)tired,you(have)tohavearest.2. Wherehe(see)thefilmifhe(have)time?3. Ifthere(be)fewertrees,there(be)morepollution.4. He(dress)morecasuallyifhe(notwork)onweekends.5. IfMarcia(live)

25、alone,she(keep)apetparrot.6. Lana(buy)anewdressiftheoldone(be)outofstyle.7. Thetwins(fight)ifthey(argue).8. I(have)abakesaleifI(need)moneyforeducation.9. Peter(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe(tour)Spain.10. IfMrGreen(say)Iamhard-working,myparents(feel)glad.11. I(go)tothebeachifit(notrain)thisweek.12._

26、 they(have)amatchifthePE.teacher(be)busy?13. He(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14. Ifshe(get)uplate,she(notcatch)theearlybus.15.Peter(major)inEnglishifhe(pass)theexamsinPekingUniversity.【家庭作业】1.Ifshe(notget)homeontime,hermomwillbeworried.2.IfTomworkshard,he(make)alotofmoney.3.IfIstudyhard,mydream宴现).4.Ifhe论)hisfriend,hewillbeverysad.1.1 fyoufightwithyourbrother,what(发生)？6. Callmeifhe来).7. Hecanmakegreatprogressifhe遛随，听从)myadvice.()8.IfIfindhisphone