新人教新目标版八年级英语上册Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation短语语法知识点汇总

1、Un it 1 Where did you go on vacatio n、必背单词短语。1.相当多quite a few2.大部分时间most of the time3.记日记keep a diary4.买特别的东西buy somethi ng special5.遇见有趣的人meet some one in teresti ng6.做有趣的事情do someth ing in teresti ng7.拍了相当多的照片take quite a few photos8.决定做某事decide to do sth.9.到达(+大地点)arrive in10.做一个决定make a decisi o

2、n11.尽力做某事try to do sth12.尝试做某事try doing sth13.尽某人最大努力做try one s best to do sth.14.感受到，觉得feel like15.想要做某事(feel)feel like doing16.在过去in the past17.开始做某事start/beg in to do/do ing18.由于+n ./pro n./v-i ngbecause of19.等待wait for20.足够的钱enough money21 另外两个小时ano ther two hours22.如此以至于sothat 23.与不同be differe

3、nt from24.与相同the same as25.与相同the same as【教材知识点总结】Sectio n A1.Where did you goon vacation? (P. 1)on vacation 意为在度假”，结构on+名词”表示在某种状态中”。例句： My family went to Hainan on vacati on last year.2.visitedmy uncle (P. 1)visit 此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。例句：I visited my gra ndmother last we

4、ek.例句： Do you want to visit Shan ghai?3.go withanyone? (P. 2)(1) anyone 用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于 anybody，用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中用 some one 或者 somebody。但是 anyone 也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人”。例句： Did you meet anyone frien dly in that city?例句： Anyone can be helpful in some way.(2) anyone 只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of 短语;any one 既可以指

5、人也可以指物，后可接 of 短语。例句： You can ask any one of us about this question.4.buy anything special? (P. 2)buy 用作双宾语动词，表示买” ，常用的结构为buy sb. sth. ”或者buy sth, for sb. ”，表示“为某人买某物”。例句： My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。give sb. sth.=give sth. t

6、o sb.给某人某物bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.给某人看某物tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某物sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人形容词修饰复合不定代词(something/body/one,anything/body/one,nothing/body/one.everyth in g/body/o ne )时，放在复合不定代词后面。例句：I have_ (一些重要的事情)to tell you.5. Weto

7、ok quite a few photosthere. (P. 2)take photos 意为“拍照、照相”,take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给.拍照”例句： We_ (take) many photos on the Great Wall last year.例句：Could you_( take) a photo of us?6. I just stayed at homemost of the timeto read and relax. (P. 2)most of 表示“中大多数”,后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于后面所

8、_接名词的单复数。例句：Most of the food_(go) bad.例句： Most of us_(be) going to the park.7. No, I boughtnothing. (P. 3)nothing 用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于 not anything 。例句：I did nothing special last month.=I didn t do_special last month.8. Did every onehave a good time? (P. 3)have a good time 表示“玩得开心”，后接动词 ing，表示“做某事很

9、开心” ，have a good time 相当于enjoy on eself/have fun。例句： We had a good time at the party. =We enjoyed ourselves at the party.=We had fun at the party.9.How did you like it?(P. 3)How do you like.?意为“你认为.怎么样”，相当于 How do you feel about.? 或者 What do youthi nk of.?例句：-How do you_ the film? -Won derful.-A. th

10、i nk ofB. like10. Did yougo shopping? (P. 3)go shopping 表示去购物、去买东西”，相当于 do some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, goskat ing, go fish ing, go hik ing, go boati ng, go camp ing等。I went shopp ing and bought someth ing for my pare nts.11.Of course! (P. 3)of course 意为当然”，相当于 sure 或者 certainly。例句：-May I borr

11、ow your dict ion ary?例句：-Of course!12. Still no oneseemecto bebored. (P. 3)seem 用作系动词，表示似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+ 句子。例句： The story_ (seem) true.例句： What he said seemed_ (be) a lie.例句：It_(seem) that they are going to pull dow n the house.bored 表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring 表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物

12、的特征。例句： The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以 ed 结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing 结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：in teresti ng/in terested; excit in g/excited; surpris in g/surprised。Sectio n B1. What activities do youfind enjoyable? (P. 5)(1) find 这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth+

13、n./adj./d oing sth./介词短语。例句： The stude nts find(she) a kind teacher.例句： I find the book(use).例句： When 1 passed his house, I found his wife(cook)例句： Fin ally, they found the boy in the tree.enjoyable 是 enjoy 的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。例句：I m sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.例句： The job is enjoy

14、able and I like it.2. Iarrivedin Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)arrive 作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in 或者 at。例句： When did you arrive?例句： We are arriving at the station at two o clock.【拓展】reach 表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词(get 和 arrive )都是不及物动词，get to+ 地点；arrive in/a

15、t+地点。3. .so wedecidedto go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)例句：decide 表示决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.例句： The government decided to build ano ther school in this village.4. My sister and Itried paragliding. (P. 5)try doing sth.尝试做某事” ；try to do sth.尽力做某事”。例句： The doctor tries to save the sick girl.

16、例句： The boy tried playing the piano.【拓展】try 也可以用作名词，表示尝试”，have a try 表示尝试一下”。I m going to have a try.5. Ifelt likeI was a bird. (P. 5)feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。He feels like he is swimmi ng.【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=wa nt to do sth.Do you feel li

17、ke_ (go) out for a walk with me?=Would you like_(go) out for a walk with me?=Do you want_(go) out for a walk with me?6. There area lot ofnew buildings now.(P. 5)a lot of 相当于 lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.【拓展】只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great de

18、al of, much, too much只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a nu mber of既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, ple nty of7. Iwonderwhat life was like here in the past. (P. 5)wonder 表示“好奇、想知道”，后接 whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。例句：I won der what they are doing now.例句：I wond

19、er if you can help me.8. I reallyenjoyedwalking around the town. (P. 5)enjoy 用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。例句： Do you enjoy music?例句：I don t enjoy sleeping with the window open.9.What a differenee a day makes! (P. 5)本句是 what 引导的感叹句，what 引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“ What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可

20、数名词+主语+谓语”。“决定做某例句：多么漂亮的一朵花呀！ _例句：它们是多么有趣的书啊! 例句：多大的雪啊！【拓展】how 引导的感叹句的结构为“ How 形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。例句：How beautiful the bird is!例句：How fast Mary run s!the train. (P. 5)(1) wa nt 表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型 表示“想要某人做某事”。例句： They don t want to throw away the old furniture.例句： She wants her pare nts to pay f

21、or the car.(2) start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。例句： When shall we start the meeti ng?例句： Let s start discuss in g/to discuss about the n ext problem.11. Wewaited overan hour for the train because there arewait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事” ；wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”例句： We are wait ing for the result of t

22、he exam.例句： All the passe ngers are wait ing to get on the bus.例句： The children can t wait to rush out after the class is over.over 此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于 _例句：My father is over 40 years old.(3) too much, much too禾口 too many 辨析too much太多(的)用作形容词，修饰不可数名词I have too much homework to do.用作副词，修饰动词Don t eat too m

23、uch.much too太用作副词，修饰形容词和副词The picture is much too beautiful.too many太多的用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数The littleboy has too manyquestions to ask.12. Andbecause ofthe bad weather, we couldnt see anythingbelow. (P. 5)(1) because of 意为“因为、由于，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because 是连词，引导原因状语从句,后接一个句子。例句： He is late for school_the bad wea

24、ther.例句： =He is late for school_the weather is bad.below 表示“在.以下、低于”，反义词是 above，意为“在. 之上，超过”10.Wewan tedto walk up to the top, but the n itstartedraining a little so we decided to takewant sb. to do sth. ”中,too manypeople. (P. 5)等待做某事” ；can t wait to do sth.例句：It was five degrees below zero last ni

25、ght.13. My father didn tbring enoughmoney.(P. 5)bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here 连用；take 表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there 连用；carry 表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。The stude nts brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.(2) en ough 可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。例

26、句： The rich man has eno ugh mon ey.例句： =The rich man has money eno ugh.【拓展】enough 还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be+adj.+e no ugh+to do sth. “足够.能够做某事”。例句： The boy is_ ( 足够年长 )to go to school.例句：The father works_(足够努力)for his family.14. Well, but the next day wasnot as good. (P. 5)当我们要表示双方某方面(

27、如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用asas 或 not asas 结构，表示“和一样”或“和不一样”。如：例句：Mary is as_as Linda.玛丽和琳达一样仔细。例句：He does n ot run as_ as Tom.他跑步没有汤姆快。15. .because weforgotto bring an umbrella. (P. 6)forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doi ng sth. “忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。例句：He forgot_(take) the message to his

28、 frie nd.他忘记给朋友发短信了。例句：Don t forget_(lock) the door whe n you leave.临走别忘锁门。例句： Don t you forget_(meet) me in the street yesterday?难道你不记得昨天从大街上见到我了吗？16.Why not? (P. 8)why not 意为“为什么”，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于 why don t you.?例句： Why not go to the party with me?例句：=Why don t you go to the party with me?17. Eve

29、ry one in our class took a bagwithsome food and water. (P. 8)with 此处表示“具有、带有”，还可以表示“和. 在一起”或者“用”。例句：I ofte n go to school with my frien ds.例句：Cut the apple with a knife.18. My legs weresotiredthatI wan ted to stop. (P. 8)so.that. 意为“如此以至于”，用来引导结果状语从句，so 是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。例句： Our school is so beautiful

30、that every one likes it.例句： He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.【拓展】such.that.引导结果状语从句，表示如此. 以至于前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。例句： He is such a smart boy that we all like him.例句： They are such experieneed workers that they will solve the problem soon.19. My classmatestoldme tokeep going, so Iwent on. (P

31、. 8)tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事” ，tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事”。例句： The teacher told us to clean the windows.例句：I told him not to draw on the wall.(2)keep doing sth. 表示继续做某事、一直做某事”例句： She kept watching TV for two hours last night.(3)go on 表示继续”，go on to do sth.表示(完成一件事后)接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./

32、goon with sth. 意为继续做同一件事”。例句： She went on to become a doctor.例句： You can t go on working without any rest.例句： We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.20. Every one jumpedup and dow nin exciteme nt. (P. 8)up and down 表示上上下下、来来回回”。例句： They looked up and down.例句： He walks up and dow n in the room.21

33、. Twenty minutes later, the sun started tocome up.(P. 8)come up 意为升起、发生”。例句：It gets hot after the sun has come up.例句： Please let me know if anything comes up.【语法讲解】一、复合不定代词1、由 some, any, no, every 加上 one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。onebodythi ngsomesome onesomebodysometh inganyanyoneanybodyanythingeveryevery oneeverybodyeveryth ingnono onenobodyno thi ng2、用法，such 后面