2020秋高二英语人教版选修7学案：Unit 2　RobotsSection Ⅰ　Warming UpReading

1、unit 2robotsabout robotsa robot is a machine which is designed to do the work of a human being. it is usually controlled by a computer. once it has been given a set of things to do, it will do the job on its own. robots can paint cars, salvage (抢救) nuclear fuel and even assist in brain surgery (外科手术

2、), but they're still pretty dumb. today robots can recognize forms and shapes and measure distance and so on. many robots have one or two of these abilities to some degree, but creating a competent (有能力的) robot that combines most or all of them has been difficult.current (目前的) robots have advanc

3、ed sensory systems that process information and appear to function as if they had brains. their “brain” is actually a form of computerized artificial intelligence (al). al allows a robot to perceive conditions and decide upon a course of action based on those conditions.a robot can include any of th

4、e following parts：effectors “arms”“legs”“hands”“feet”sensors parts that act like senses and can detect (侦测) objects or things like heat and light and change the object information into symbols that computers understandcomputer the brain that contains instructions called algorithms (规则系统) to control

5、the robotequipment this includes tools and mechanical fixtures (机械手臂)开启快乐学习之旅未来的机器人会是什么样子，现在的机器人由哪些部分构成，它们主要应用在哪些领域？阅读本文，了解机器人的一些基本常识吧！unit 2robots section warming up reading.重点单词1desire vi. 渴望；欲望；渴求；vt. 希望得到；想要2satisfaction n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物satisfy vt. 使满意；使满足satisfied adj. 感到满意的；感到满足的3alarm vt. 使警觉

6、；使惊恐；惊动；n. 警报；惊恐alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的4sympathy n. 同情(心)5elegant adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的6favour n. 喜爱；恩惠；vt. 喜爱；偏袒7scan vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描8absurd adj. 荒谬的；可笑的9accompany vt. 陪伴；伴奏company n. 陪伴；公司10awful adj. 极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的11declare vt. 宣布；声明；宣称；表明12envy vt. 忌妒；羡慕envious adj. 嫉妒的；羡慕的.重点短语1test_out 考验

7、出；检验完2ring_up 给打电话3turn_around 转身；翻转4leave.alone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起.重点句式1itbeadj.that.it_was_disturbing_and_frightening_that he looked so human.他长得如此像人，令人不安和害怕。2表地点的副词there位于句首引起的倒装句as she turned around, there_stood gladys claffern.她一转身，就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。3cannot have sb.doing sth. 不能容忍某人做某事but e

8、ven though tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt you cannot_have_women_falling_in_love_with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造总不能让女人与机器人相爱吧。课文预读satisfaction guaranteedlarry belmont worked for a company that made robots. recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot. it was goin

9、g to be tested out by larry's wife, claire.claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks， but larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. it would be a bonus. however, when she first saw the robot,

10、 she felt alarmed. his name was tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine. he was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.satisfaction/sætis'fækn/n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a company。household/'hashld/adj. 家庭的

11、；家用的n一家人；家庭test out考验出；检验完absent adj.不在的；缺席的as her husband would be absent.是as引导的时间状语从句。bonus/'bns/n. 额外津贴；奖金；红利alarmed/'lmd/adj. 担心的；害怕的alarm/'lm/vt. 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n. 警报；惊恐more.than.与其说倒不如说包君满意第12段译文拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司里工作。最近，该公司要对一个家用机器人进行试验。这项试验将由拉里的夫人克莱尔来检验。克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是当她丈夫将要离家三

12、周的时候，但是拉里说服了她，他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。这会是个意外的收获。然而，她初次见到机器人的时候就感到有点儿担心。机器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一个人，而不像台机器。他虽然面部表情毫无变化，但是个子高大，相貌英俊，头发平整，声音低沉浑厚。on the second morning tony, wearing an apron， brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. she felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go.

13、it was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.one day, claire mentioned that she didn't think she was clever. tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. but she began to trust him. she told him how she wa

14、s overweight and this made her feel unhappy. also she felt her home wasn't elegant enough for someone like larry who wanted to improve his social position. she wasn't like gladys claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around.apron/'eiprn/n. 围裙本句是主从复合句。whether引导宾语从句。现在分词短语we

15、aring an apron作定语，修饰tony。embarrassed adj. 难堪的；尴尬的disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的在句式it isadj.that.中，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。ridiculous adj. 可笑的；荒谬的sympathy/'simpi/n. 同情(心)overweight/v'weit/adj. 超重的；体重超常的elegant/'elint/adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的who wanted to improve his social position是who引导的定语从句，修饰larry。第

16、34段译文第二天早晨，托尼戴着围裙，给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。她感到有点儿尴尬，很快就打发他走了。机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。有一天，克莱尔说起，她觉得她自己不聪明。托尼则说，她一定是很不高兴，才会说出这样的话来。克莱尔觉得，被一个机器人同情有点荒唐。但是她开始信任托尼了。她告诉托尼她是怎么变胖的，这让她很不高兴。还有对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说，她的家也不够高雅。她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是远近闻名的最有钱有势的女人之一。 第56段译文托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更聪明，使她的家变得更高雅大方。于是克莱尔从图书馆借来一

17、堆书给托尼阅读，更确切地说给他浏览一下。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页，忍不住突然伸出手来摸他的手。他的手指甲和他那柔软温暖的皮肤使她感到大为惊异。她在想，这是多么可笑啊，他只不过是一台机器呀。托尼给克莱尔换了个发型，又改变了她的化妆风格。因为不被允许陪克莱尔去商店，托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。克莱尔进城去买了窗帘、坐垫、地毯和床上用品。然后她去了一家珠宝店买项链。柜台售货员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。售货员马上就改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并说他是个“可爱的人”。她刚一转过身去，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这多么难为情啊。

18、从格拉迪丝脸上的那有趣而又惊讶的神情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为她有风流韵事。毕竟格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫叫拉里，而不叫托尼。 第78段译文克莱尔回到家里，坐在扶手椅上气得直哭。格拉迪丝的一举一动都是克莱尔想模仿的。托尼告诉克莱尔：“你可以同格拉迪丝一样，”他还建议克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩，时间就定在托尼离去和拉里回家之前的那个晚上。托尼想在此之前将房子改装得焕然一新。托尼有条不紊地搞着装修。克莱尔有一次想来帮忙，但是太笨手笨脚了。她竟从梯子上掉了下来，尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，但他还是及时赶过来把她接住了。他把她紧紧地搂在怀里，她感觉到了他身上的温暖。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回

19、她的房里，那天她就再也没有出来过。 第910段译文聚会的那天晚上来到了。时钟敲响八点。客人马上就要到来了，克莱尔叫托尼到另一个房间里去。就在那一瞬间，托尼弯曲胳膊搂着她，弯下身去把脸贴近她的脸。她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。就在这时，前门的门铃响了。托尼放开了她，消失得无影无踪了。也就在这时，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。她的客人们把这一切看得一清二楚！克莱尔和她的房子、美食给女士们留下了深刻的印象。就在她们离开之前，克莱尔听到格拉迪丝跟另外一个女人小声地说，她从来没有见过像托尼这样英俊的男人。受到那些女士的忌妒

20、，这该是多么甜美的胜利！克莱尔也许并没有她们那样漂亮，但是她们中没有任何一个人拥有这样英俊的情人。 第1112段译文这时候，她记起来了托尼只不过是一台机器。她高声嚷着“让我独自待一会儿”就跑上床。克莱尔哭了一个晚上。第二天早晨一辆汽车开来，把托尼带走了。公司对托尼同克莱尔相处三个星期的实验报告非常满意。托尼保护了一个人免受伤害。他使克莱尔没有因为她的失败感而伤害自己。那天晚上他拉开窗帘以便让其他女人看到了他和克莱尔，他明白这么做对克莱尔的婚姻并不造成危害。但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。课文理解.课文判断正(t)误(f)1larry was going to b

21、e away from home so he hired a robot to accompany his wife.(f)2claire didn't like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last.(t)3tony could understand claire when she said she was not clever.(t)4it was claire that first decided to invite gladys and her friends to her house.(f)5clair

22、e's guests were filled with admiration when they saw her house was completely changed.(t)6the company was satisfied with tony's report because he had successfully made a woman fall in love with him.(f).课文阅读理解1why did claire feel alarmed at the sight of tony?abecause he was a robot.bbecause s

23、he didn't like him.cbecause he was more like a human being than a machine.dbecause he never changed his facial expressions.答案：c2the robot tony helped claire to realize her dream by _.amaking her home more elegantbgiving her a new haircut and changing the makeup she worecgiving her advice on her

24、dressesdall the above答案：d3why did claire buy the items from the shop?abecause her husband was to return.bbecause tony was to leave.cbecause tony wanted the house transformed.dbecause she thought she needed them.答案：c4which of the following is not the reason why tony opened the curtains?ato let other

25、women see everything.bto show the risk of claire's marriage.cto let other women envy claire.dto make claire elegant just like her neighbor.答案：b5as a result, the experiment shows _.aclaire fell in love with tonybtony had to be rebuiltctony was angry with his designerdboth a and b答案：d.课文难句分析1clair

26、e didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.句式分析本句是but连接的并列句。第一个分句中含有as引导的原因状语从句；第二个分句中that引导宾语从句。自主翻译克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是丈夫离家的这三周。但是拉里说服她，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人伤害她。

27、2she cried out “tony” and then heard him declare that he didn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句。heard him declare.是“hear宾语宾语补足语”结构；declare后接两个并列的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，而第二个that则不能省略。自主翻译她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她

28、开心。3he had opened the curtains that night so that the other women would see him and claire, knowing that there was no risk to claire's marriage.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句。so that引导目的状语从句；knowing that there was no risk to claire's marriage为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中that引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。自主翻译那晚他拉开了窗帘，以便让其他女士看到他和克莱尔，并且知

29、道那不会对克莱尔的婚姻带来风险的。1 (教材p10)do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和欲望吗？(1)have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that. 渴望(从句中谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略)温馨提示当desire后接同位

30、语从句、表语从句或者宾语从句时，that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气“should动词原形”，且should可省略。即学即用(1)he has a strong desire for knowledge/to learn knowledge.他有强烈的求知欲。(2)the desire to help others must come from the deep heart.帮助别人的愿望必须来自内心深处。(3)he has a desire that his books (should)_be_read by as many people as possible.他有一个愿望，即他的书能够被尽

31、可能多的人阅读。(4)he is an aggressive young man, who always desires_to be first in everything he does.他是一个进取心强的年轻人，任何他做的事他都想得第一。2 (教材p11)however, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.然而当她初次见到机器人的时候，她感到惊恐。(1)in alarm惊恐地sound/give/raise the alarm 发出警报；敲警钟(2)be alarmed at/by. 被吓一跳；对感到担心be/feel/get a

32、larmed to do. 做感到惊恐(3)alarmed adj. 受惊的，惊恐的alarming adj. 引起惊恐的；令人担忧的即学即用(1)we were much alarmed by the fire in the forest at the time.当时森林失火使我们大为惊慌。(2)as soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm.一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。(3)用alarm的正确形式填空i am rather alarmed to hear that you are planning to leave the company

33、.i don't want to alarm you, but there is a strange man in your garden.the rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate.“what have you done？” mary cried in alarm.3 (教材p11)claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.克莱尔觉得被一个机器人同情有点儿荒唐可笑。feel/have sympathy for sb. 同情某人in

34、sympathy with 同情；赞同；支持out of sympathy 出于同情have no/some/etc. sympathy with不支持，不赞同/赞同，支持即学即用(1)the man is cold­hearted and he has no sympathy for beggars.这个人很冷血，他不同情乞丐。(2)the woman expressed sympathy for the little girl's sufferings.这位女士对小女孩的遭遇表示同情。(3)i'm in_sympathy_with you on that poin

35、t.在那一点上我支持你的看法。(4)he gave the poor child much help out_of_sympathy.出于同情他给了这个穷孩子很多帮助。4 (教材p11)as a favour tony promised to help claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。(1)do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人的忙ask sb.a favourask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙in

36、 favour of. 支持in sb's favour 对某人有利(2)favourite adj. 特别喜欢的favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的即学即用(1)do me a favour and turn the radio down while i'm on the phone, will you?劳驾，我在打电话时你把收音机的声音调小点儿好吗？(2)we are in favour of her promotion to president.我们支持把她提升为主席。(3)the weather favoured our voyage.天气对我们的航行有利。(

37、4)读句子猜favour的含义a mother shouldn't show too much favour to one of her children. 偏爱(5)the rule is in most_people's_favour.这个规定对大多数人有利。(6)while listening, you can nod your head to show you are in_favour_of her views.在听的时候，你可以点头表示你赞同她的观点。5 (教材p11)as he was not allowed to accompany her to the sho

38、ps, he wrote out a list of items for her.因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店，所以托尼就给她写了份购物清单。(1)accompany sb.to sp.陪某人去某地accompany sb.on/at sth. 用给某人伴奏(2)keep pany 陪伴某人温馨提示(1)通常不用accompany sb.to do sth.结构；(2)accompany(陪伴，伴随)是及物动词，其后无需用介词。但用于被动语态时，其后可接介词with或by。即学即用(1)yesterday i accompanied my mother to the shop.昨天我陪着妈妈去

39、了商店。(2)strong winds were accompanied by heavy rain.狂风夹杂着暴雨。(3)the singer was_accompanied on the piano by her elder sister.女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。(4)陪伴那位老人的是一条狗。(一句多译)what accompanies the old man is a dog.what keeps the old man company is a dog.6 (教材p11)she cried out “tony” and then heard him declare that he di

40、dn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。declare for/against声明赞成/反对declare sb./sth.(to be)adj./n. 声称某人/某事declarethat从句 宣布/宣告declare war on/upon/against 对宣战declare itadj.wh­从句 宣称it is/wasdeclar

41、edthat从句 据宣布易混辨析(1)declare指在庄严场合，官方的权威人士公开、郑重地宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。(2)announce指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事和商品信息等。即学即用(1)they will declare the results of the election soon.他们将很快宣布选举的结果。(2)the judge declared him (to be) the winner of the competition.裁判宣布他为比赛的冠军。(3)she declared (that) she was right.她宣称她

42、是正确的。(4)germany declared war on/upon/against france in 1914.德国在1914年向法国宣战了。(5)选词填空(declare/announce)the republic of south sudan declared itself independence in 2011.they announced the date of their wedding in the newspaper.(6)根据汉语提示完成句子the government is going to declare_war_on/against/upon (向宣战) pol

43、lution.the monitor announced_that (通知) there would be an english party next tuesday.the spokesman of the foreign ministry will announce_the_news_to (向发布新闻) the reporters.1 (教材p11)when the clerk at the counter was rude to her, she rang tony up and told the clerk to speak to him.当柜台的售货员粗鲁地对待她时，她就打电话给托

44、尼，让售货员同托尼说话。ring off 挂断电话ring back 回电话ring out (钟声)响起；送别即学即用i rang her up yesterday, but nobody answered it.我昨天打过(电话)给她了，但无人回应。i was about to answer the phone when it was rung off.我正要接电话，这时电话被挂断了。can you hear the church bells ringing out the old year?你能听到教堂的钟声在辞送旧岁吗？名师点津表示“给某人打电话”的表达还有：call up, give

45、.a call/ring, phone/call/telephone.等。2 (教材p11)as she turned around, there stood gladys claffern.她一转身，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。turn round转身turn down 拒绝；调小turn up 出现；调高turn over 翻转；移交turn to 转向；翻到；求助于turn in 上交turn out 结果是即学即用she turned around/round and saw her companion running toward her out of breath.她

46、转过身来，看见她的同伴气喘吁吁地向她跑来。i am afraid your request for a pay rise was turned down again.恐怕你们要增加工资的要求又一次被拒绝。we were all overjoyed at the news that the experiment turned out a success.听到这个试验成功的消息，我们都非常高兴。having read page one, she turned over to page two.读完了第一页，她翻到第二页。3 leave.alone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起(教材p12

47、)she shouted “leave me alone” and ran to her bed.她高声喊：“让我独自待一会儿！”然后就跑向她的床上。leave out省去；遗漏leave aside 搁置在一边leave for 动身去leave behind 留下；忘记即学即用no child likes being left alone at home while others go out to enjoy themselves.没有孩子会喜欢被一个人留在家里，而别人都出去玩了。before you leave, take care not to leave anything behi

48、nd.离开前，注意不要丢下什么东西。john is leaving for london tomorrow and i will see him off at the airport.约翰将明天前往伦敦，我要去机场为他送行。1 she wasn't like gladys claffern， one of the richest and most powerful women around.她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是远近闻名的最有钱有势的女人之一。本句中one of the richest.在句中作同位语，对gladys claffern作进一步解释和说明。(1)

49、名词、代词作同位语。there is an emergency shelter in winnipeg called “hannah's place”， something that hannah is very proud of.(2017·北京高考)在winnipeg这个地方有个叫hannah's place的应急庇护所，这是hannah为之感到自豪的地方。i'm li hua, a_student_from_china.(2014·全国卷i满分作文)我是李华，一位来自中国的学生。(2)不定式、动名词作同位语。the young man trie

50、d to achieve his aim entering the key university.这个年轻人努力实现他的目标进入重点大学。(3)从句作同位语。同位语从句通常跟在某些抽象名词(fact, plan, view, idea, belief, opinion, possibility, thought等)后，用来说明所修饰词的内容。in the meantime, those volunteers hold the opposite view that they are fed up with the earth life and eager for living on the ma

51、rs.同时，那些持相反观点的志愿者认为，他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。2 but even though tony had been so clever， he would have to be rebuiltyou cannot have women falling in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。(1)have sb.doing sth.表示“让某人做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语，表示持续的动作或状态。don't have the light burning like that.不要让灯总那样

52、亮着。you may have your horse running (run) freely on grassland.在草原上你可以让马自由驰骋。(2)have的其他常见搭配：have sb.do sth.让某人做某事have sth.done使某事情被做或使遭遇(某种不幸)have sth.to do(主语)有某事要做i'll have mary show (show) you to your room.我会让玛丽带你去你的房间。i had my watch repaired (repair) yesterday.我昨天让人修了手表。.单词拼写1he has great symp

53、athy (同情) for the poor and the unfortunate.2when it was declared (宣布) that the 19th cpc national congress was a success, all the chinese cheered.3to our satisfaction (满意), the disabled have easy access to any part of the new theatre.4it is desired (渴望) that you join our club, as it is a great way to

54、 keep fit and a good chance to relax ourselves.5since i have never been there before, i am writing to ask you to do me a favour_ (帮忙)6he has an ambition to accompany (陪伴) his mother to jiuzhaigou for a trip.7we all envy (羡慕) him the good chance to make a profit.8if there is a fire, don't forget

55、to call the number 119 and sound the alarm (警报)9it is known to all that the obesity and overweight (超重) problems are on the rise in china.10from ancient times, guilin has been noted for its elegant (优雅的) landscape.选词填空test out, ring up, turn around, leave.alone, be impressed by/with, or rather, in favour of, with