主谓一致归纳详解及试题

1、主谓一致(一 . 如果主语是不可数名词 , 动名词 , 不定式或从句的时候 , 谓语动词用单数 .1.What they said has been recorded .2.Smoking is not a good habit.3.To live happily needs a lot of things.6.What I said _(be true.(二 . 如果由 and 连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候 , 用单数动词 .1.The singer and songwriter is dead.2.The science and technology plays an

2、 important part in China.3.Bread and butter(=buttered bread is a good food for patients.4.“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.如果由 and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有 each, every, many a/an, no时候用单数名词 .1.Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.2.Many a student has been sent to plant trees.(三 . 主

3、语是单数 , 后面跟有 with, along with, together with, besides, as well as, but, except, no less than rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to的时候 , 谓语动词用单数 . Jack with his family wants to go to China.1.He, as well as you, is very honest.2.No one but I is a student.3.Her brother, together with h

4、is wife and children, was killed in the accident.(四 , 由 some, any, no, every构成的复合代词 (sb,sth-和 each,either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候 , 谓语动词用单数 .1.Each of you is cleverer than me.2.Neither student has passed the exam.3.Is anybody here?4.Neitner of

5、 the girls _(be pretty .5. Every one of the students _(be studying hard .(五 , both, few, a few, several, many以及 others 做主语的时候 , 永远用复数动词 .1.Several friends were invited to the party.2.Both books are sold out.(六 , all, none, any, some, more和 most 要是修饰单数名词 , 谓语动词用单数 ; 若是修饰复数名词 , 就用复数动词 .1.Most of the a

6、pple is bad.2.Most of the apples are bad.3.None of this money is yours.4.None one of the people here are teachers.(七 , 由 or 连接的两个以上主语时 , 动词和最接近的主语一致 .1.You or he is wrong.2.Are you or he wrong?. 由 either or, neither nor, not only but also连接的两个以上主语时 , 动词和最近的主语一致 .1.Either he or you have to tell the t

7、ruth.2.Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.3.Not only the basketball players but also the coach was nervous.4.Not only John but also I _(be going to Shanghai next week.5.Either you or she _(be to go.6.Here _(bea pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.在倒装句中如一个句子由 there 或 here

8、 引起,而主语又不止一个,谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。例如:Where is your mother and younger sisters? 你的母亲和妹妹们在哪儿?There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌,一张桌子和三把椅子 .(八 . 若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间” , “一笔钱” , “一段距离” , “一个数量” , “一个面积”的时候用单 数谓语动词 .1.Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.2.Five thousand doll

9、ars is too much.3.Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.4.Eight hours of sleep is enough5.Ten pounds _(be missing from the till.6Thirty-six plus forty_(equal seventy-six.(九 . 集体名词 people(人们 , police, cattle(牛群 等常用复数动词 . 有一些集体名词 , 如果表示的是整体就用单数动词 , 如果 表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词 . 这样的词常见的有 family, class, aud

10、ience, crowd人群 public, team等等 .1.His family are all singers.2.His family is very large.3.The football team _(be having baths and then they are coming back here for tea.十 . 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词与先行词一致。1.Those who want to go please sign their names here.(十一 一些名词只有复数形式,如 clothes, scissors, trousers,short

11、s, scales等作主语时谓语用复数形式1.The scales (天平 are mine.但是成双的东西前面有 a pair of要用单数。2.This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.3.This pair of scissors_(be made in Hangzhou.(十二 . 如果主语由“ a kind of ( a series of 构成, 谓语一般用单数形式。1.This kind of men is dangerous 如果是多种,谓语动词要用复数。2.There are many kinds of apples.(十三 ,

12、算术式通常用单数。1.Thirty-six plus forty_(equal seventy-six.(十四 .ics 结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。1.Politics is often a topic for discussion among us .(十五 书名剧名报纸名,国名的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。1.The united states is a capitalist country.2.“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book. .群岛 , 山脉 , 瀑布等专有名词如 :the Alps, the Phili

13、ppines,Niagara Falls等作主语时 , 谓语动词用复数形式 . 如 :Niagara Falls are a splendid scene.(十六 “ the+形容词(分词 “指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词用单数。1.The sick here are very well cared for.2.The English speak English.3.The new always beats the old.(十七 百分数 , 分数作主语时的主谓一致当百分数 , 分数后面加名词或代词时 , 要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式 . 如果是复数名词或代词 ,

14、谓 语动词用复数 ; 如果是单数名词 (或不可数名词 或代词 , 谓语动词用单数 . 如 : Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.(十八 one and a half加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。1. One and a half bananas is left on the table.A number of +名词复数 +复数动词 .The number of +名词单数 +单数动词 .【考例】 Look! There

15、 _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers答案:A 。 该题考查的是主谓一致。 这个句子的主语是 a number of deer, 是个复数概念, 因此谓语动词应用复数形式。 (deer 单复数相同The number of _ in our class _ fifty.A. student, isB. the students, are C. the stu

16、dents, isD. students, are答案 : C用 half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时 , 动词通常与 of 后面的名词 , 代词保持一致 .1.Most of his money is spent on books.2.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2 在一些短语 , 如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时 , 谓语动词多用单数形式 . 但由 more than of 作主语 时 , 动词应与其后的名词或代

17、词保持一致 .1.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.【语法过关】1. How time flies! Ten years _ passed.A. have B. has C. is D. Are1. B . 解析 该题考查的是主谓一致。 Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。2. Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They haven t been back.A. have been B. hav

18、e gone C. has been D. has gone2. D . 解析 该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由 not only but also连接两个并列主语,其谓语动词同相邻的主语保持一致,谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来,所以用 has gone而不用 has been。3. Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is3. A . 解析 该题考查的是主谓一致。 Neither nor 是一组连词,可连接连个并列主语,其谓语动词应同靠

19、近的主语 I 保持一致 , 因此应选 A 。4. Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe SquareA. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers4. A . 解析 该题考查的是主谓一致。 这个句子的主语是 a number of deer, 是个复数概念, 因此谓语动词应用复数形式。 (deer 单复数相同5. The number of _ in our class _ fifty.A.

20、student, isB. the students, are C. students, isD. students, are5. C . 解析 本题考查主谓一致的用法。 the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选 C 。7. Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of having one examination after another.A . is B . are C . am D . Be7. B 。 “不仅是我而且简和玛莉都已厌烦了一个接着一个的考试。 ” not only 需用到就近原则, but

21、also 之后又是两个 人,是复数。故选 B 。8. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.A . is offered B . has offered C . are offered D . have offered8. A . 解析 “一座藏书量是 5000册的图书馆作为礼物送给了那个国家。 ” 要找出这句话的主说是 a library还是 books , 根据主谓一致原则 with 后面的短语是修饰、补充主语的情况的,故主语应是 a library ,又因为此题是被动语态,因此 选择 A9. When an

22、d where to build the new factory _yet.A . is not decided B . are not decided C . has not decided D . have not decided9. A . 解析 “还未决定何时何地建设新工厂。 ” “两个并列连词 +主语 +谓语” 作主语看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数, 根据题意又应用被动语态,故选 A 。11. Between the two buildings _a monument.A . is standing B . standing C . stands D . Stand11. C . 解

23、析 “一座纪念碑耸立在两楼之间。 ”倒装句的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。12. Many a student _that mistake before.A . had made B . has been made C . have made D . has made12. D . 解析 “许多学生以前就犯过这种错误。 ” “ many a”虽然表达复数概念,意为“许多” ,但当它作主语时,谓 语动词用单数。13. None of the money _his.A . is B . are C . belongs D . Were13. A . 解析 “钱都不属于他。 ” none 作主语,

24、谓语动词单复数都可,但这里的 money 为不可数名词,因此用单数 形式为好,而 belong to才是“属于”的意思,所以选 A 。14. About three fifths of the work _done yesterday.A . had B . was C . were D . Have14. B . 解析 “昨天做了大约 3/5的工作。 ”主语含有分数,百分比等等,谓语动词要根据其后面的名词而定,是 不可数名词和单数可数名词,谓语动词用单数,是复数名词,谓语动词用复数。15. Neither your sister nor mine _the good news. Let

25、9;s tell them.A . know B knows C . knew15. B . 解析 句中的主语是 your sister和 mine , 由并列连词 neither nor 连在一起, 所以谓语动词要与后一个主语 mine 相一致,这里 mine 指 my sister。【 2011广安市】 33. -How much is the pair of shoes?-Twenty dollars _ enough.A. is B. are C. am答案:A【解析】考查 be 动词的用法。根据文意, twenty dollars看成一个整体,表示单数概念,故用 is 。【 2011

26、? 兰州】 32. I have changed my job.A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have答案:B【解析】倒装句的用法。答句意为“我也改变了工作” ,上句是由 have 构成的完成时态,因此答句由 have/ has 构 成完全倒装句,因此选 B 。【 2011山东德州】 27. -I haven t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides.-_.A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I haveD. So

27、I have答案:A【解析】考查倒装句。 Neither+系动词(助动词或情态动词+主语表达否定,意为“另一者也不” 。 So+系动 词(助动词或情态动词+主语,表示 “另一者也” 。根据句意“我从没看过电影加勒比海盗:惊涛怪浪可 知,答语为“我也没看过” ,故选 A 。【 2011浙江衢州】 28. One of my friends _moved to America. I miss her so much.A.has B. have C. is D. are答案:A【解析】现在完成时。我的一个朋友搬到美国了,我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影响和后果,因此用现在完成 时;主语是 one ,用

28、单数。(2011 湖南衡阳 31. Do you like your new T shirt? Yes. Not only I but also my mother _ it.A. likes B. like C. doesn t like答案:A【解析】连词考查。 Not only-but also谓语动词的确定是临近原则。(2011 湖南衡阳 26. Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday. .Let s go together.A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I答案:C【解析】考查倒装句。 So+系动词

29、(助动词或情态动词+主语,表示 “另一者也” 。【 2011山东】 23.- What can you see in the picture?- I can see a farm. And there _ a lot animals on it.A. is B. areC. will beD. be23. 答案:B【解析】考查点:本题考查 there be 句型的用法。解题思路:动词 be 单复数形式要跟 there be 之后的真正的主语 一致。本题 there be之后的真正的主语是复数 animals ,故本题选择 B 。【 2011湖北黄石】 34. The head teacher

30、with his students _Teanchengshan Park if it _tomorrow.A. is going to; isn t rainy B. are going to; isn t rainyC. is going to; won t rain D. are going to; doesn t rain答案:A【解析】主谓一致和状语从句。 The head teacher 为主语, with 后面的不是主语,所以应为第三人称单数; if 后用 一般现在时表将来的意思。【 2011广东】 37. David, there _ a dictionary and some

31、 books on your desk. Please put them away. OK. Mum. I ll do it right away.A. isB. areC. hasD. have答案:A【解析】本题考查 there be句型的就近原则。 There be后面接并列名词时,谓语动词 be 应与最邻近的名词在数上 保持一致 , 首先排除 C 、 D 项。又因为句中的名词为单数 a dictionary,由此可排除 B 项。故选 A 。【 2011四川德阳】 8. Physics _ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?- Ye

32、s, I think so.A. is B. are C. has答案:A【解析】本题考查系动词的用法。句意“物理比中文难学多了,你也这样认为吗?” 。可知 Physics 在此作为一门 学科,应用单数形式 is ,故选 A 。【 2011乌鲁木齐】 32. _ Lily _ Lucy is going with you because one of them must slay at home.A. Not only; but also B. Neither; norC. Both; and D. Either; or【答案】 D【解析】连词的考察 Not only; but also “不

33、但而且” ; Neither; nor “既不也不”Both; and “和” ; Either; or“或者或者” ,由下文“他们中的一个必须呆在家里” ,可知“或者露西或 者莉莉与你一起去”【2011 广东深圳】6. He, together with his parents _going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you? I'm afraid I have to stay at home _ _. A. are; on my own B. is, by myself C. is; by my own D. are; on myself 答案：B 【解析】 考查主谓一致与 by oneself 的用法。 介词 with 后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语 he 一致， A,D 错。 oneself 故 by 是“独自”的意思。故选择 B。 (2011 湖南岳阳中考21.There a football mat