《麻醉的气道管理》

1、.Airway ManagementEMS ProfessionsTemple College.Topics for DiscussionAirway Maintenance ObjectivesAirway A&P ReviewCauses of Respiratory Difficulty & DistressAssessing Respiratory FunctionMethods of Airway ManagementMethods of Ventilatory ManagementCommon Out-of-Hospital Equipment UtilizedAd

2、vanced Methods of Airway Mgmt & VentilationsRisks to the Paramedic.Objectives of Airway Management & VentilationPrimary Objective:Ensure optimal ventilationDeliver oxygen to the bloodEliminate carbon dioxide (C02) from the bodyDefinitionsWhat is Airway Management?How does it differ from spon

3、taneous, manual or assisted Ventilations?.Objectives of Airway Management & VentilationWhy is this so important?Brain death occurs rapidly; Other tissue followsEMS providers can reduce additional injury/diseaseEMS providers often neglect BLS airway & ventilation skills.Airway Anatomy ReviewA

4、natomy of the Upper AirwayAnatomy of the Lower AirwayLung Capacities/VolumesPediatric Airway Differences.Anatomy of the Upper AirwayFunctions: Warm, Filter, HumidifyNasopharynxformed by union of facial bonesnasal floor towards ear not eyelined with mucous membranes and ciliatissues are delicate and

5、vascular.Anatomy of the Upper AirwayOropharynxTeethTongueLg muscle attached at mandible and hyoid bonesMost common airway obstructionPalateRoof of mouthSeparates oro- & nasopharynxAnterior=hard palate; Posterior=soft palate.Anatomy of the Upper AirwayOropharynxAdenoidslymph tissue - filters bact

6、eriacommonly infectedEpiglottisPrevents aspirationDirects air vs. otherVallecula“pocket” formed by the base of tongue & epiglottis.Anatomy of the Upper Airway.Anatomy of the Upper AirwaySinusescavities formed by cranial bonesact as tributaries for fluid to & from eustachian tubes & tear ductstrap bacteria, commonly infected.Anatomy of the Upper AirwayLarynxattached to hyoid bonehyoid: horseshoe shaped bone (cartilage)hyoid supports tracheathyroid cartilagefirst tracheal cartilage -