公共英语PETS讲义42

1、Chapter16PopularScienceUnit28PopularScienceUnit28PopularScience语言要点1. specificadj.具体的，明确的：Whatisthespecifictimeofarrival?独特的，特定的：specificage典型考题Bemore()aboutwhenyouwantustocome.AspecialBparticularCgeneralDspecificUnit28PopularScience语言要点2. insightn.洞察力；见识(常与into连用)TheProfessorhasadeepinsightintotheA

2、mericansociety.这位教授对当前的美国社会有深刻的以识。典型考题Theyoungpoliticianisamanof()AintuitionBpowerfulCinsightDinsightfulUnit28PopularScience语言要点3. sheltern.掩蔽处，避身处：Hestoodintheshelteratthebusstop.他站在公共汽车站的候车亭里。v.庇护，掩护；遮挡：Wetookshelterfromthestorminabarn我们在一个谷仓里躲避暴风雨。避难，躲避1) giveshelterto庇护2)takeshelter(=findshelter

3、)典型考题Andthedeadtreegivesno()AcoverBshelterCguardDretreatUnit28PopularScience语言要点4. capturen.捕获，战利品v.俘获，捕获，夺取：Thecriminalwascapturedwhentryingtoescapefromthecity.罪才已在企图逃离这座城市时被捕获。典型考题Thetalesofadventure()thechildren'sattention.AcaptureBarrestCimprisonDpullUnit28PopularScience语言要点5. confinev.限制，禁闭

4、：Pleaseconfineyourremarkstotheissuesathand.请你把话题局限在手头的问题上。典型考题Thesickchildwas()tobed.AcontainedBconfinedCenclosedDsurroundbeconfinedto是习惯搭配，意为“被限制在”。Unit28PopularScience语言要点6. controversialadj.争论的，争议的acontroversialstandonhumanrights引起争议的人权立场派生词：controversy(名词)争论，辩论；controversially(副词)subject典型考题Thel

5、iedetectortestshavebeenaAdominantBcontroversialCmagnificentDprominentUnit28PopularScience语言要点7. rationaladj.理性的，合理的，推理的thestageofrationalknowledge理性认识阶段典型考题Manisa()being.AsoundBrationalCjustifiableDreasonable反义词：irrationaladj.不合情理的，不理性的rationalityn.合理性，唯理性justifiable“有理由的”“合隋合理的”reasonable指"合情合

6、理的“、“(价格)公平合理的”。Unit28PopularScience学习要点1 .谈肉眼可看见的行星：Manyplanetsarevisibletothenakedeye,suchasMercury,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.2 .如何解释弓I力：Gravityistheforcethatkeepstheplanetsinorbitaroundthesun.3 .什么是好的科学节目：Agoodscienceprogramshouldenableacertainaudiencetoincreaseitsunderstandingofscienceorinsom

7、ewaytogaininsightintoscience.4 .谈英国家长的难处：BritishparentsmayfinditdifficulttohelptheirchildrenwiththeirScienceandTechnologyhomework.Unit28PopularScience学习要点5 .谈学电月齿的必要性：Familiaritywithcomputersisnowessentialaspupilsareexpectedtousespreadsheetsanddatabasesforcollectingandpresentinginformation.6 .科技课是必修

8、课的表达：Technologyisnowcompulsoryforpupilsagedbetweenfiveandsixteen.7 .谈网上购物：Shoppingbycomputerneedn'tbeanymoredifficultthanoperatingacassetteplayer.Unit28PopularScience学习要点8 .谈科学与政治的界限：Thesharpdividebetweenascientificinsideandapoliticaloutsideisevaporating.9 .谈科学、政治和人的关系：Andthemoreitdoes,themoreth

9、efateofhumansislinkedtothatofthings,themoreascientificstatementresemblesapoliticalone.10 .谈环境监控的方式：Aworldwidenetworkofenvironmentalsensorsmonitorstheplanetinrealtime（即时的，迅速的）Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Thiscancaptivateaudiencesaseffectivelyastheverybestthrillers.这样做就能使节目如同最畅销的恐怖小

10、说一样牢牢抓住观众。辨析effective,efficient:effective有效的；生效的。例如：Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.Thelawiseffectiveimmediately.efficient有效率的，能干的。Thisnewcopymachineismoreefficientthantheoldone.这台新复印机比那台旧的效率Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Aslongasthehumanaspectofscienceisnotignored,andresea

11、rchersarenotreducedtotheroleofexplainingimpersonaldata,anysubjectcanmakeforagoodtelevisionprogram.只要科技的人文作用没有被忽略，并且科研人员不再是仅仅充当简单说明数据的角色，那么任何学科都可以被做成精彩的电视节目。arenotreducedto:沦落为。aslongas以为条件，只要。例如：Aslongasyou'veofferedit,Iwillacceptit.既然你已给了我，我就接受。IwillcooperateaslongasIamnotifiedontime.只要及时告诉我，我就

12、会合作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Thatdoesnotmeanthatthestorycannotincludenotionsofcomplexityanddoubt,whicharenecessaryfeaturesofscience.但这并不意味着在这种构思中不能涉及难理解的概念或疑惑。因为复杂和怀疑是科学自身的特点。Notions观念；信念；理解Complexity复杂Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Hebreaksdownintearsashetrie

13、stoexplainthesignificanceofhisfinding.节目中安德鲁？威尔斯在说明其工作的重要价值时激动得泣不成声。breakdownA）使崩溃；毁坏。例如：Webrokedownourresolve.我们丧失了决心。B）消除Prejudicesbreakdownslowly.偏见消除得很慢。C）失效；抛锚Theelevatorbrokedown.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355SincetheimplementationoftheNationalCurriculuminthelate1980s,theteac

14、hingofthesedisciplineshaschangedradically.从20世纪80年代国家课程方案实施以来，关于科技的学科教育发生了根本上的改变。1）since在句中是“从时起”，与想在完成时连用。又如：Theyhavebeenfriendseversincetheywereingradeschool.他们从/、学起就直是好朋友。2）since还有"既然；因为”的意思，例如：Sinceyou'renotinterested,1won'ttellyouaboutit.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3

15、P355ScienceisnolongerpresentedasPhysics,ChemistryandBiologytobelearntparrotfashion,butasapracticaldisciplinerequiringcommunicationskillsandtheapplicationofknowledgeandunderstanding.现在，科学不再分为物理，化学和生物来进行"填鸭式"教授，而是作为实用型的学科要求学生的交流技巧，理解和灵活应用知识的能力。presentvtA）介绍，讲授。Thereportshouldbepresentedingre

16、atdetailandinclearerlanguageB）赠送：Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.C）呈交，递交：Thepetitionwillbepresentedtotheparliamentnextweek.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Theydeveloptheabilitytorecordandreportaswellastotranslateinformationfromoneformtoanothertosuita,particularaudienceorpurpose.他们

17、必须增强记录和报告的能力，以使得他们能够在不同的听众面前或为不同的目的而调整汇报的方式和内容。aswellas1)conj,既又Heiscourageousaswellasstrong.2)prep.(介词)者B。Theeditorsaswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.编辑和校对者者B在力口班工作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P356Pupilsareencouragedtoidentifyopportunitiesfordesignandtechnologicalactivitiesa

18、ndtoexpressthemverbally.学生们被鼓励找机会尝试设计，工艺实践和口头表达。1)identifyvt.A)认出；识别；鉴定。Iidentifiedthejacketatonce;itwasmybrother's.B)(与with连用)认为同一。Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他认为美与善是一致的。Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithinshelteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspeci

19、alizedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.重大课题答案的探索能够在环境舒适的实验室中进行。在一个个小工作间里，专家们分成小组愉快的分别进行缩放或放大比例的实验。上顶峰1)seek(sought,sought)vt.A)(常与for,after连用)搜寻，寻找。Wesoughtananswertothequestion,butcouldn'tfindone.Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithins

20、helteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspecializedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.2)scalen.天平，刻度，等级。例如：arulerwithscalesv.A）改变一大小。例如：scaleddowntheirdemandstofitreality；缩减需求以符合实际情况B）去除鱼鳞。Scaleandcleanthefish,将鱼除鳞洗净。C）攀登。例如：scaledthepeak爬上顶峰Unit28PopularSciencePassageP358Callittheeraoftrickle-downscience.这段时期被称为“滴落”型科学时代。1）trickle-down:adj.（液体的）点滴的；点滴投资理论的。例如：thetrickle-downeffect点滴投资理论作用2