人教版8年级上册英语各单元学习重点

1、八年级上册英语知识点Unitl Where did you go on vacation?语言目标：谈论过去的事情27一、短语stay at home 待在家里go to the mountains 去爬山visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营go on vacation go to the beach quite a fewstudy forgo out 出去taste good 尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴most of the time去度假去海滩相当多为而学习大部分时间feel likewalk aroundone

2、 bowl ofdrink teago on继续给一的感觉；感受到I四处走走"碗喝茶of coursego shopping in the past because ofthe next day find outtake photossomething important come up出来重要的事up and down当然 去购物 在过去因为第二天找出；查明照相上上下下seem是 看起来像，给人印象中 是”，可以是抽象的。而look是直观的、在眼睛视线看二、习惯用法buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.taste + adj. 尝起来nothingbut+动

3、词原形arrive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+到某东西后认为的看起来像”，是 具体的。一为某人买某物/look+adj. 看起来 seem+ (to be ) + adj. 看起来除了之外什么都没有小地点到达某地decide to do sth. try doing sth. forget doing sth. enjoy doing sth. start doing sth. dislike doing sth. Why not do. sth.?尽力去做某事忘记做某事想去做某事停止做某事继续做某事从句如此以至于决定去做某事尝试做某事/忘记做过某事/ 喜欢做某事开始做某事不喜欢

4、做某事 为什么不做try to do sth.forget to do sth. want to do sth.stop doing sth. keep doing sth. 呢？ so+adj.+that+tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事三、词语辨析：1. anywhere与somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can ' t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，至U某处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here.2.

5、 seem + 形容词 看起来一 . You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold3. decide to do sth.I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像一；彳以乎一 . It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎 .It seems like a god idea.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide whe

6、n to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换。He started doing his homework.但以下几种情况不能用begin .1) 创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month.2) 机器开动：I can ' t start my car.3) 出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over介词，多于，超过，在以上(表示数目、程度) =more thanMy father is over 40 years o

7、ld.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio.遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much太多，修饰不可数名词 ，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do. Don' t talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副

8、词 。The hat is much too big for me. You' re walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much, much too,用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后修 饰形或副。too many要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He can ' t take a walk because of the rain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。加下划线的单 词：均为谓语动 词，使用过去式。I don '

9、; t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.四、交际用语1. - Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了 ？（一般过去式句子）-I went to the mountains. 我去山区了。（一般过去式句子）2. Long time no see.很久没见了。"W3. Everything tasted really good.-切品尝起来真的很好。（一般过去式句子）4. I felt like l was a bird .我感觉我成了一只鸟。（一般过去式句子）5. What a difference

10、 a day makes!多么与众不同的天！五、语法：一般过去时过去发生的动作 一一如：他昨晚做作业了。定义：表示 过去发生的动作或存在的状态二，过去存在的状态 如：他出生于2000年1月。语法构成：谓语动词用过去式动词的过去式一一分为规则动词和不规则动词两种: 规则动词的过去式：一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。 wanted , played再力口 -ed stopped以不发音的字母 e结尾的动词，直接加-d。hoped , lived重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母， 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变 y为i ,再加-ed。 studied , worried

11、以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加 -ed. played, enjoyed规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后t,元浊d , t d 之后读id。 清辅音后，ed 要读t 。worked , finished元音或浊辅音后，ed要读d。lived , calledt或d后，ed 读id 。 started , needed不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。如： be -was do did go went Gome cameUnit2 How often do you exercise?语言目标：谈论你做事情的 频率一、短语help with housework 帮助做家务

12、 on weekends 在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week 每周一次twice a month每月两次every day 每天be free有空go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis打网球stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉such as比如；诸如ave dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课play sports进行体育活动be good for对有好处go c

13、amping 去野营not- at all一点儿也不in one ' s free time在某人的业余时间the most popular去看牙医old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentistwith表人与人之间的协同关系make friends with sb talk with sb work with sbplay with sbmorn than 多于； 超过less than少于 二、习惯用法What' s your favorite ?你最喜爱的是什么？How about - ?怎么样？ /好不好？How many何数名，复数+一

14、般疑问句？ 有多少?主语Mind+that从句.by doing sth.加过做某事help sb. with sth" 一帮而臬人做某事spend time with sb. '和某人一起度过时光want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事It' s+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的的。ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 三、词语辨析：1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once, twice, three times等词语。How o

15、ften do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How far is it from here to the park?How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。It ' s about 2 kilometers.2. free空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.I '

16、ll be free next week. = I 'll have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的"解。 be free to do sth.自由地做某事。The tickets are free. You' re free to go or to stay.3. Howcome?怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也 可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句 why,但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是 陈述语序。How come Tom didn ' t come to the party? = Why d

17、idn ' t Tom come to the party?4. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡"。Don' t stay up late next time. stay up 指 “熬夜, 不睡觉” 。 He stayed up all night to write his story.5. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。She was so tired that she went to sl

18、eep soon.6. find + 宾语 + 名词，发现 ：We have found him (to be) a good boy. find + 宾语 + 形容词，发现：He found the room dirty.7. percent百分数，基数词+ percent : percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.Thirty percent of time passed.8. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于over.在句型转换中考

19、查两者的同义替换。 反义词组为：less than.I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I ' m afraid we can ' t come here on time.be afraid of sb / sth害怕某人/ 某事；be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。Somechildren are afraid of the dark. Don ' t be afraid of asking questi

20、on. I' m afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： I ' m afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time的区另U :sometimes频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句 首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shangh

21、ai sometime next week.When will you go to Shanghai nextweek? sometimes名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词,对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times.How many times have you read the story?some time名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用How long.I ' ll stay here for some time. How long will you stay

22、here?四、交际用语1. How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？2. What do you usually do on weekends?你通常在周末做什么？3. Does Sue eat a healthy breakfast琳吃健康的早餐吗?4. She says it's good for my health.她说那对我的健康有益。第4、5句下划线：为动 词第三人称单数形式。5. He plays at least twice a week.他一周至少踢两次。一虽然许多学生喜欢看体育，但是游戏节目是最受欢迎的。9. It is good to

23、relax by using the Internet or watching game shows.通过使用互联网或看游戏节目来放松是好的。五、语法：一般现在时定义：表示现在经常发生的、习惯性的动作或 目前存在的状态语法构成：1、谓语动词用原形。2、但当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。什么是第三人称单数?1、人称代词he, she, it 是第三人称单数。2、单个人名、地名或称呼 作主语；是第三人称单数。如：Tom looks like her mother.汤姆看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。Uncle Wang often mak

24、es cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。3、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。This book is yours.这本书是你的。That caps red.那辆小汽车 是红色的。The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。4、不定代词 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代词 this, that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： Everyone is here.大家至

25、 U齐了。 There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:牛奶在玻璃杯里。那面包很小。 The milk is in the glass. The bread is very small.6、当数字或字母作主语时"6" is a lucky number. "6""I" is a letter. "I",看作第三人称单数。如: 是个

26、吉利数字。是个字母。除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点：1. 动词 have ， 遇到主语是第三人称单数时， 要用 has ； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是 is 。2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用 doesn't + 动词原形，如：He goes to school at six in the morning.（变否定句 ）He doesn't go to school atsix in the morning.3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词 does ，如：She goes home at five every day.（对戈U

27、线部分提问）fWhen / What time does she gohome every day?动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律1 、 大多数动词在词尾加“S” 在清辅音后发音为s ，在浊辅音及元音后发音为z stop stops s ; read reads z2、以辅音字母加“ y”结尾的，要先将“ y”变为“ i ”，然后在加“ es”读iz如：fly flies z； carry carries z3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加"es”,发音为iz 如：teach teaches iz;4. 以“o ”结尾的动词，加“es ” ， 读 z 如： g

28、o goes z do does z卜面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。1 、 do du: does dz2 、 say sei says sezUnit3 I ' m more outgoing than my sister.语言目标：谈论个性 特征；对人物进行比较一、短语more outgoing 更外向 the singing competitionas唱歌比赛asbe similar tothe same as 和相同； 与一care about 关心；介意 the most important最重要的bring out 使显现；使表现出

29、 reach for 伸手取 make friends 交朋友 touch one ' s heart 感动某人 be good at 擅长be different frombe like a mirroras long asget better grades in factthe otherbe talented in musicbe good with一样与相像的/类似的与不同像一面镜子只要；既然取得更好的成绩事实上；实际上其他的有首乐天赋善于与相处二、习惯用法as+adj./adv. 的原级 +as 与一样It ' s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.对某

30、人来说，做某事的。have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事as（原级）as 与样 not as/soas不如三、词语辨析：laugh v. & n. 笑We all laughed loudly when she made a joke.她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。We all laughed at his joke.听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

31、/不要高兴得太早。（与at连用）嘲笑Don' t laugh at him.别嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen.人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics.大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke.我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 =althoughThough it was raining , he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，

32、他还是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy.虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意：不能受汉语的影响，在 though引导的从句后使用 but。如：Though he was poor , but he was happy. （误）though adv. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didn ' t , though.四、交际用语1. Sam has longer hair than Tom.萨姆的头发比汤姆的头发长。一 （比较级）2. Both Sam and Tom can pla

33、y the drums.萨姆和吉姆两个都会敲鼓。3. That's Tara, isn't it?那是塔拉，是不是？4. A good friend likes to do the same things as me.好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情（原级）5. A good friend truly cares about me.好朋友要真的关心我。6.But I think friends are like books - you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.但是我认为朋友就像书一样 一一只要他

34、们是好的，你就不需要很多。五、语法：形容词和副词的比较级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1） 原级（不作比较），修饰词 very, so, too, pretty, really;2）比较级，表示“较"或"更"的意思（两者之间进行比较 ），标志词than, A orB, of the two, 修饰词 much, a lot, a little ;3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the ,后面可带in （of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化构成方法原级比较级最tWj级单音一般在词尾 加-

35、er或-esthighhigherhighest节词 和部shortshortershortest分双以字母e词尾的词，加-rlatelaterlatest音节或-st词finefinestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一hothotterhottest个辅音字母时，先双写辅bigbiggerbiggest音字母，再加-er或-estthin fatthinner fatterthinnest fattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的funnyfunnierfunniest双音节词，先把“y”改为easyeasiereasiest“i ”，再加-er 或-estearlyearlierearl

36、iest多音节词beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful和 部分双 在词前加 more或 mostathleticmore athleticmost athleticoutgoingmore outgoingmost outgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化原级比较级最tWj级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther（更远）further（更深远）farthest（最远）furthest（最深远）Unit4 What '

37、 s the best movie theater?语言目标：谈论喜好；作比较一、短语movie theater 电影院 close to离近 clothes store服装店in town 在镇上so far到目前为止 talent show 才艺表演more and more 越来越 and so on 等等 in common 共同； 共有all kinds of 各种各样的for example 例如10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 around the world 世界各地；全世界be up to 是的职责；由决定not everybody并不是每个人mak

38、e up编造（故事、谎言等）play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响takeseriously认真对待come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到Can I ask you some ？我能问你一些吗？ How do you like ？ 你认为怎么样？Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢。 What do you think of？ 你认为怎么样 ？二、习惯用法give sb. sth.给某人某物much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事one of+可数名词的复数 之一提示：在考虑形容词和 副词的等级时,需 同

39、时考虑名词的 复数、动词的第三 人称单数形式。play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 三、交际用语1.It's the closest to home. 它离家（形容词最高级前要加 “ the "）2.It has the most comfortable seats.它有最舒适的座位。（多音节词的最高级）3.How do you like so far?到目前为止你认为怎么样？4.I think 970 AM is pretty bad. 我认为调幅970兆赫相当糟糕。1.1 t's always intere

40、sting to watch other people show their talents.看别人表演他们的才艺总是有趣的。6 .Talent shows are getting more and more popular.才艺节目正变得越来越受欢迎。现在全世界都有相似7 .Now, there are similar shows around the world, such as China's Got Talent.的节目，例如中国达人秀。8 .All these shows have one thing in common.所有的节目都有个共同点。9 .That's u

41、p to you to decide .那由你决定。10 . However, not everyone enjoys watching these shows.然而，并不是每一个人都喜欢看这些节目。11 .Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.-些人认为演员的生活是编造的。四、语法：形容词和副词的最高级（内容见第 3单元语法）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?语言目标：谈论偏爱；制定计划一、短语think of 认为 learn from 从获得；向学习 find out 查

42、明；弄清楚talk show 谈话节 目 game show 游戏节 目soap opera月巴皂居1go on 发生watch a movie看电影a pair of 一双；一对try one' s best尽某人最大努力as famous as 与样有名have a discussion about就讨论one day 有天 such as 例如 dress up 打扮； 梳理take sb. ' s place 代替；替换do a good job干得好something enjoyable令人愉快的东西interesting information有趣的资料one of

43、 之一look like看起来像around the world 全世界a symbol of的象征二、习惯用法let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事expect to do sth. 盼望做某事 be ready to do sth.乐于做某事plan to do sth.happen to do sth.How about doing计划/打算做某事碰巧做某事？做怎么样?try one's best to do sth.尽力做某事三、词语辨析1. the other, the others, other, others,another

44、辨析the other表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个另一个时，常用 onethe other。例：He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.aretheThere are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen boys.the others特指某一范围内的其他的(人或物)，是 the other的复数形式，相当于other+ 复数名词。 the other +

45、复数名词 =any other +名词单数。例：You two stay here, the others go with me.I ' m different from Jeff because I ' m louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.other作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例：We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects.others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。例：Some students are doing home

46、work,others are talking loudly.another泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词例：I don ' t like this one. Please show me another one.2. find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.3. go on 发生,与 take place 同义 I wonder what was going on.翻译：隔壁发生了什么？ 4. happen v. 发生 ，一般指偶然发生，主

47、语为事，不能为人。Sth + happens to sb. A traffic accident happened to his elder brother yesterday.Sth + happens + 地点 / 时间，意为：某地/ 某时发生了某事An accident happened on Park Street.happen v ,表示"碰巧"，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式 to,表示“碰巧Sb + happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.5. take place 意为“发生，举行

48、，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place in China.The meeting will take place next Friday.6. expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：1)expect + 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计可能发生。I m expecting Li Lin s letter.2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb. to do sth.

49、I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect + 从句 预计I expected that I ll come back next Monday.7. serious a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth. 对某人 / 某事当真Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 He s serious about selling his

50、 house.四、交际用语1 What do you think of talk shows? 你认为谈话节目怎么样？2 She plans to watch Days o ， Our Past. 她计划去看童年 。3 Because I hope to find out what's going on around the world.因为我希望知道世界上正在发生什么事情。1.1 like to follow the story and see what happens next.我喜欢跟着故事走，看看下一步发生什么事情。5. - but you can expect to lear

51、n a lot from them.但是你能期待从他们中学会许多。6. In the 1930s， he made 87 cartoons with Mickey. 在 20世纪 30年代，他用米奇创作了87部卡通片。7. People today expect to see more than just a little mouse fighting bad guys, but many still know who he is 现在人们期待看到的不仅仅是一只小老鼠与坏蛋战斗，而是许多人仍然知道他是谁。8. She dresses up like a boy and takes her fa

52、ther's place to fight in the army她乔装打扮成男孩代替她的父亲去参军。五、语法：询问对的看法Unit6 I m going to study computer science.语言目标：谈论将来的生活 目标一、短语grow up 成长； 长大every day每天be sure about对有把握make sure 确信； 务必 send to把送至U be able to 能the meaning of 的意思 write down 写下； 记下 hardly ever几乎不；彳艮少have to do with 关于；与有关系 take up 开始做

53、；学着做different kinds of 不同种类的tooto太而不能 /太以至于不能、习惯用法be going to+动词原形打算做某事keep on doing sth. 不断地做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事practice doing learn to do mise to do sth.remember to do sth.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 love to do sth.喜爱做某事练习做某事学会做某事许诺去做某事记住做某事want to do sth.想要做某事三、词语

54、辨析1 promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：1)promise to do sth.My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb. sth. My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise + that 从句 Tom promises that he can return on mise n. 允诺， 诺言Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.2 .when与while 的区别：when表示“当-时候”，既指时间点

55、，又指一段时间， when引导的时间状语从句中的动词 可以是终止性的也可以是延续性的。 Whenthe teacher camein, the students were talking. When she arrives, I ' ll call you.while表示“当时候”，仅指一段时间，从句中的动作必须是延续性的，一般强调主从句的动作同时发生，while还可以作并列连词，意为“ 而、去，表示对比关系。Lisa was singing while her mother was playing piano.Tom is strong while his younger brother is week.3 . practice vt. 练习，后接名词，代词或 v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.4 . everyday 与 every day区另1Jeveryday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework. e