合同翻译：概述及国际货物销售合同

1、Translation of Contract1. Definition of ContractContracts are agreements between equal natural persons, legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing, altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations.合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。2.1 与合同订立有关的术语与合同订立有关的术

2、语1) Essential elements of a contract:(a) Offer(b) Acceptance（a+b=Agreement）(c) Consideration (Past, Sufficient)(d) Intention(e) Capacity (Full, Limited, Minor)2. Key Terminology2) Form of ContractsContract by deedContract in writingContract evidenced in writingOral contract3) 与offer和acceptance相关概念In

3、vitations to TreatInvitations to tender/ tender Counter offer new offerCommunicatePostal rulePrivity of contract4) 与与consideration有关概念有关概念Past ConsiderationSufficient considerationPromissory Estoppel2.2 与合同内容有关的术语与合同内容有关的术语Express termsImplied termsConditions, Warranties and Innominate TermsExclusio

4、n/Exemption clauses2.3 与合同救济相关术语与合同救济相关术语Breach of contractAnticipatory breachDamages Specific performance Injunction Rescission of the contract.Liquidated damages3. Major Categories of International Business Contracts1) Contracts for International Sale of Goods国际货物销售合同2) Contracts for International

5、 Technology Transfer 国际技术转让合同4. 合同的语言特征4.1 程式化出口合同 本合同于由ABC贸易有限公司（以下简称“卖方”）和 XYZ贸易有限公司（以下简称“买方”）于2012年8月5日签订。买卖双方同意按以下条款购买、出售下述商品。Export Contract This Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 2012 between ABC Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading

6、Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and conditions.4.2 准确性application: 适用enforcement: 执行implementation: 实施operation: 运用injury: 损害serious prejudice: 严重侵害nullify:丧失impair: 伤害 This agreement shall come into force on and from the day of sig

7、nature.本协议自签订之日起生效。 Shipment is to be made on or before March 31,2013.4.3 严谨性The offer remains in force till May 2, 2006 (inclusive). Party A Shall pay to Party B five (5) percent of the total price for work, i.e. sixty-three thousand (63,000) US dollars.RMB 2375.00 (SAY: RMB TWO THOUSAND THREE HUND

8、RED AND SEVENTY FIVE ONLY)（大写:人民币贰仟叁佰柒拾伍元整）4.4 一致性关键词语（名词和动词）译法前后要保持一致，防止同义异译。Article 1 Party A shall deliver to Party B as soon as possible after this Agreement becomes effective, but in any event within 60 days thereafter, at Party Bs address set forth above, all the Technical and Sales Informatio

9、n, relating to Licensed Products.第一条 本协议生效后，甲方应尽快且最迟在本协议生效后六十天内，按上述乙方地址向乙方提交有关特许产品全部技术与销售情报。4.5 庄重性(formal language)Term：The term of this lease shall commence on August 20, 2010 and shall terminate on June 30, 2012 unless terminated sooner as herein provided. In the event that the Tenant transfers f

10、rom the unit rented under this lease to another unit the Tenant shall have three consecutive calendar days from the “termination of this lease” to move to the new unit and shall be billed on all additional days on a per-diem basis. 本协议自2010年8月20日生效至2012年6月30日终止。除本协议另有规定，不得提前终止本协议。如承租人从租住的单元移至另一单元，承租

11、人自“终止本协议”之日起将有连续3日时间搬离，如超出3日，超出部分均按日计租。5. 国际货物销售合同翻译涉及到的因素1) Name of Commodity货物名称2) Specifications, Quantity and Unit Price规格、数量和单价3) Total Value 总金额 4) Country of Origin and Manufacturers 生产国和制造商5) Packing包装6. Shipping Mark唛头（用文字、图形和记号标明在货物的包装上,以便识别一批货物不同于另一批的标记。内容有批号、件号、港口、目的地、收货人、生产国名、合同号码、货名、数量

12、等.）7. Time of Shipment装运日期Shipment within the last ten-day period of March, 2000, subject to acceptable L/C reaches Sellers before the last ten-day period of January, 2000, and partial shipment is not allowed.（2000年3月下旬装运，但以卖方2000年1月下旬以前收到可接受信用证为条件，不允许分批装运。）8. Port of Shipment 装运港9. Port of Destinat

13、ion 目的港10. Payment: 支付条款By a prime bankers Irrevocable Sight Letter of Credit in Sellers favor, for 100% value of goods.（凭一流银行开出的不可撤消的即期信用证付款，信用证以卖方为受益人，并按照货物金额100%开具。）A Letters of Credit is a written undertaking by the issuing bank to the beneficiary, under which the bank will pay a sum certain in

14、money to the beneficiary if the beneficiary of the L/C provides the bank with specified documents within a prescribed time period, which all comply with the terms and conditions of the credit.信用证是银行（即开证行）依照进口商（即开证申请人）的要求和指示，对出口商（即受益人）发出的、授权出口商签发以银行或进口商为付款人的汇票，保证在交来符合信用证条款规定的汇票和单据时，必定承兑和付款的保证文件。2022-

15、4-202111. Insurance: 保险The Buyer hereby entrusts the Seller to insure the goods against W.P.A. and T.P.N.D. for 120% of the invoice value. The insurance premium should be borne by the Buyer.买方委托卖方按发票全额的120%投保水渍险和偷窃提货不着险，保险费由买方承担。WPA (With Particular Average)“保赔单独海损”/水渍险: 承保的范围是平安险所包括的范围加上单独海损。按照水渍险条

16、款的规定，被保险货物的单独海损的损失即使不是由于船舶的搁浅、透明礁沉没或焚毁等意外事故引起的，保险公司信要负责赔偿。水渍险提供了比平安险更广泛的保障，因而保费也相应高一些。T.P.N.D.:（Theft, Pilferage and Non-Delivery偷窃提货不着险）:偷是指保险有效期内, 整件货物被偷走，以及货物运抵目的地以后，整件未交的损失，由保险公司负责赔偿。窃则一般是指包装完整的整件货物中仅一部分被窃去。整件提货不着必须是没有原因, 没有踪迹提货不着, 必须向责任方取得整件提货不着的书面证明。12. Documents: 单据The following documents sha

17、ll be prepared by the Seller and submitted to the Buyer: （卖方应准备以下单据提交买方）Commercial Invoice in _Copies（商业发票_份）Full set of clean on board ocean Bills of Lading made out to_.（全套清洁已装船提单，提货人为_.） Insurance Policy; 保险单Quality Inspection Certificate 质量检验证Certificate of Origin 原产地证Packing List 装箱单Notice of S

18、hipment 装船通知The following other Documents:_以下其他单据：13. Overdue Interest:过期利息If the Buyer fails to pay any amount when due, the Buyer shall be liable to pay to the Seller overdue interest or such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of 5 percent per annum. Such

19、overdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the Seller.如买方未能按期支付到期款项，买方应支付未付款项，否则应自到期日起到实际支付日按年利率5%计算过期利息。一经卖方提出，买方应支付该利息。14. Inspection: 检验15. Penalty: 违约金1) Failure to Make Timely Delivery 未按期交货In the event of the Seller for its own sake fails to make delivery of all the goods on time as stipula

20、ted in this contract, the Seller shall pay a penalty to the Buyer. 如果卖方由于自身原因未能按合同规定按期交付全部货物，卖方应向买方支付违约金。The penalty shall be charged at the rate of 2% of the amount of the delayed goods for every 10 days of delay in delivering the goods; however, the penalty shall not exceed 20% of the total value

21、of goods involved in the late delivery. Any fractional days less than 10 days shall be deemed to be 10 days for the calculation of penalty.违约金将在迟延交货后每10天按所迟交货物总价的2%收取，但违约金不能超过迟交货物总价的20%。为了便于计算违约金，不足10天的小数天数按10天计算。2) Failure to Timely Open the Letter of Credit未能如期开具信用证In the event that the Buyer for

22、its own sake fails to open the Letter of Credit on time as stipulated in this contract, the Buyer shall pay penalty to the Seller. 如果买方由于自身原因未能按合同规定按期开具信用证，买方应向卖方支付违约金。The penalty shall be charged at the rate of 2% of the amount of the Letter of Credit for every10 days of delay in opening the Letter

23、 of Credit, however, the penalty shall not exceed 20% of the total value involved in the Letter of Credit amount. Any fractional days less than 10 days shall be deemed to be 10 days for the calculation of penalty. 违约金将在延迟开具信用证后每10天按所迟开信用证货物总价的2%收取，但违约金不能超过迟开信用证货物总价的20%。为了便于计算违约金，不足十天的小数天数按10天计算。16.

24、Force Majeure: 不可抗力Neither party shall be held responsible for failure or delay to perform all or any part of this Contract due to flood, fire, earthquake, snowstorm, hailstorm, hurricane, war, government prohibition or any other events that are unforeseeable at the time of the execution of this Con

25、tract and could not be controlled, avoided or overcome by such party.任何一方如果由于洪水、火灾、地震、雪暴、雹暴、飓风、战争、政府禁令或其他在履行合同时无法预见并不能控制、不可避免或无法克服的事件，致使不能或迟延履行合同的全部或一部分时，该方不承担责任。 However, the party whose performance is affected by the event of Force Majeure shall give a notice to the other party of its occurrence a

26、s soon as possible and a certificate or a document of the occurrence of the Force Majeure event issued by the relative authority or a neutral independent third party shall be sent to the other party by airmail not later than 15 days after its occurrence.但是，受不可抗力影响的一方应立即通知另一方，并于事件发生后15天内向另一方航空邮寄有关当局或

27、独立的中立第三方出具的发生此种事件的证明书或文件。 17. Claims: Except those claims for which a third party is liable, should the quality, specifications, quantity, weight, packing and requirements for safety or sanitation/hygiene of the goods be found not in conformity with the stipulations to this contract, the Buyer shall

28、 give a written notice of claims to the Seller and shall have the right to lodge claims against the Seller based on the Inspection Certificate issued by the Inspection Organization provided in Clauses 14.2 to this Contract within 21 days from the date of completion of unloading of the goods at the p

29、ort of unloading. In the event of nonconformity, the Seller shall promptly repair or replace such goods or supply the quantity that is deficient.除了第三方应负责任的索赔，如发现货物的质量、规格、数量、重量、包装及涉及安全或卫生/保健等方面和合同的规定不一致，买方应对卖方发出书面通知并有权根据第14条第2款中所述的有关检验当局出据的检验证书对卖方提出索赔。索赔应在卸货港卸货完成后21天内提出。如发生不一致，卖方应立即修理或更换这些货物或补充数量。 In

30、 the event that the Buyer does not make such claim within the above-mentioned time-limit, the Buyer shall forfeit its right to make a claim with respect to the quantity deficiency or the apparent quality defect. 如果买方未在上述期限内提出索赔，则买方将视为放弃对货物数量不足或明显的质量瑕疵索赔的权利。 18. Termination: 合同的解除Except as provided e

31、lsewhere, this Contract may be terminated in either of the following case:除非另有约定，该合同将在下述情况下解除：1) Through mutual written agreement by both parties; 双方共同达成书面协议； 2) If the other party fails to perform its obligations within the time-limit agreed upon in this Contract, and fails to eliminate or remedy s

32、uch breach within 7 days following the receipt of the notice thereof from the non-breaching party. 如果另一方未能在合同约定的时间内履行其义务，并且在收到未违约方通知后起七天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施。19. Notice: 通知20. Incoterms (International Commercial Terms)国际贸易术语Unless otherwise stipulated in this Contract, the terms and conditions of this Cont

33、ract shall be interpreted in accordance with the International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms (INCOTERMS 2000) provided by international Chamber of Commerce. 21. Arbitration:仲裁All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract should be settled through friendly negotiation. Shou

34、ld no settlement be reached through negotiation, the case shall be submitted for arbitration in the Country where the defendant resides. 一切因执行本合同引起的争议，均应由双方友好协商解决。如协商不能取得解决，则应提交仲裁，仲裁应在被告所在国进行。 If the arbitration takes place in China, the case shall be submitted to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Commi

35、ssion of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT), Shanghai and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. 如仲裁在中国，应提交上海中国国际贸易促进会对外贸易仲裁委员会，按照其仲裁规则进行仲裁。 If the arbitration takes place in the USA, the case shall be submitted to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Com

36、mission of Council for the Promotion of International Trade NY and the arbitration rules of this arbitration organization shall be applied. 如仲裁在美国，应提交纽约国际贸易促进会对外贸易仲裁委员会，按照其规则进行仲裁。 The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the los

37、ing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration organization.该仲裁委员会的裁决为终局性的，对双方均有约束力，仲裁费用，除非仲裁委员会另有裁定，概由败诉方承担。22. Supplementary conditions 补充条款 This contract shall be written in English and Chinese languages, with two originals and one copy for each side. This contract shall come into effect from the da