美国数学建模竞赛翻译名词英汉表

1、中文英函数function定义域domain of definition值域range of function极限limit极限值limit valuediverge收敛converge连续性continuity连续函数continuous function左连续continuity from theleft开集open set闭集closed set闭区间closed interval区间interval一元函数function of onevariable多元函数function of severalvariables内点inner point孤立点isolated point邻域neig

2、hborhood导数derivative偏导数partial derivative微分differential calculus全微分total differential偏微分partial differential积分integral微积分infinitesimalcalculus重积分multiple integrals一重积分double integral三重积分threefold integral中值定理law of the mean极值extreme values定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲线积分curvilinear in

3、tegral曲回积分surface integral级数progression数列sequence中文 逆时针方向 轴 象限 变量 常量 坐标轴 横坐标 纵坐标 锐角 钝角角角 径径平直圆半直三角形斜率 无穷小 无穷大 正 负 凸 凹 椭圆 双曲线 曲线曲面 交 补集 投影 等差级数几何级数公理 定义 定理 集合 元素英文 counterclockwise axis quadrant variableconstant quantity axis of coordinates abscissa ordinateacute angle obtuse anglestraight angle righ

4、t angle circleradius diametertriangleslope infinitesimal infinitepositive negative convexconcave ellipse hyperbola curvesurface intersection complement project arithmetical progression geometric progression axioms definition theorem setelement微分方程differential空集emptyequations常微分方程partial differential

5、子集subsetequation偏微分方程partial differential相等equalequation差分方程difference equation常数constant特征方程characteristic对数logarithmequation间断点discontinuity point指数exponential渐近线asymptote曲率curvature切线tangent line曲率圆circle of curvature切线方程tangential equation曲率半径radius of curvature法线normal line切平面tangent plane螺旋线he

6、lices法平面normal plane拐点point of inflexion幂级数power series绝对收敛absolutely收敛半径convergence radiusconvergence条件收敛conditional收敛区间convergenceconvergenceinterval和函数sum function收敛区域convergence region解solution通解general solution初始条件initial condition特解special solution条件极值conditional extremum阶orderabbreviation 简写符

7、号；简写abscissa横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极大值absolute minimum 绝对极小值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 力口速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度; 地心加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用 ;

8、 作用力acute angle 锐角 acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add加addition 加法addition formula 力口法公式addition law加法定律addition law（of probability）（概率）加法定律additive inverse力口法逆元;加法反元additive property 可力口性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression

9、 代数式algebraic fraction代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm算法系统；规则系统alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 内错弓形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis择一假设；备择假设；另一假设altitude高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case两义情况； 二义情况amount本利和；

10、总数analysis分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直 与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector角平分线 ；分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment同弓形内的圆周角angle of depressi

11、on 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of friction静摩擦角；极限角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of projection 投射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角angular displacement 角移位angular momentum 角动量angul

12、ar motion 角运动angular velocity 角速度annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X% )anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针力矩anti-derivative 反导数 ; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary con

13、stant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积Argand diagram 阿根图 , 阿氏图argument (1)论证; (2)辐角argument of a complex number 复数的辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmeti

14、c sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组 ; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语 ; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean假定平均数assumption假定；假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptote 渐近asymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest静止augmented matrix 增广矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助角auxiliary circ

15、le 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助方程average平均；平均数；平均值average speed平均速率axiom公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 募集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola抛物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of

16、rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes 'theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials伯努利试验

17、bias偏差；偏倚biconditional双修彳式；双修件句 bijection对射；双射;单满射 bijective function对射函数；只射函数billion 十亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial distribution 二项分布binomial expression 二项式binomial series 二项级数binomial theorem 二项式定理bisect平分；等分bi

18、section method分半法；分半方法bisector等分线；平分线Boolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded有界的bounded above 有上界的； 上有界的bounded below有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序歹Ubrace大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator计算器；计算器calculus 微积分学；（2）演算c

19、ancel消法；相消canellation law 消去律canonical典型；标准capacity 容量cardioid 心脏Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡儿方程Cartesian plane笛卡儿平面Cartesian product 笛卡儿积category类型；范畴catenary 悬链Cauchy sequence 柯西序歹 UCauchy s principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality柯西-许瓦尔兹不等式 central limit theorem 中心极限定理cen

20、tral line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centre of gravity 重心、centre of mass质量中心centrifugal force 离心力centripedal acceleration 向心力口速度centripedal force force 向心力centroid形心；距心certain event必然事件chain rule链式法则chance机会change of axes坐标轴的变换change of base基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换c

21、hange of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元； 变量的换characteristic equation 特征（征）方程characteristic function 特征（征）函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的首数；对数的定位部characteristic root 特征（征）根chart图；图表check digit检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular圆形；圆的circular function圆函数；三角函数circular measure

22、 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation环形排列；圆形排列；循环排列circumcentre外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoid 蔓叶class区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval组区间；组距class limit组限；区限class mark组中点；区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnome

23、ter测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭 凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数；恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofact

24、or余因子；余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面collision 碰撞column (1)歹U;纵行；(2)柱column matrix 歹U矩阵column vector 歹U向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor公约数；公约common factor公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数c

25、ommon multiple公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangent 公切commutative law 交换律comparable可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的 complement 余；补余 complement law 补余律 complementary angle 余角 complementary equation 补充方程 complementary event 互补事件 complementary funct

26、ion 余函数 complementary probability 互补概率 complete oscillation 全振动 completing the square 配方 complex conjugate 复共轭 complex number 复数 complex unmber plane 复数平面 complex root 复数根 component 分量 component of force 分力 composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数；合成数 composition of mappings 映射构合 compositio

27、n of relations 复合关系 compound angle 复角 compound angle formula 复角公式 compound bar chart 综合棒形图 compound discount 复折扣 compound interest 复利；复利息 compound probability 合成概率 compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算 computer 计算机；电子计算器 concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的 concave polygon 凹多边形 concave upward 凹向上的 c

28、oncentric circles 同心圆 concept 概念 conclusion 结论 concurrent 共点 concyclic 共圆 concyclic points 共圆点 condition 条件 conditional 条件句；条件式 conditional identity 条件恒等式 conditional inequality 条件不等式 conditional probability 条件概率cone锥；圆锥（体）confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confi

29、dence limit 置信极限confocal section共焦圆锥曲congruence （1）全等；（2）同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conic二次曲 ；圆锥曲conic section二次曲;圆锥曲conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轲conjugate axis 共轲conjugate diameters 共轲轴conjugate hyperbola 共轲（直）径conjugate imaginar

30、y / complex number 共轲双曲conjugate radical 共轲虚 /复数conjugate surd共轲根式；共轲不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 撞接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数； 相邻数consequence结论；推论consequent条件； 后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consi

31、stent 一贯的；相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒力口速度constant force 恒力constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continui

32、ty 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序歹Uconvergent series 收敛级数converse 逆（定理）converse

33、 of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system坐标系系定理；系；推论coplanar 共面coplanar forces 共面力coplanar lines 共面co-prime 互质；互素corollary系定理；系;推论correct to准确至；取值至correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数corr

34、espondence 对应corresponding angles （1）同位角；（2）对应角corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数无限counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向； 返时针方向counter example 反例counting数数；计数couple力偶Carmer s ru

35、le克莱玛法则criterion 准贝 Ucritical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section横切面；横截面；截痕cube正方体；立方；立方体cube root立方根cubic三次方；立方；三次（的）cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cuboid长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy累积频

36、数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curve曲线curve sketching 曲线描绘（法）curve tracing曲线描迹（法）curved line 曲线curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cycl

37、ic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid旋输线；摆线cylinder柱；圆柱体cylindrical圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data数据De Moivre s theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan s law德摩根律decagon 十边形decay衰变decay factor 衰变因子decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile 十分位数decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decision box 判定框declarativ

38、e sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence递减序歹U;下降序歹Udecreasing series递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度 ;

39、(2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom 自由度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除 ;删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2) 应变dependent event(s)相关事件；相依事件；从属事件dependent variable 应变量 ; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导

40、derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派生统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x 的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数（法 ）determinant 行列式deviation 偏差 ; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diagram 图 ; 图表diam

41、eter 直径diameter of a conic 二次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分方程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商 ; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求 .的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation

42、微分法digit 数字dimension 量 ; 量网 ; 维 （数 ）direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变（分 ）directed angle 有向角directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction 方向 ; 方位direction angle 方向角direction cosine 方向余弦direction number

43、方向数direction ratio 方向比directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断（的 ）;连续（的 ）; 不连续（的 ） discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分立 ; 离散discrete data离散数据；间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交

44、的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性 )divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序歹Udivergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1) 被除数；(2)股

45、息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle 二倍角double angle formula 二倍角公式double root 二重根dual 对偶duality (1) 对偶性 ; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向 东 / 南 / 西 / 北dynamics 动力学eccentric angle 离心角eccentric

46、circles 离心圆 eccentricity 离心率 echelon form 梯阵式 echelon matrix 梯矩阵 edge棱；边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施力eigenvalue 本征值 eigenvector 本征向量 elastic body 弹性体 elastic collision 弹性碰撞 elastic constant 弹性常数 elastic force 弹力 elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row

47、operation 基本行运算 elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法 ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数 elongation 伸张；展 empirical data 实验数据 empirical formula 实验公式 empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率 empty set 空集 encoding 编码 enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能 ; 能量 entire surd 整方根 epicycloid 外摆线 equal 相等equa

48、l ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集 equality 等 (式 ) equality sign 等号 equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程 equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角（的 ）equidistant 等距（的 ）equilateral 等边（的 ）equilateral polygon 等边多边形equi

49、lateral triangle 等边三角形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价 （的 ）error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate估计；估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algori

50、thm 欧几里德算法Euclidean geometry 欧几里德几何Euler s formula尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析

51、取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event（s） 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值； 预期值experiment实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponent

52、ial order 指数阶;指数级express iterms of 以表达expression 式；数式extension外延；延长；扩张；扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face 面factor因子；因式；商factor method因式分解法factor theorem因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factoriz

53、ation因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假（的）falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同心圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution可行解；容许解Fermat s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波刃 B契序歹Ufictitious mean假定平均数fi

54、gure （1）图（形）；（2）数字final velocity 末速度finite有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation 首近似值first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程first projection 第一投影; 第一射影first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixe