山东省威海市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题(附答案及解析)

1、山东省威海市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题题号7四五总分得分评卷人 得分一、完型填空本大题共1道小题。1.Hardship comes in different shapes and sizes. But few things in life are as 21 as feeling cut off from the people we love.Recently, while 22 against the COVID-19, my grandkids and I have to stay indoors and started23 via Wechat. Mostly, I

2、 read to them because I love doing it, but I also do it for their parents' mental health. Besides having to stay indoors, they are 24 to homeschool their kids, who can*t go to school or play with their friends.Reading to each other is an age-old practice to me. It has 25 and healing （治愈的）power e

3、specially in current situation. When we read, we see the words with our eyes. But hearing them read is a different26» we just need to be quiet and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it 27 mean far morethan the words. Today, I wechatted with my grandkids, Ran and Weyz and read them a book

4、 my kids loved long ago, and they thought it 28, frequently bursting out laughing.Now more than ever, while keeping a safe distance, we all need to 29 each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be 3021. A. life-changingB. heartbreakingC. risk-takingD. troublemaking2

5、2. A. shelteringB. arguingC. goingD. warning23. A. chattingB. readingC. drawingD. singing24. A. permittedB. selectedC. invitedD. forced25. A. comfortingB. sufferingC. controllingD. opposing26. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. explorationD. choice27. A. identifiesB. harvestsC. defendsD. involves28. A. an

6、noyingB. incredibleC. funnyD. complicatedC. Leaves.D. Fur.2. What can be inferred from the text?A. Pollination means a lot to fruits and grains.B. Nearly a thousand plants depend on pollination.C. Monkeys are the only nonflying mammal pollinators.D. There are more than 20,000 different species of po

7、llinators.3. What threat are honeybees faced with?A. Climate change.C. Invasive predators.4. What does the underlined “a real danger” inA. Bees are disappearing.C. Food shortage is serious.5. Which might be the best title?A. The Importance of PollinatorsC. The Wonder of ReproductionB. Habitat loss.D

8、. Colony collapse disorder.the last paragraph refer to?B. Humans can only survive 4 years.D. No pollinating plants, no healthy food.B. The Creator of NatureD. The Secret Life of Bees3.1 I was interested in different science fiction ideas and technologies. But there is one theme in science fiction th

9、at has always troubled me: when technology subverts （颠覆）its creators.2 I've been involved in dozens of technology projects. I have to admit that seldom in our design or business discussions have we spent much time on the possible negative impact of our work on the world. Instead, in most cases w

10、e just create technology because we see a need, or to solve a problem.3 Technology has been responsible for an age of distraction. Recently while driving from northern New York City to the Elmira area, I saw signs saying, Z/Next texting stop is three miles ahead. Don't text and drive.” Most stat

11、es have already outlawed texting while driving, and yet we hear almost weekly of traffic accidents caused by drivers tapping on smartphones. I don't believe Steve Jobs and Apple dreamed that the iPhone, or smartphones in general, would give rise to this level of distraction.4 In a recent Harvard

12、 Business Review piece entitled 'liberal Arts （人文科学）in the Data Age/ the author writes about the importance of reconnecting humanism with engineering approach. Many of today's engineers have been so focused on creating new technologies that their short term goals risk covering up unintended

13、long-term outcomes. A few companies, such as Intel, are forward-thinking enough to include ethics （伦理学）professionals on their staff. At this point all tech companies should start getting serious about the need to hire people with backgrounds in areas such as psychology and philosophy （哲学）.5 My hope

14、is that we can all move a little more in creating technology that is both impactful and thoughtful in its engagement with our lives and the world.11. What inspires people to create technologies according to the writer?A. A desire to think and create.B. An interest in technology.C. A need to settle a

15、 problem.D. An idea from science fiction.12. Why is the example of “texting" mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. To tell thearrival ofanewage.B.To criticizewrong driving behaviors.C. To stress SteveJobs/contributions.D.To shownegative impact of technology.13. Which of the following can best replace “gi

16、ve rise to" in Paragraph 3?A. Cause.B.Resolve.C. Confirm.D.Permit.14. According to the writer; forward-thinking tech companies should.A. value liberal arts professionalsB. put huge profits firstC. focus on creating new technologiesD. hire bookish engineers15. What does the writer want to get ac

17、ross to readers?A. The significance of Liberal Arts.B. Less dependence on technology.C. The importance of humanism in technology.D. Diverse views on science fiction.4.1 In 1856, a British survey team measured the height of Qomolangma with the result of 8,840 meters above sea level. However; the exac

18、t measurement has never been settled. In 1955, the figure was adjusted by an Indian survey team to 8,848 meters, and later to 8,850 meters according to a US team in 1999. And in 2005, a Chinese team gained a height of 8,844 meters, but that result wasn't widely accepted either.2 On May 6, 2020,

19、a 30-member Chinese survey team, equipped with the latest technology, including a Global Navigation Satellite System receiver and a radar to measure the mountain's snow cap, is determined to settle the dispute （争议）.3 But measuring Qomolangma is no easy task. The average air temperature there is

20、-29 C and hurricane-like winds blow all the time. According to Li Guopeng, leader of the No.l Geodetic Survey Team of China*s Ministry of Natural Resources, despite advanced technologies we now have the likes of robots and drones it's uncertain that they can operate smoothly under extreme condit

21、ions, which is why sending human experts to the peak is still necessary to ensure a precise reading. But5 The truth is that measuring the height of Qomolangma is much more than just getting that one particular number. Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observing crustal （t也壳的）movements. Tiny

22、 changes to the peak*s height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other. The survey team will also get firsthand information about the condition of the snow and other natural materials at the top, which could be an indica

23、tor of climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.6 It might be true that settling a dispute was the driving force for continued exploration, but the good thing is that we always end up discovering so much more.6. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The importance of Qomolangma.B. The dispute of Qo

24、molangma's height.C The difficulty in measuring Qomolangma.D. The change of Qomolangma's height.7. What does Li Guopeng think of the new devices they carried?A. They can read and deal with the results precisely.B. They might break down under unusual conditions.C. They are the latest advanced

25、 technology in the world. D. They will work properly without human's instructions.8. Which of the following is best for the blank in the text?A. what is the process of China's measurement?B. how is the latest technology used for the research?C does a tiny difference really matter for a huge

26、mountain?D. do extreme conditions actually affect the measurement?9. What is to be discovered through the exact height of Qomolangma?A. The depth of snowcap.B. The diversity of natural materials.C. The state of crustal movements.D. The change of worldwide climate.10. What is the writer's purpose

27、 in writing the text?A. To recommend a good way to settle a dispute.B. To show the history of measuring Qomolangma.C. To advertise China's latest advanced technology.D. To stress the value of China's latest exploration in Qomolangma.评卷入得分5.二、书面表达本大题共2道小题。应用文写作Suppose you are Li Hua. You are

28、at a Chinese Art Festival. Please do a live broadcast（直）番）to introduceone or two of the following art forms to your friend Eric in New Zealand. （The beginning is given and 80 wordsor so are expected.）seal cuttingcalligraphypaper cuttingChinese painting6.阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Is Fast Fashion Takin

29、g Over?The fashion industry has changed significantly in recent years. Traditionally, fashion retailers（零售商） created two clothing collections per year, called seasons. Nowadays, in contrast, they can design and manufacture（生产）clothes in as little as four weeks. Fast Fashion means that the latest des

30、igns shown at the fashion shows in Paris, London, New York, and Milan can be coped and sold in shopping malls within a month.The advantages of rapidly changing fashions are clear. Shortening the life cycle of a product means that if a design doesn't sell well within a week, it is taken out of th

31、e stores and replaced with a new one. This is good for manufacturers, as it means a greater volume of sales. It is also good for customers, who can keep up with fast-moving trends cheaply and who can enjoy finding something new every time they visit the store.However, there are also a number of disa

32、dvantages to the fast-fashion approach. Perhaps the biggest concern is the impact of wasted clothes on the environment. The low cost of most fast fashion enables shoppers to buy several new sets of clothes each season. This means that huge amounts of clothing are thrownaway. Furthermore, with fashio

33、ns changing so quickly, cotton growers need to produce more cotton more cheaply, and that means using more pesticides and chemicals. A third problem is the theft of ideas. Fashion houses invest a lot of time and money in new designs, only to see these ideas stolen and copied by fast-fashion companie

34、s.评卷人得分7.In short, these days it seems that the fashion industry is changing almost as fast as the fashion it produces. What do you think of this?三、新的题型本大题共2道小题。Franklin's Experiment: How Much Is True?Benjamin Franklin's famous lightning experiment has introduced generations of children to s

35、cience.16The well-known story is that Franklin flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity. 17 He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the str

36、ing. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. 18 This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity.For years, schools have taught this story and it has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important to establish

37、 the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.Howeveo neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.19 But sc

38、ientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to

39、come up with his theory of gravity.20 But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear even if it is a great story.A. Franklin was one of them.B. The detail about the string and the key is true.C. It's true that many

40、discoveries start with an experiment.D. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth.E. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.F. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.G. This experiment proves beyond any doubt t

41、hat lightning is an electric phenomenon. 8.Recently I dined at a “dark restaurant', 41 people eat in complete darkness, 42 (serve) by blind staff. I wanted to understand the experience of being blind, and I thought 43 (eat) would be the most difficult activity.It was a difficult meal. Because we

42、 couldn't see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and 44 (drop) food. My senses of taste and smell became more sensitive, and I ate much more45 (slow). Pouring water was very difficult, plus I kept drinking from my friend's glass.After 46 (fail) to pick up any food with

43、a fork, I decided to use my hands. I reached down,47 (expect) rice and vegetables, but instead I stuck my hand into a bowl of warm, thick soup. "It's best to use a spoon for this course/ the waiter said into my ear, helpfully but much too late. Even using a spoon, most of the soup ended up

44、on my shirt. I felt 48 (embarrass), even though no one could see me.Our waiter advised us 49 (lift) the plates and bowls close to our faces. However, I still left the restaurant with a sense of 50 (hungry), though I was much more aware of the challenges that blind people face.评卷人 得分四、填空本大题共10道小题,9.A

45、 walking house is(有能力的)of using GPS technology to travel to different places.(根据汉语意思及 首字母完成句子) 10.Experts say the bad weather has o(发生)so frequently mainly due to climate change.(根据汉语意思及 首字母完成句子) 11.The meeting discussed how to promote c(合作)between the two countries.(根据汉语意思及首字 母完成句子) 12.All d(捐献)blo

46、od is tested for HIV and other infections.(根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)13.The plastic that ends up in the ocean might be。肖费）by the same fish which gets on our plate.（根据 汉语意思及首字母完成句子）14.We regret to i（告知I） you that your application has been rejected.（根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子） 15.In a school or college, c（核心）subjects are a

47、group of subjects that have to be studied.（根据汉语意思 及首字母完成句子）16.They exchanged g（问候）and got down to business.（根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子）17.Like the young, old people also have the need of cultural life and the need of a（娱乐）.（根据汉语意思 及首字母完成句子）18.The defending champion faced several strong（对手）in the quarter-finals.

48、（根据汉语意思及首字母 完成句子）试卷答案1.21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. C这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新冠期间，作者与亲人隔绝，通过微信阅读来抚慰心灵。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，生活中没有什么比感觉与我们所爱的人隔绝更令人心碎的了。A. life-changing 改变人生的：B. heartbreaking 心碎的：C. risk-taking 冒险的；D. troublemaking 制造麻烦的。由卜一文的feeling cut off from the people we love

49、可知，与所爱的人隔绝令人心碎。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在躲避COVID-19 （新冠肺炎）的时候，我和孙子们不得不待在家里， 开始通过微信进行阅读。A. sheltering躲避：B. arguing争辩：C. going去;D. warning警告。由下文的against theCCMD-19可知，是在躲避COVID-19。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在躲避COVID-19的时候，我和孙子们不得不待在家里，开始通过微信 进行阅读。A. chatting 聊天:B. reading 阅读；C. drawing 画画：D. singing

50、唱歌。由下文的 I read to thembecause I love doing it可知，新冠期间作者开始通过微信进行阅读。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了必须待在家里，他们还被迫在家教育孩子，孩子不能上学，不能和朋友 一起玩。A. permitted 承认；B. selected 选择；C. invited 邀请：D. forced 强迫。由上文 while 2 against the COVID-19和Besides having to stay indoors可知，新冠期间不能出门，孩子无法去上学，父母亲人只能 被迫在家教育孩子。故选D项。【25题详解】 考查动

51、词词义辨析。句意：它具有抚慰和治愈的力量，尤其是在当前的情况下。A. comforting安慰：B. suffering遭受：C.controlling控制：D.opposing反对。由下文的healing（治愈的）power可知，阅读具有抚 慰和治愈的力量。故选A项。【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但听他们朗读是另一种体验，我们只需要安静地倾听.A. atmosphere气氛：B.experience经历、体验：C.exploration探索：D.choice选择°由上文的hearing them read可知，这是 一种体验/经历。故选B项。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨

52、析。句意：有时候，声音和它（朗读）所包含的爱，远比言语更重要，A. identifies认出:B. harvests收获；C. defends防御；D. involves包含。由本处语境可知,此处指孩子们朗读时所包含的爱。故选D项。【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：今天，我和我的孙子孙女们聊了天，Ran和Wey,给他们读了一本我的孩 子们很久以前喜欢的书，他们觉得很有趣，经常大笑。A. annoying烦人的：B. incredible难以置信的：C. funny有趣的;D.complicated复杂的。由下文的bursting out laughing可知,这本书很有趣。故选C项。【

53、29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当保持一个安全距离时，现在，我们比以往任何时候，我们都需要互相扶持。A. sing high praise for 高度赞扬：B. show respect for 尊重:C. give way to 向妥协:D. hold on to 坚持住。由上文语境可知，此处指新冠期间，虽然只能待在家里，但家人们要相互扶持。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们读到的单词是如此的强大，以至于它们永远不会被遗忘。A. considered 考虑;B. changed改变；C. forgotten忘记；D. expected期望。由上文语境可知,阅读具有

54、抚慰和治愈的 力量，阅读声音和阅读所包含的爱，远比言语更重要，所以读到的单词永远不会被遗忘。故选C项。2.1. B2. A3. D4. D5. A这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了授粉者对世界的重要性。【1题详解】 细门理解题。由第一段中的"he bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen （the powder produced by a flower） stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leav

55、es the pollen as it has another meal.（蜜蜂停下来快速尝一尝，小粒花粉（花朵产生的粉末）黏在的身体上。然后蜜蜂跑 到另一朵花上，在吃另一顿饭时留下花粉。）可知蜜蜂在花朵A上沾到花粉，又跑到花朵B上，会在花 朵B上留下花粉。故选B项。【2题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的"Worldwide, nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination suddenly stoppe

56、d, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods/ （在世界范围内，我们种植的用于食品、香料、服装纤维和医药的近千种植物都 依赖于授粉。如果授粉突然停I匕 我们就没有苹果、西红柿、咖啡和其他许多商品。）可推断出授粉对 水果和谷物有很大的意义，故选A项.【3题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中的"A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from thei

57、r colony.'* （蜜蜂面临的一个严重威胁是蜂群崩溃失调，匚蜂会神秘地从蜂 群中消失。）可知蜜蜂而临蜂群崩溃失调的威胁。故选D项。【4题详解】 词句猜测题。由第五段中的"Whether that's true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is l real danger, "The healthiest food we need to eat/ he says, z/wo

58、uld disappear without pollinating plants. It's pretty serious.""（野生动物摄影师路易施瓦茨伯格说:不管那是真是假并不重要，关键是存在真正的危险。我们需要吃的最健康的食物，他说，如果不给植物 授粉，它们就会消失。这很严重。”），可知，a real danger （真正的危险）指的是“没有授粉植物，没有 健康的食物,故选D项。【5题详解】 主旨大意题。由第二段首句"It's not only plants that depend on animal pollination humans d

59、o, too."（赖动 物授粉的不仅是植物，人类也是。）第四段首句"Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk." （因此,传粉者很重要,但它们也处于危险之中。）和第五段"There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left to live. Whether that's true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwar