What和that在名词性从句中的用法区别

1、学习必备欢迎下载What 和 that 在名词性从句中的用法区别What 和 that 都可以引导名词性从句。一. 在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that 般要注意三个不（three nos）：1 .不省略（no ellipsis）当从属连词 that 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that 不省略。Eg. 1） That he was able to come made us happy. （That 引导主语从句不可省略）2） The truth is that I didn t go thtteat 引导表语从句不可省略）3）The news that our teamhas wo

2、n is true. （that 引导同位语从句不可省略）但在非正式文体中 that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外：that 在宾语从句中不能省略的情况.（1）. 在主+谓+it（形式宾语）+宾补+that,从句（真正宾语）的句型中不省略.Eg: 4） He made it quite clear that he preferred to study En glish. （that 不可以省略）他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。（2）.由连词 and 连接的两个由 that 引导 的宾语从句中，则第二个宾语从句前的that 不省略。Eg: 5） He told me that he wo

3、uld come and that he would come on time. （第一个 That 可以省略，但第二个 that 不可以省略。）他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。2 .不作成分（no component）that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。Eg.6）Syd ney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure ofher happ in ess. （that 在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分）7）That you don like him is n

4、one of my bus in ess.（that 在句中引导主语从句， 但在句中不作任 何成分，也不省略）3. 没词义（no meaning）that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。Eg. 8）That she is a rich woman is known to us. （that 在句中引导主语从句， 但在句中没有汉语意义）她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。9） The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. （that 在句中引导同位语从句，但在 句中没有汉语意义）他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。二. 在引导

5、名词性从句时，What 一般要注意一个不（ one no）,一个有（meaning），一个作（component）:1 .不省略what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。eg. 10） What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.（what 在句中引导主语从句， what 不省略）11）-1 think it sgoing to be a big problem.-Yes , it could be .-1 wonder what we can do about. （what 在句中引导宾语从句，

6、但在句中不省略）2 .有词义what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般是-的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与 that 用法不一样eg. 1） This is what she wan ted to show us. （what 在句中引导表语从句， 在句中有词义， 意思是“-的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。学习必备欢迎下载12） What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. （what 在句中引导主语从句，在句中 有词义，意思是“-的东西、事情）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。3 .作成分what 在引导名词性从句时，在从

7、句中充当成分。这一用法与that 用法不一样。Eg. 13)lt doesnmatter what he said.( it 是形式主语，what 在句中引导主语从句。What 在主语从句中作 said 的宾语。)14) It was true_ Alice did surprised her mother.A. that what B. what that C. that that D. all what评析：这一题正确答案是A it 在句中是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句that Alice didsurprised her mother.，在这个主语从句当中， what 又引导了主

8、语从句 what Alice did , what在从句中作 did 的宾语。三要特别提醒同学们的两点：1. What 所引导的从句可以在介词后作宾语，而that 从句一般不可以。Eg :15) After mon ths of voyage ,Columbus arrived in_ later proved to be a new con ti nent.A. where B. which C. what D. that评析：答案是 Co因为在介词 in 后面，应该用 what 引导的宾语从句，what 在宾语从句 中作主语。而 that 不可以这样用。16) On stepp ing i

9、nto his room, he was ast oni shed to find the floor covered with_lookedlike tiny in sects.A. that B. somethi ng C. what D. anything评析：答案是 C。因为在介词 with 后面，应该用 what 引导的宾语从句，what 在宾语从 句中作主语。而 that 不可以这样用。2. that 可以引导定语从句，而且是定语从句引导词中的顶梁柱，它在定语从句中要充当成分，通常作定语从句中的主语、宾语。同时that 也可以引导名词性从句，在名词性从句中that 不充当成分。 但

10、 What 不可以引导定语从句。它只可以引导名词性从句，在句中相当于 what =allthat ,what 在名词性从句中充当成分，常常作主语、宾语和表语。Eg:17).AII_ I want to know is what he meant .A. that B. which C. what D. whatever评析：答案是 A.本题是 that 引导的定语从句。而 what 不可以引导定语从句。 What=all that .又因为先行词是 all ,故其后不可以接 which 引导的定语从句。而.Whatever=anything that /no matter what 从意义和语

11、法都不符合。所以只能选A,that.18)_impressed me most was_such a little boy could play the violin so well.A. That ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. What ; what评析：答案是 B.第一空是 what 引导的主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。第二空是that 引导的表语从句，that 在表语从句中不省略，不作成分，也没词义。要真正掌握 What 和 that 在名词性从句中的用法，还得多多操练，熟能生巧(Practice makesperferct)。练习：一

12、改错题：1. What we all like him is certain.2. He left is certain.3.I wished that we could go to Beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back学习必备欢迎下载4.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.5. The idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him.6.

13、The news our team has won is true.7. He said that he had made a big mistake and he felt very sorry for it.学习必备欢迎下载8.The reason he did not come is he was ill.9.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.10 .When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: Al

14、ways give themonkey exactly that he wants.Keys: 1.（whatThat） 2.（he 前加 that） 3.（在 and 后加 that） 4.（在 the car 前加 that） 5.（whichTthat） 6.（在 news 后加 that ） 7.（第一个 that 可以省略，但第二个 that 不可以省略。 所以要在 and 后加that） 8.（在 is 后加 that） 9.（在 fact 后加 that） 10.（将 that 改 what） 二）高考题：14.98_caused the accident is still a

15、complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where15.01 A computer can only do_ you insteucted it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. whenKeys:11-15 BAAAC三）选择题：16 . Air to us is_ water to fish.A. what B. that C. / D. like17. China is not_it used to be .A. that B. what C. which D. /18. After_seemed to be

16、ten years later, he returned to his hometown.A. what B. that C. / D. which19._ There are signsrestaurants are becoming more popular with families.A. that B. which C. in which D. whose20t is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out theatmosphere today.A. that B. when C

17、. what D. how21._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from oneaspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which22.-What made her parents so angry ?-_ she had failed in the exam.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That23nformation has been put forward_more middle school graduat

18、es will be admitted intouniversities.A. while B. that C. when D. as24.-Are you still thinking about yesterday s game ?-Oh, that s_ .A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about11.92 It worried her a bitA. whileB.thatC. ifher hair was turned grey.D. for12. 93A. Whathe said at the me

19、eting astonished everybody present.B. ThatC. The factD. The matter13.we can96A. What / whatsteedsbetterthanB.What /thatwe have.C. That / thatD. That / what学习必备欢迎下载C. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited25. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_ road conditionsneed_.A

20、. that , to be improved B. which , to be improved C. where, improving D. when , improving26. Word has come_ some foreign guests will come to our school.A. that B. whether C. which D. what27. No one can be sure_in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. what look will

21、 like manD. what look will man like.28. _ puzzled the police especially was_ the murderer died .A. The thing ; that B. That ; how C. What ; how D. Which ; how29.Sometimes we are asked_ the likely result of an action will be .A. that we think B. what we think C. what do you think D. if we think30. Th

22、e fire destroyed all_was in the building .A. what B. which C. that D. how31t certain_he will come to our rescue.A. whether B. what C. that D. if32. Im sure_ things will get better and_ we will get out of the trouble soon.A. that ; which B. /;/ C. /; that D. that ; /33. He was so pleased with all_ we had done for him_ he wrote us a letter to praise usfor it . A. what ; what B. what ; that C. that ; what D. that ; that34. Was it in his office_the manager made a promise_ he would give me promotion?A. when ; th