2018年大学英语四级真题答案及解析

1、2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套）minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a shor t essay on the importanceof reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at l east 120 words but no morethan180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this sec

2、tion, you will hear threenews reports. At the end of each news report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the q uestions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresp

3、onding letter on Answer Sheet 1 withasinglelinethrough thecentre.Questions 1 and 2 arebased onthenews reportyou havejust heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owners daughter.B)A New Hampshire mans joke with friends on his wife.C)A fathers message for his daughter.D)The history of a cen

4、tury-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her fathers promise.C) She had beenasked byher fathertodo so.D) Shewas excitedto seeherfathershandwriting.QuestionsA3 and 4are basedonthenewsreport you have just hear3.A) People wereconcernedaboutthenumber of be

5、es.B)Severalcases ofZika diseasehad beenidentified.C)Two million beeswere infectedwithdisease.D)Zikavirus haddestroyedsomebee farms.4.A) Itapologizedto itscustomers.B)It was forced to kill itsbees.C)It lost a huge stock of bees.D)Itlost milliondollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report yo

6、u have just heardPart IWriting305.A) It stayed inthe air for abouttwo hours.B)Ittook off andlanded on a footballfield.C)Itproved to beof high commercialvalue.D)Itmade a seriesof sharp turns inthe sky.6.A) Engineering problems.B)The air pollution it produced.C)Inadequate funding.D)The opposition from

7、 the military.7.A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B)It fliesfaster than a commercial jet.C)It is a safer means of transportation.D)It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four

8、 questions. Both the conversation a nd the questions willbespoken only once. After you hear a questi on, you must choose the best answer from thefourchoicesmarkedA), B), C)and D).Then mark thecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet 1witha singlelinethroughthe centre.Questions8 to 11are basedon theconversa

9、tion youhave justheard8.A)Itseems adepressingtopic.B)Itsounds quitealarming.C)Ithaslittleimpact onour dailylife.D)Itisgettingmore seriousthesedays.9.A) The man doesnt understand Spanish.B)The woman doesnt really like dancing.C)They dont want something too noisy.D)They cant make it to the theatrein t

10、ime.10.A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B)It has too many acts to hold the audiences attention.C)It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D)It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11.A) Watch a comedy.B)Go and see the dance.C)Book the tickets online.D)See a film

11、 with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B)She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C)There are too many activities for her to cope with.D)She worries she wont fit in as a transfer student.13.A)

12、Seek advice from senior students.B)Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C)Participate in after-school activities.D)Look into what the school offers.14.A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B)Accept her as a transfer student.C)Find her accommodation on campus.D)Introduce her to her roommates.15.A) She ha

13、s interestssimilar to Mr. Lees.B)She has become friends with Catherine.C)She has chosen the major Catherine has.D)She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the en d of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the pas

14、sage and the questionswill be spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the b est answer from the fourchoices marked A),B), C) and D). Then m ark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha single lin e through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16

15、.A)To investigatehow beingoverweightimpactson healthB)To find out whichphysicaldriveis themostpowerful.C)To discover whatmost miceliketo eat.D)To determine whatfeelings micehave.17.A)When they arehungry.B)When they are thirsty.C)When they smell food.D)When they want company.18.A) They search for foo

16、d in groups.B)They are overweight when food is plenty.C)They prefer to be with other mice.D)They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) Its construction started before World War I.B)Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.C)It is

17、 efficiently used for transport.D)It is one of the best in the world.20.A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B)To move troops quickly from place to place.C)Toenablepeople to travel ata higher speed.D) Tospeedupthe transportationofgoods.21.A)Inthe1970s.B)Inthe1960sC) Inthe1950sD) Inthe1940

18、sQuestions 22to25 are based onthepassageyou have22.A)Chattingwhile driving.B)Messagingwhile driving.C) Drivingunderage.D) Speedingonhighways.23.A)A gadgetto hold a phoneonthe steering wheelB)Agadgettocharge the phoneina car.C) Adevicetocontrol the speedofa vehicle.D) Adevicetoensure people drivewith

19、 bothhands.24.A)Thecarkeeps flashing itsheadlights.B)Thecarslows down gradually to ahalt.C) They arealerted with a lightanda sound.D) They getawarning on their smartphone.25.A)Installinga camera.justheard.B)C)D)Using aCheckingKeepingconnected app.their emails.Part皿ReadingComprehension(40minutes)Sect

20、ion ADirections:Inthissection,there is a passage with10blanks. You are requiredtoselect onewordforeach blankfroma list ofchoices given in a wordbank followingRead thea daily recordthe passage.passage throughn the bank iscarefully before making youridentifiedchoices.Each choice iPlease mark theby a l

21、etter.n Answer Sheet 2 withcorrespondingletter foreach item osingle line through thein the bank more thancentre.once.An office tower on Millerpanels.inside.You may not use anyof the wordsin Manchester is completelyThey are used to create someof the energy used by the insurance company Whenthetower w

22、as firstStreetcovered in solar26_ in 1962, it was covered with thin squareThese small square stones becamea problem for the building and continued to fall offthe face for 40 years until a major renovation was _27_ . Duringstones.this renovation the buildings owners, CIS, _28_ the solar panel company

23、,Solar century. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIStower became Europes largest _29_ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such alarge _30_ has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done befor

24、e, and the CIS tower waschosen as one of the 10 best green energy projects. For a long time after this renovation project,it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _31_ overtaken by the Mill bankTower.Green buildings like this arent _32_ cost-efficient for the investor, but it do

25、es producemuch less pollution than that caused by energy _33_ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get_34_ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energymuch like trees do.Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasnt a race of _35_ , but rath

26、er one tocollect the most solar energy.A)cheaper B)cleaner C) collectionD) competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimension H)discovered I)eventuallyJ) heightK)necessarilyL) productionM)range N)scaleO) undertakenSectionBDirections:In thissection, youare goingto read a passage with ten statements attached

27、 toit. Each statement contains informationgiven inoneofthe paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the informationis derived.Youmaychoose aparagraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked witha letter.Answer thequestions by marking the correspondingletteron AnswerSheet2.Some College Students A

28、re Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework,take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hitto their finances thats replacingandsometimes joining

29、expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required tocomplete coursework and submit assignments.B) The codeswhich typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per coursegivestudents online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill andPearson. These companies,

30、which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boastedthat their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with,represent the future of the industry.C) But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seekingethos(观念) of the textboo

31、k business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they couldonce buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentiallyimpossible to avoid.D) When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断), anew way to

32、lock students around this system, said Ethan Senack, the higher education advocatefor the . Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. Rather than $250 (for a print textbook)youre paying $ 120, said Senack. But because its all digital it eliminates the used book marketand eliminates any shari

33、ng and because homework and tests are through an access code, iteliminates any ability to opt out.E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when shefirst started college in 2015pay rent or pay to turn in herchemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News tha

34、t her freshman chemistry class required her touse Connect, a system provided by McGrawHill where students can submit homework, take examsand track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120a big sum for Harper, whohad already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approachin

35、g.F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $ 150$ 200, to pay for thecode. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. Its a balancing act, she said.Can I really afford these access codes now She didnt hand in her first two assignments forchemis

36、try, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses,theyre the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported inMarch that its digital content sales exceeded pri

37、nt sales for the first time in 2015. The company saidthat 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 was derived from digital products.H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that digital materials are less expensive and a goodinvestment that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized kno

38、wledge checks and expertvideos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printedtextbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didnt respond to a request for comment, but its CEODavid Levin told the Financial Times in August that in higher education, the era of the pri

39、ntedtextbook is now over.I)The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. These digitalproducts arent just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features,David Anderson, the executivedirector of higher education with the Associati

40、on of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. Ithelps students understand in a way that you cant do with print homework assignments.J) David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digitaltextbooks across its math and psychology departments, toldBuzzFee

41、d News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But hedoesnt require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments.I try to make things as inexpensive as possible, said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for hisclasses but

42、designs his own curriculum. The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feellike Im giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit thestudents most.K) A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends$ 500-$ 6

43、00 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didnt require students to buy atextbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $ 900 on accesscodes to books and programs. Thats two months of rent, she said. You cant sell any of it back.With a traditional text

44、book you can sell it for $ 30 - $ 50 and that helps to pay for your newsemesters books. With an access code, youre out of that money. L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed Newsthat its ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition

45、 we have to pay for all these accesscodes to do our homework. Many of the access codes hes purchased have been required simplyto complete homework or quizzes. Often its only 10%of your grade in class. he said. Yourepaying so much money for something that hardly affects your gradebut if you didnthave

46、 it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C. Wolverton saidhe spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M) Harper, a poultry (家禽) science major, is taking chemistryagain this yearandhad to buy a new access code to hand in her homew

47、ork. She rented her economics and statisticstextbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which cant be rented or boughtsecond-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high p

48、rices.We dont really have a missed assignment policy, she said. If you miss it, you just miss it. I just gotzeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scaredfreshman looking at theirgrades, its not fun.36. A students yearly expenses on access codes may amo

49、unt to their rent for two months.37. The online access codes may be seen as away to tie the students to the digitalsystem.38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit theirassignments.39. McGrawHill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college

50、 textbooks.40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe willbe the future of the publishing business.41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42. Digital materials can cost students l

51、ess than half the price of traditional printed books according toa publisher.43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise fortheir students.45. Digi

52、tal access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is fo llowed by some questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarkedA), B), C)andD). Youshould decideon the bestchoice

53、 andmark thecorresponding letteron AnswerSheet2 with asingle linethroughthe centrePassage OneQuestions 46 and 50 arebased on thefollowingpassage.Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (

54、痴呆症)increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably neednt worry. There are pretty cleardifferences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, its quite commonto have trouble remembering the names of people, places andthings quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of B

55、righam and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain thatare important tolearning, memory and planning. Changes in braincells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be redu

56、ced asblood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But ifyou forget the plot of the movie or dont remember even seeing it, thats far more concerning, Daffnersays.Whenyou forget entire experiences, he says, thats a red flag that som

57、ething more serious maybe involved. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how todrive to the house of a friend youve visited many times before can also be signs of something goingwrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldnt panic. There are many thing

58、s that can causeconfusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing duringsleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications （药物） like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check onm

59、edications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defenseagainst memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brains cognitive （认知的） reserve,Daffner says.Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel wa

60、ys,he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, becauseexercise is a known brain booster.does the author say that one neednt be concerned about memory slipsall of them are symptoms of dementia.occur only among certain groups of people.all of them are rel