初中英语-介词专项

1、介词一.概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分，介词短语二介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）介词的作用介词表地点、位置、方向的介词above,around,at,behind,between,by,down,from,in,up,infrontof,into,onto,near,off,out,over,through,under,towards,表时间的介词by,in,on,over,with其他介词like,with,without,from,next,to二、常用1、in在.之内1）表示地点，表示大地点。She

2、9;sinChinawithhermomanddad.2）表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内Theweatheriscoldinwinter.3）表示颜色和语言也用介词in。Doyouknowthegirlinred?IcanwritethisarticleinEnglish.2、from从中来1）comefromIcomefromChinaandI'mChinese.2）downloadfromIdownloadmusicfromtheInternet.3）bedifferentfromLily'shabitsaredifferentfromLinda's.3.with和

3、，用，与1）withsb和人在起I'minClassOnewithDamingandLingling.2）withsth.表示用某种工具Iwritewithmypen,andIseewithmyeyes.4 .at在.1）表地点，主小地点。MyfatherisateacheratBeijingInternationalSchool.2）表时间,主指时间的个点。Igetupathalfpastseveninthemorning.3）begoodat擅长于Iamgoodatreadingandwriting.5 .behind在后面Theclassroomsarebehindtheoffi

4、ces.6 .nextto紧挨着Thelibraryisnexttotheclassrooms.7.infrontof在前面TheyareinfrontofTonyandDaming.8.for为了,因为。Thankyouforyouremail.9.on在.上，在.时1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。WouldyouliketogotoafootballmatchonSunday?2）表示地点onthefarmontheplayground10.to自，向1)talkto与谈论WehaveabreakandItalktomyfriends.2)goto去Helikesfilmsandheofte

5、ngoestothecinema.3) welcometo欢迎至UWelcometoBeijingZoo.4) listento听Theyalwayslistentomusic.5) )connectto.和.连接一起Pleaseconnectthemonitortothecomputerfirst.三、.常用的介词的区别：in,to,on在方位名词前的区别1.in表示A地在B地范围之内，如TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.2.to表示A地在B地范围之外(有距离)，如：JapanliestotheeastofChina.3.on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻，如：North

6、KoreaisontheeastofChina.at,in,on,by在表示时间上的区别1.at指时间表示：(1)时间的点、时刻等。Theycamehomeatnoon(atsunrise,atmidnight,atteno'clock,atdaybreak).(2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。HewenthomeatNewYeaRatChristmas,attheSpringFestival).2.1 n指时间表示：(1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。in2004,inMarch,inspring,inthe

7、morning,intheevening(2)在一段时间之后。一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，意为“在以后”。Hewillarriveintwohours.(3)谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在以内”。Theseproductswillbemadeinamonth.3.on指时间表示：(1)具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、节日、星期几等，OnChristmasDaytherewillbeaparty.(2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。Hearrivedat8o'clockonthenightofFriday.(3)准时，按时。Ifthetraincanbeontime

8、,Ishouldgethomebeforedark.4.by指时间表示：(1)不迟于，在(某时)前。如：Hewillcomebysixo'clock.(2)在问，在的时候。如：Heworkedbydayandstudiedbynight.near,by,beside,at表示“在附近”时的区别1 .near表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。SuzhouisnearShanghai.2 .by和beside都表示靠近，实际距离不很远，但beside比by更具体地表示出“在旁边”的意思。Hewassittingbesideher.Heiswalkingbytheriver.3 .at也有“

9、在旁边”的意思，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而by和beside仅表示位置关系。如：Thestudentsaresittingatthetablelisteningtotheteacher.Severalstudentsaresittingby/besidethedoortalkingaboutamusic.at,in和on表示地点时的区别1.at表示地点：(1)用于指较小的地方。arriveat,接小地方Iwillwaitforyouatthestation.(2)用于门牌号码前。HelivesatllZhongshanRoad.2.in表示地点：arrivein接较大地方Helives

10、inShanghai.3.on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在上；在旁”。Thepicturewashangingonthewall.besides,except,but表示“除外”之间的区别1 .besides表示“除了以外，还有”,具有附加性质。如：Besidesxiaoming,wealsowenttoseethefilm.注意：besides用于否定句中时，与except,but同义，可互换。如：Wehavenootherbooksbesides/exceptthese.2 .except表示"除外”，具有排它性质。如：Weallwenttoseethefilmexce

11、ptxiaoming.(王先生没去)3 .but意为“除了"，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。Nobodyknewitbutme.above,over,on,up表示“在上”之间的区另U1 .above指"上方”，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词为below。Wereflyingabovetheclouds.2.over茁“在正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反义词为under。Thebridgeisovertheriver.3.on表示“在上面”，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对。Thereisamapon

12、thewall.4.up表示动作的方向往上，反义词为down=如：Pleasestandupwith,from,for,at表示原因的区别1 .with表示原因，指由于外界而影响到内部，意为“因为；由于"。Thelittlegirlwasshiveringwithcold.2 .from表示动机、疲劳、痛苦等原因。Shediditfromasenseofduty.3 .for常表示为了某一目的、事业的原因。Idoapologizeforkeepingyouwaiting.4 .at表示原因，指“听到；看到；想到”等。Atthenewstheyfeltveryglad. .for和of

13、的用法区别试比较：It'simpossibleformetowatchTVaftereleveno'clock.It'skindofyoutohelpme.两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定，一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。 .by,with,in的用法区别by表示"以.的方式，方法，手段”和”乘某种交通工具"；with指"借助于具体的手段或工具”；in表示"以.方式，用语言，文字等媒介”。Isolv

14、edtheproblembythisway.Icuttheapplewithaknife.HespeakswithusinEnglish.after和in的用法区别这两个介词都可以表示时间"在以后”的意思。其区别是：after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。Iwenthomeafter10o'clockyesterday.Thetrainwillarriveintenminutes.小试牛刀：一：用by,beside,near,beyond填空1. Thelittlegirlissitti

15、nghermother.2. Thereisawhitecarourschool.3. Manyshopsareourhome.4. ourcitythereisariver.二：1.Thepostofficeisthepolicestationandthelibrary.A.betweenB.amongC.in2.Ican'tfinishmyworkyourhelp.A.withB.withoutC.in3.Thankyoumetohavedinner.A.forinviteB.ofinviteC.forinviting4.Whyareyoustanding,Alice?-Ican&

16、#39;tseetheblackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresittingme.A.behindB.nexttoC.infrontof5.Ifyoudothings,usuallyyoucan'tdothemwell.A.inahurryB.fromnowonC.justnow6 .Whataniceday!WeshouldgosightseeingwatchingTVinthehotel.A.becauseofB.insteadofC.togetherwith7 .Yourcoatlooksverynice.What'sitmade?-Cotton,

17、anditismadeWuhan.A.from,inB.of,inC.from,on8 .-Whenandwhereyouborn?-IwasbornOctober1st,1998Suzhou.A.on,onB.in,inC.on,in9 .Therewillbemanyrobotspeople'shomestenyears.A.in,/B.in,inC.in,after10 .AlltheworkerswenthomeyesterdayMrWhite.Why?-Becausehewasonduty.A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptfor1.1 It'sver

18、ykindthemtopickmeupattherailwaystationanddrivemehome.A.forB.toC.of12 .AUFOlandedtheCenterStreet.A.atB.onC.in13 .theSpringFestival,theheavysnowstoppedmanypeoplefrombackhome.A.During,goingB.In,goC.On,goes24.Thinkitoveryouwritetheanswer.A.beforeB.afterC.on答案：一：1.by,2.beside,3.near,4.beyond1.A2,B3.C4.C5

19、A6,B7B8C9C10A11C12B13.A14.A勤加磨练:1. Theteacherisnoticthisownwork.A.with,with2. Myfatherbegantotyyearsold.A.for3.Idon'tthinkXiaomatics.hispupilsbutalsostrC.in,withD.with,inbusdriverwhenhewastwenC.atD.astheotherstudents_matheonlystrictB.in,inworkaB.toLiisA.after,onind,at4. NobodyknowsitA.exceptforD

20、.butB.after,withC.behind,inD.behme.B.exceptthatC.besides5.Thewindowisneveropenedinsummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor6.Wegotoschoolabike.A.inB.onD.oveC.by7.It'sverykindyoutorepairthebikeme.8.FreshairisgoodA.atB.forC.ofyourhealth.D.to9.Theboyiswaitinghissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowaitt

21、heirsickmother.10.ThePLAmansavedtheboyA.ofB.fromdeath.C.toater11.HewillA.beforecomethreedays.B.afterC.inD.onD.l12HewenttoBeijingandreturnedthreedays.A.inB.beforeC.later13.Hewillreturnthreeo'clock.A.afterB.inC.ont14Hewrotethearticlethreedays.A.atB.inC.on15Iagree_whatyousaid.D.afterD.aD.byA.to16.A

22、.at17.A.on18.A.19.1t.DoyouagreeFinallyB.toDoyouofheardB.withtheyoftenB.B.onthisC.onagreedC.withhear_fromthebookC.withplan(arrangement)?D.to_thetermsD.atyourbrother?C.outoflongago,butofD.atthecontract.D.abouthaveneverreadiA.out20.A.21.TheplaneacrossWewalkedflewB.fromD.withtheB.pasttheTianC.ofcity.C.t

23、hroughAnMenSquaretotheD.overMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossD.past22.Iwaswanderingatailor'sshop.A.acrossB.throughC.bythestreetswhenIcaughtsightof23.24.OurbusA.acrossthedrovesun,25.ForTheteacherA.with26.D.ofTheteacherA.for27.WeD.ofleftXi'A.on28.HisD.byteacherA.at,withD.with,about29.MyfatherA.b

24、yB.throughtheB.C.byGreatD.pastisHallthroughofC.thePeople.pastD.overnothingwouldgrow.B.Withbusy_C.Underteaching.D.WithoutB.forC.onisanwasbusyB.inB.inangryB.at,forcorrectingveryhothimpapers.C.onsummerafternoon.C.duringhisbeingC.with,forlate.wasdisappointed_B.aboutthenews.C.atandcamebackD.by;fromHisroo

25、mishomD.o30.MrWangwenttoNanjingOctober,1998ethemorningofNov.5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;on31.Myunclelives105HuangheStreet.thefifthfloor.youcanworkoutthemathsproblemA.at;on32.Idon'tthinktheteacher'shelp.B.td;atC.on;inD.of;toA.since33.-Doyoutrain.B.unlessgotherebus?C.becauseD.without-No,wegothereA.in

26、;on34.ThetreesOldLi.frontB.on;onC.by;inofthehouseareD.by;withthechargeofA.in8.in;inTheoldmandied_A.from;atDoesJohnknowanyA.except-HowlonghastheA.AfterB.at;inC.in;byD.from;_coldB.of;inotherforeignB.butacoldnight.C.of;onD.languagesC.besidesD.bookshopbeeninbusiness?B.InDidyouhaveanytroublefor

27、;duringFrench?beside-1982.C.FromD.Sincethepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infinding39 .Totellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodoit.A.aboutB.withC.forD.of40 .TaiwanistheeastofFujian.A.inB.atC.toD.on41HisfatherwillbebackfromB.inLondonC.onafewD.afterdays.A.since42.Theword"write"hasthe

28、samepronunciat-iontheword"right".关系代词A.ofB.asC.toD.from43.Thetrainleaves6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation_5:40p.m.atthelatest.A.at;until（延：续）B.for;afterC.at;by（瞬问）D.before;around44 .WewillbeinNanjingTuesdayThursday.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./till45.TherearemanybeautifulbirdsB.atA.onth

29、etree.C.inD.besides1-5DDCDB-6-10BCBAB-11-15CDABC-16-20DABCD-21-25ABCDA-2A-3CC31-35ADCCA36-40CCDDD41-45BBCBBC（应至U43答案有误）初中英语常用介词短语1)atonce立刻2)atlast最后3)atfirst起先，首先4)attheageof在岁时5)attheendof在之末6)atthebeginningof在之初7)atthefootof在脚下8)atthesametime同时9)atnight/noon在夜里/中午10)withone'shelp在某人的帮助下，由于某人的

30、帮助11)withthehelpof在的帮助下12)withasmile面带笑容13)withone'sowneyes亲眼看见14)afterawhile过了一会儿15)fromnowon从现在起16)fromthenon从那时起17)farexample例如18)farawayfrom远离19)frommorningtillnight从早到晚20)byandby不久21)byairmail寄航空邮件22)bybike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车23)byordinarymail寄平信24)bytheway顺便说25)bythewindow在窗边26)byt

31、heendof到底为止介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1).介词与动词搭配arrivein/at到达askfor要，请求dowellin在方面做得好givein投降goon继续hearfrom收至U来信hearof听说help'sB.withsth.帮助做27)littlebylittle逐渐地28)inall总共29)infact事实上30)inone'stwenties在某人二十几岁时31)inahurry匆忙32)inthemiddleof在中间33)innotime(inaminute)立刻，很快34)intime(ontime)及时35)inpublic公众，公开地36

32、)inorderto为了37)infrontof在前面38)inthesun在阳光下39)intheend最后，终于40)insurprise惊奇地41)inturn依次42)ofcourse当然43)abit(of)有一点儿44)alotof许多45)alittle一点儿46)onone'swayto某人在去的路上47)onfoot步行，走路48)atalkonspace一个关于太空的报告49)ontheotherhand另一方面50)at/ontheweekend在周末51)ontheleft(right)在左(右)边52)ontheothersideof在另一边53)onther

33、adio通过收音机(无线电广播)54)toone'sjoy使高兴的是55)toone'ssurprise使惊讶的是laughat嘲笑learnfrom向学习talkto与谈话takedown拿下，取了lookat(有意识地)看speakto对某人takeaway拿走，带走thinkof考虑，关心waitfor等候，等待beginwith以开始turnon/off打开（夫上meetwith偶尔遇见，遭遇listento听passon传递lookafter照顾，照看belongtoWTlookfor寻找writeto与信给looklike看上去像callon号召，访问，邀请gett

34、o到达smileat向微笑fillwith充满，装满lookout向四下看，到处看2）.介词与名词搭配intime及时atwork在工作inlife一生中atschool在学校ontime准时，按时atthebackof在后面infrontof在前回atthebeginningof在开始onfoot步行attheendof在结尾bybus乘公共汽车atthesametime同时，然而athome在家bytrain乘火车inEnglish语daybyday日复一日inthemiddle在中间onebyone一个8个atnight在晚上inaword总加百之，一句话atnoon在中午infact事

35、实上withasmile带着微笑inthestreet在街上ofcourse当然（可以）intheend最后，终于inahurry匆忙，急忙innotime立刻，很快inaminute一会inorder按顺序，整齐，正常bytheway顺便说说/问问inorderto为了，以便atfirst首先，起初intheday在白天atlast最后，终于inline成一直线atthemeeting在会上inashortwhile不久ononeswayto在的路上inall总共，总计inthesun在阳光下intown在城里inatree在树上ontheleft/right在左/右边insurprise惊奇地ontheonehandontheotherhandatonce立亥马上一方面atthefootof在脚下ontopof在顶上atall压根儿inpublic当众，公开地atdinner在吃正餐outofwork失业atthetable在桌子房13）介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配bemadeof由制成bea