人教版八年级英语上册单元笔记_I_(Unit1-Unit6)_本人原创

1、 人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结 Unit 1: How often do you exercise?【语言目标】 会使用频率副词及短语；能描述课余时间的活动安排；会描述基本饮食结构。1. How often do you exercise？ 你多久锻炼一次？ 本句是对“动作发生的频率”进行的提问，其中“how often”是一个特殊疑问词。所谓的“频率”指的是某个动作多长时间/多久发生一次。 试比较： How often do you swim ？ 你多久游一次泳？ How often does your father go to a movie？ 你爸爸多久看一次电影？针对“how oft

2、en”引导的问句所进行的回答：本单元常用的表示频率的短语有：once a week, twice a week, three times a month 等等。当然，也可以用一些常见的频度副词来进行回答，如 always ,usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never.例： 对划线部分提问： He always takes a bus to school. 注：划线部分都是对“频率”的描述，所以答案为 He takes a bus to school twice a week. How often does he take a bus to sch

3、ool？He never takes a bus to school. 2. I always go shopping . Go +V-ing 表示“去xx” 。常见形式还有：go swimming, I often go skateboarding. go fishing， go walking.3. I can't stand shopping. 我无法忍受购物。 “can't stand doing sth” 意为：无法忍受xxx 。 特别注意： stand 后跟V-ing 形式。对比复习 mind doing sth " 介意xxx". 例： Can

4、 you stand _(hang) out with that silly boy？ My father doesn't mind _ (shop) this afternoon. 4. How often, How many, How much, How long 复习： How often do you go to the movies? 你多久去看一次电影？ How often 对“频率”提问 How many hours do you sleep every night？ 你每晚睡多少个小时？ How many 对“可数名词的数量”提问How much milk do we

5、need every day？ 我们每天需要多少牛奶？ How much 对“不可数名词的数量”提问 How long do you study in No.6 Middle School? 你在六中学习了多长时间了？ How long 对“时间的长短”提问5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首，其后跟名词、代词或V-ing形式（即动名词）。例： As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永

6、远不希望在这里见到。6. She says it's good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有好处。 Be good for + (n./ doing sth) “对xx有好处” 其反义说法为：Be bad for + (n./ doing sth) “对xx有坏处” 例： Playing sports is good for middle school students. 做运动对中学生有好处。 Listening and speaking practice are good for _ (learn) English. Reading in bed is bad

7、for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。 注意复习：be good at + (n./ doing sth)= do well in + (n./ doing sth) 擅长xxx7. But I'm pretty healthy. 但是我相当地健康。Healthy .adj "健康的" ，其名词形式为" health" ，反义词为"unhealthy" keep healthy "保持健康"注： Keep healthy = keep in good health = stay health

8、y.例： A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health. 8. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. 我尽力吃大量的蔬菜。 Try to do sth. "尽力去xxx" 例： My pen pal always tries to tell jokes . Try doing sth “尝试去xxx” Why don't you try talking with him?9. I look after my health. 我很关注我的健康。Look after = take c

9、are of “照顾，照料”复习有关look的词组：look at , look like , look for(寻找)10. And my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 我的健康的生活方式帮助我取得好成绩。 好食物和锻炼帮着我更好地学习。 Help sb do sth = help sb to do sth = help sb with sth. 帮助某人做某事11. Is her lifestyle the same as yours o

10、r different？ Be the same as. “和xxx相同”，反义说法为：be different from. "和xxx不同" 例： My study habits are the same as my sister's . 我的学习习惯和我姐姐的一样。 Do you think Li Lei's lifestyle is different from Han Meimei's ? Different .adj "不同的"，其名词形式为"difference" “不同，差异”，为可数名词。 Th

11、ere are so many differences between Tv shows and movies. 在电视和电影之间有许多的不同之处。12. And I think I'm kind of unhealthy. 复习： kind of = a little = a little bit + adj/ adv "有点."13. 【词语辨析】：exercise的用法 什么时候加s? 什么时候不加s? 1.作可数名词用，表示“练习，习题，体操”等，常用复数。 例： I am doing my exercises . 我正在做我的练习。 Doing morni

12、ng exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有好处。 2.作不可数名词用，表示“锻炼，运动”。不用复数。例： I like doing exercise in winter. 我喜欢在冬天做锻炼。14. 【词语辨析】 maybe / may be 1. The baby is crying_she is hungry.  2. The woman _ a teacher . maybe  是副词，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于句首。 may be 是情态动词，意为“可能是.也许是.”. 一般位于主语之后。15. 【词语

13、辨析】 hard / hardly1. We must study _ to get good grades.2. I can          understand them. 3. I _ (hard) ever play computer games because I think it's boring.    hard作形容词，意为“困难的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。Hardly 作副词，意为“几乎不”。Unit 2 Whats the mat

14、ter?【语言目标】 能表述身体的种种不适以及对他人身体的种种不适给予适当的建议. 1  Whats the matter? I have a cold. 你怎么了？我感冒了。 Whats the matter(with you)?  （某人）怎么了？ = Whats the trouble (with you)? What's the matter (with sb)? = Whats wrong (with you)?2. 本单元有关疾病的词组： I have a cold  我感冒 I have a sore throat  我嗓

15、子疼 sore"疼痛的 I have a fever 我发烧 I have a sore back 我背疼 I have a stomachache  我胃疼 I'm hungry .我饿了 I have a headache 我头疼 ache "疼" I'm thirsty. 我渴了 I have a toothache 我牙疼 I'm stressed out. 我压力大 3. You don't look well. 你看起来面色不好。 I'm not feeling well. 我感觉不好。 I hope

16、you feel better soon. 我希望你快点好起来。 4. You should drink some hot tea with honey. 你应该喝一些带着蜂蜜的热茶。 With “带着” "穿着" （表示伴随状态） 例：You can see a small house with a beautiful garden. I don't like the tall man with red glasses. Do you know the girl _ a school uniform under the tree？ A. Have B. Has C

17、. With5. That sounds like a good idea. 注：sound like+ n 听起来像.That sounds interesting. Sound + adj 听起来.6. And don't eat anything for two hours. 连续两个小时不要吃任何东西。 句中for+ 一段时间 ，此结构表示“某个动作一直持续多长时间” 例：I want to stay in Beijing for two weeks. (句中for 表示stay一直持续两周) I usually sleep for eight hours every nigh

18、t. (for 表示sleep一直持续8个小时)对上句划框部分提问 How long do you usually sleep every night? 注：对于for+一段时间 提问，需用how long/ 。请同学们认真理解。7. 本单元出现的一些词组： lie down and rest 躺下休息（lielying） see a dentist 看牙医 listen to some music 听音乐 have a drink 喝一杯 be stressed out压力大的（stressed是adj） stay healthy 保持健康 a few 有些At the moment 此刻

19、have a lot of headaches 头很痛8. Advice. n "建议、忠告" 不可数名词 ，' 一条建议' : a piece of advice ,不能使用an advice. 其词组为：give advice ."提建议" 例 Mr Gao often gives me lots of advice about learning (learn)English well. 9. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你快点好起来 。 句中 you feel better soon. 是个句子，

20、符合hope的用法。请看hope的解释Hope. v. 希望、盼望 Hope to do sth 希望/盼望做. Hope +(that)从句 希望. 特别强调：无此结构 hope sb to do sth × 例： 我希望你取得好成绩. I hope you to get good grades. × 本句中使用hope sb to do sth, 所以错误 I hope you can get get good grades. 本句中hope+从句，所以正确10. Maybe you have too much yin. 可能你阴气太盛/ 可能你有太多的阴。 例：Too

21、 much +不可数名词 "太多的." Students have too much homework Too many +可数名词复数 "太多的." There are too many people near here. Much too + adj/adv "太./很." We played soccer and were much too tired11. Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.吃党参和黄芪草本也对此有好处。句中Eating Dangsh

22、en and Huangqi herbs 做主语，eating为主语中心词。即：动名词（V-ing）可做句子的主语。特别强调： 不能根据汉语习惯，把V原当成句子的主语。（毕竟动词是用来做谓语的，所以大家经常会听老师提 ''谓语动词 '' 这个叫法）试比较： 打篮球对你的健康有好处 Play basketball is good for your health. × V原play出现在主语位置 主语 Playing basketball is good for your health. Playing为动名词，可做主语 主语 说的多能帮着你把语言学得更好

23、 Speaking more can help you to study languages better. speaking做了主语 主语 Speak more can help you to study languages better. × speak做了句子主语 主语12. Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 中药现在在许多西方国家很受欢迎。 Medicine .n. 药品、药物 。 喝药/吃药/服药： take medicine. 例：-Mom, I don't like taking

24、 any medicine now. - Yeah, I know. But you have to.13. It's easy to have a healthy lifestyle,and it's important to eat a balanced diet.拥有一种健康的生活方式很容易，同时吃平衡的饮食也是很重要的。 结构：It's +adj +(for sb) + to do sth （对于某人来说）,.是怎样的。 Don't you think it's relaxing to have a walk after dinner in su

25、mmer? 你难道不觉得在夏天吃完晚饭后走一走很放松吗？ 本单元P 12： I believe it's important to sleep eight hours a night. 我认为一个晚上睡八个小时是很重要的。14. I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am. 我每晚都学习到很晚，有时直到早上2点。必考句型： not.until. 直到.才. / 技巧：not要和be动词、情态动词、助动词连用； until+句子 理解:Some students don't do their homework until thei

26、r parents come back. Not和助动词连用 until+ 句子 You can't speak English well until you practice it more.灵活翻译： /直到你练习得更多你才能把英语说好。字面翻译：/ 你不可能把英语说好的，直到你练习的更多.15. P11. 3b短文： You should go to bed early for a few nights. 你应该连续几个晚上早点睡觉。 重点区别： a few / few / a little / little  1. -Can you speak Chines

27、e?-Yes, but only_. 2. There is       milk in the box. Let's go to the shop and buy some .3. I saw           comedies with my friends .They were pretty interesting. a few (少数的，有一些)a little (有一点，有少量的)表示肯定Few (几乎没有的) little&

28、#160; (很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定+ 可数名词复数+ 不可数名词  Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?【语言目标】      使用现在进行时的结构（be+v-ing）表示未来的计划. 1. What are you doing for your vacation? 对于假期，你打算做什么？ I'm spending time with my friends. 我打算和我的朋友们一起度过。 What are you doing for your vacati

29、on? 你假期打算做什么？ I'm babysitting my sister. 我打算临时照顾我的妹妹。从以上两组例句，我们可以看出，be+v-ing 此结构被赋予了新的意义“打算.”.在七年级的学习中，be+v-ing 表示现在进行时；本单元中此结构则表示“一般将来时”。 口语练习： 今天下午你打算和你的父母一起去游泳吗？ Victor打算在5点去练习弹钢琴。 例： Lily's pen pal is going to China to see her. Lily的笔友打算去中国看她。 对划线部分提问： What is Lily's pen pal doing? L

30、ily的笔友打算做什么？ 改为一般疑问句： Is Lily's pen pal going to China to see her? 改为否定句： Lily's pen pal isn't going to China to see her.2. I'm leaving on Friday. 我打算周五出发。Leave. ''离开'' （leave-left） leave for+地点 表示“动身去某地” ''遗留、落下'' leave sth +地点 表示“把某物落在某地” 例： My paren

31、ts left for Beijing last week . Yesterday Lily left her math book in the library. 昨天Lily把她的数学书落在图书馆了。 Leave + sth + 地点 把某物落在某地（含有不小心之意）例： Bad luck ! I left my wallet and phone in the bus yesterday. 真倒霉，昨天我把钱包和身份证落在公交车上了 3. Our readers want to know what famous people do for vacation . 我们的读者想知道名人在假期做什

32、么。 复习''所''字结构: what famous people do 名人所做的事情 In fact ,we all don't like what Jim did . 说实话，我们都不喜欢Jim的所做所为。 Now lots of parents don't understand what their children think . 当今，许多父母亲都不理解他们孩子的想法/他们孩子所想 famous. Adj. ''出名的、著名的''. Be famous for+ n/doing sth "因为

33、.而出名" for表示.某种原因/理由 Be famous as+ n "作为.而出名" as +表示职业的名词 例： China is famous for the Great Wall . Is Mr Green famous as an English teacher?4. Go+doing ""去."" go camping 去野营       go shopping 去买东西    &#

34、160;      go swimming 去游泳 go boating去划船         go skating 去溜冰       go walking去散步           go skateboarding去踩滑板  go dancing去跳舞&#

35、160;      go hiking 去徒步远足 go sightseeing 去观光      go bike riding 骑自行车旅行 go fishing 去钓鱼5. have a good time (doing sth) = have fun (doing sth) 玩得开心、过得愉快 = enjoy +反身代词 （myself/ yourself/ himself/ herself/ itself ） ( Ourselv

36、es/ yourselves/ themselves ) 6. Send me a postcard from Hong Kong! 从香港给我寄一张明信片。 注意：send-sent 注：send sb. sth =send sth to sb. 给某人寄送某物/ /把某物寄给某人（同义句）Send a postcard to me from Hong Kong. 同类词组: show sb sth = show sth to sb 给某人展示某物/展示某物给某人 例：Show me your photos when we get back to school. give sb sth =

37、give sth to sb 给某人某物/把某物给某人 例：My teacher gave (give) me some advice about learning (learn)English.7. What's it like there? 那里怎么样？ （be like. .怎样）It's beautiful. 那里很漂亮。词组辨析：“look like”和 “be like”的区别：Look like 着重问人物长相 -/look. v ''看上去''， like. prep ''像.'' What doe

38、s he look like? 他长什么样？ He is tall and of medium build. 他个子很高，中等身材。Be like 着重指人的内在性格、人品，是个什么样的人。Like 是介词。 What is he like? 他是个什么样的人？ He is very kind and he often helps others. 他很好心而且经常帮助别人。8. Can I ask you a few questions about your vacation plans?我可以问你一些关于你假期计划的问题吗？ ask sb about sth a few +可数名词复数9.

39、Plan. v. ''计划'' plan to do sth. 计划做某事 n ''计划、打算'' 可数名词 make a plan 制定一个计划 易错点：plan-planned; plan-planning .(过去式和doing变形时，都双写n)10. 度假： take a vacation (单数) = take vacations (复数) 散步： take a walk (单数) = take walks (复数) 拍照 ： take a photo (单数) = take photos (复数)11. He thou

40、ght about going to Greece or Spain. 他考虑着去希腊还是西班牙去度假。 Think about +n/doing sth. 考虑某事/ 考虑做某事复习think 词组： think of '认为' What do you think of the games shows? 12. This time I want to do something different. 这次我想做一些与众不同的事情。 不定代词和形容词位置： 形容词后置 - Is there _ in today's newspaper? Susan. - The same

41、 as before. I think it's the most boring newspaper. A. Something new B. New anything C. Anything new 13. I'm planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside. 我正计划着在那个美丽的乡村度过美好的时光呢。 复习spend 用法： spend-spent 在使用spend时，主语只能是表示人的名词或代词。例： Andy spent a lot of money on books. Andy花了很多钱买书。 若表示“在.

42、上花费(时间、金钱等)”，常用 spend+时间/金钱+ on sth. Kitty spends two hours on her homework every day. Kitty每天花两个小时做家庭作业。 若表示“花费(时间、金钱)做某事”，常用spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth. 此时介词in可以省略。例如: 例：Mr Gao spent 4500 RMB buying (buy) an iphone 4 last Wednesday. 14. I hope I can forget all my problems. 我希望可以忘掉所有的问题。Forget to do

43、 sth "忘记要去做." (强调事情未做) 过去式为 forgotForget doing sth "忘记做过." (强调事情已做) 对比 remember ''记得'' remember to do sth " 记得要去做." (强调事情未做) Remember doing sth"记得做过." (强调事情已做)15. A great vacation. I can't wait. 一个美妙的假期。我等不及了/ wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物 can

44、9;t wait to do sth. 等不及要去做./迫不及待去做./ 例： (B) I have to wait _ my classmates_ the bus stop.A. for , for B.for , at C. at ,for I can't wait to see him because we didn't see each other for a long time. 我迫不及待地去见他，因为我们两个人彼此没有见面好久了。 16. ''I just finished making my last movies '', sh

45、e says. 她说：我刚刚拍完我最后一部电影。 Finish .v . 完成 finish doing sth. 做完某事/完成了做某事 例：Did you finish doing (do) your homework? Jim. Jim,你做完你的作业了吗？ We finished _ the piano just now and then decided _ the classroom. A. To play, to clean B. Playing , cleaning C. Playing ,to clean17. I want an exciting vacation. 我想要一

46、个激动人心的假期。 exciting. adj. ""令人激动的、叫人兴奋的"" 通常主语是物/修饰物 excited. adj. ""对.感到兴奋/激动"" 通常主语是人/修饰人 例：Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？ He told us an exciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。Unit 4 How do you get to school? 【语言目标】 学会谈论交

47、通工具, 并合理选用交通工具 1. How do you get to school? 你怎样去学校？ Get.v . 得到 get-got Get to +地点名词 ''到达.''. 初中阶段表示“到达”的词组还有：arrive in+大地点 ;arrive at+ 小地点例： When did you arrive _ there ? A. to B. in C. At 此题ABC全为错误选项。 There / here/ home 都是初中常见的地点副词，前不加to。所以本题答案为：/ 2.Bob takes the train and Mary take

48、s the subway. Take the train 坐火车/take the subway 坐地铁 此外还有： take the bus/take the plane/take a taxi. 友情提示：以上词组都为动词词组，所以同学们要保证把它们放在主语之后 3. How long does it take？它花费多长时间？ Take ''花费'' 句型为： It +takes(took)+sb+时间+to do sth Take-took 做某事花了某人多长时间 注：take的主语为it 例： It usually takes my mom half

49、an hour to clean our house on Saturdays.对划线部分提问： How long does it usually take your mom to clean your house on Saturdays?此外，take还可译为：''拿走、带走'' take sb/sth to +地点 把某人/物带到某地 "乘坐" take a taxi/ take a subway 吃/喝 （药） Did you take your medicine today? 4. How do you get to school?

50、 I ride my bike. 你怎样去学校？我骑车去。 ride-rode / ride a bike 骑车 例： My pen pal Betty rides a bike to school every day. (变为一般疑问问) Does your pen pal Betty ride a bike to school every day? 5. First I walk to the bus stop. 首先，我走着去公交车站。 Walk to .走着去. 例： My cousin walks to the library every Wednesday. (同义句) My co

51、usin goes to the library on foot every Wednesday. 6. It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus. 走着去花费25分钟，坐公交花10分钟。 by +交通工具 "乘坐." by bus/ by train/ by subway/ by plane/by bike 友情提示：以上词组都为介词词组，所以要放在句末。 例： I went to Beishan zoo by bike.= I rode a bike to Beishan zoo . 注： Walk/

52、 ride a bike 位于主语之后 By bike /on foot 位于句末 Do you often walk to school?= Do you often go to school on foot? 7. How far is it from his home to school? 从他家到学校是多远/ 他家离学校多远？ How far ''多远' 对 距离的远近 提问 复习： how many/how much/ how long/ how often/用法。 例： Lin Fei's home is about 10 kilometers fr

53、om school。 林飞的家离学校是大约10公里远。 (对划框部分提问) How far is Lin Fei's home from school? 8. How do students around the world get to school？ 全世界的学生怎样去学校？9. In other parts of the world 在世界的其他地区 other'' 其他的'' +名词复数 Others walk or ride their bikes. 别人走着或骑车去 others'' 其他人'' 不+名词 10. In China, it depends on where you are. 在中国，它取决于你住在哪里。 depend- depended depend on sb/sth 依靠./取决于/例：-Mom, when will we have a picnic outside? - Oh