北师大版高中英语必修三重点词汇汇总

1、必3重点单词和短语汇总Unit6Lpersuade vt.说服to cause sb. to do sth .by reasoning or arguing.persuade的常用结构：(1) persuade sb,说服某人 persuade sb. of sth,使某人相信 persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人干某事 persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人干某事 persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不干某事 He persuaded all the world-famous pop stars to come an

2、d sing at one of these concerts.他说服了所有的世界著名歌星来为这些音乐会中的一场免费演出。It's difficult to persuade him to do that. He persuaded her into going with him.他说服了她跟他一 起去。(2) persuade sb. that使某人相信I persuaded him that he was mistaken.我说服了他，使他相信他是错的。辨析：advise 与 persuade advise sb. to do sth.相当于try to persuade sb.

3、to do sth.,意为“劝说，建议某人做某事”，但不一定说服对方。 如：She advised him to give up smoking, but he wouldnl listen.2. presenvt.讲演，演示to give information about sth.The English teacher asked two of us to present a five-minute dialogue in English.(1) present/prezent/adj.出席的，到场的：现在的，目前的° (作定语或表语) present- presence n.(

4、2) present n.目前，现在：礼物：赠品。如：Writers of history books often attempt to link the past with the present.写历史书的人总是力图 把过去与现在联系起来。The children were delighted with the presents.(3)vt.送给,赠与,呈交The children presented flowers to the teachers.(4) vt.提出(论点，看法)He presented his view and then sat down.短语：be present出席

5、的，在场的be absent缺席，不在场扩展词组：be present in 存在于at the present 当前，目前in the presence of在在场的情况下present sth. to sb.把某物赠送给某人，向某人呈送某物present sb. with sth.把某物赠送给某人注意：注意：present作形容词”在场的，出席的“讲时，作定语置于被修饰的名词之前，而present作形容 词”现在的，目前的“讲时，作定语置于被修饰的名词之前，如：Whafs the number of the people present at the meeting? He is plea

6、sed with this present job.3. intelligence n.智力,理解力the ability or talent to learn and understand.There are schools specially built for children with low intelligence.有专门为低智商的孩子建设的学校。intelligent adj.有才智的，理解力强的；intelligently adv,聪明地，理解力强地IQ: intelligence quotient 智商His intelligence quotient is very hig

7、h.4. frightening adj.令人惊恐的,骇人的making people feel fear. Children are not allowed to see frightening films.拓展：frighten vt.,意为“使惊恐,使害怕”,The noise frightened the baby, frightening 与 frightened frightening adj.”令人惊恐的，骇人的”：frightened adj.”受惊吓的，恐惧的”。现在分词形式的形容词一般表示“令人”：过去分词形式的形容词一般表示“自身感到工如：Seeing the frigh

8、tening snake, the little girl was much frightened.看到这条吓人的蛇，这位小姑 娘非常害怕。5. spirit 精神a person's mind or feelings as distinct from his body soul. The hardship didn't break the man's spirit, spirit的常见搭配in high spirit/mood 情绪高涨：in low spirit/mood 情绪低落对比:spirit 与 soulsoul所指的灵魂是完全相对于身体而言；spirit指

9、真.正的鬼魂、幽灵。6. sailorn.水手, 海员 a person who works on a boat. The sailor in the white uniform is waving to me. 注意sailor是动词sail加-or构成的表示人的名词，而不是以-er结尾。常见的以-or 结尾的名词有 doctor/monitor/conductor/mirror/sailor/professor 等。7. voyage n. vt 航海，航空a long trip by sea or air; travel by boat propelled by wind or by o

10、ther means. He went on a voyage around the world. Tliey voyaged across the Indian Ocean. They made a voyage across the Atlantic, voyage 常见搭配：go on a voyage出航，出国旅行；make/take a voyage 出去月亢海；an international voyage 国际航行：a long/ round voyage长途航行：往返航程；a sea/an ocean voyage 航海：a passage voyage 航渡辨析： voyag

11、e Journey, travel, tour 与 trip（1） voyage常指海上或空中的旅行。如： He went on a voyage round the world.（2） journey常指远距离的陆路旅行。如：They decided to take a train journey.（3）travel常指长距离旅行或国外旅行。如： He came home after years of foreign travel.（4） tour常指观光、考察等的环游旅行。如： They are on a wedding tour.（5） trip常指短距离的旅行。如：I enjoyed

12、our trip to the seaside.8. further adv.更远，较远；进一步at or to a greater distance in space or time to a greater degree or extent. Their misunderstanding was further complicated by the event.这事更加深了他们的误会。further的常见短语： further to再加，又及：go further进一步地说、做对比：further 与 farther这两个词都可表示距离，意为“更远，较远”：但further还可用来表示程度

13、，意为“更加，进 一步:如：The village is about two miles farthcr/further on.再向前约两英里就是那个村庄。We will study this matter further.我们会再深入的研究这个问题。Unit81. adventure n,奇遇，冒险的经历a risky and exciting experience.have an adventure 有冒险经历；a dangerous adventure 危险的探险：a high adventure令人激动的探险：a political adventure 政治冒险：a real adve

14、nture真正的冒险;a strange adventure 奇遇；2. take off 起飞to leave the ground and to up into the ainThe big plane took off easily.那架大飞机很容易地起飞了。1)take off还有“拿下，脱下”等意义。如：I can't take off the lid ifs stuck!这盖子给卡住了,我拿不下来!You must take off your hat when you go inside.2) take的常见短语：take against不喜欢，不赞成take apart拆

15、卸,拆开,打败,击败take back接回，收回，归还take down放下，拿下,记下,拆除take for把当作，把误认为take for granted想当然，信以为真take in接纳,吸收。收留takeoff脱下,拿掉，起飞,取消take on穿上，戴上，呈现，采用，take over接管，占领，取得主导地位take up拿起，抬起，搭载，吸收，开始发生兴趣，着手处理，占用3. 3. major adj.较重要的，较严重的greater when compared with others in size .number Jmportance or seriousness. There

16、 are always tr affic jams on major roads on Monday mornings. The car needs major repairs. 1) 同义词： chief adj.首要的：main adj主要的2)反义词：minor adj.次要的,较小的：unimportant adj.不重要的3)major在句中常作定语，没有比较级，也不可与than连用。如The major problem has not been discussed at today's meeting. maximum adj.最大的，最多的being or having

17、the largest amount or number; the greatest or most complete or best possible .The maximum number of students in each class is thirty.每班学生最多 30 人。拓展maximum的反义词为mininniin，意为“最小的,最低的如：What's the inininuim price?最低价是多少？maximum和minimum都没有比较级和最高级的形式，但它们表达的是最高级的意义，修饰 名词时,前面要用定冠词the，如:The is a maximum w

18、eight the bag will hold.(x)That is the maximum weight the bag will hold . ( V )那是这只袋子所能装载的最大重量。5. anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的 worried, uneasyI) be anxious about 担心。如：Parents are always anxious about their children's safety when the children are out. 2)be anxious for渴望(得到),极其希望如：He was anxious for his da

19、ughter to go abroad. 3) be anxious to do sth ,急于做如：We are anxious to start a journey.4) be anxious that 担心渴望如：I'm anxious that he should listen to my advice.He was anxious that the meeting the following day should be a success.辨析：be anxious about表示的一般是担心的“内容”；anxious for表示的一般是渴望得到的“目标”。All of us

20、 are anxious about his safety.我们都为他的安全担忧We were anxious for his safe return.我们盼望他平安归来。anxious与eager两者意思接近，但eager强调“对成功的渴望”或“进取的热情”，含有积 极向上的意思；anxious强调“担心”或“着急”，对结果感到不安。I'm eager for a holiday.我急切地盼望着假期°I'm eager to do that interesting work .我渴望做那件有趣的工作。6 . The food cooking on the fire

21、smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea ,you relax and watch the sun go down.在火上烤的食物散发着诱人的香味，你喝着热茶，轻松地欣赏着落日下山的美景。该句The food cooking on the fire smells great和and之后的部分为两个并列的分句：在第一 个分句中，cooking on the fire是现在分词短语作定语，修饰food：在第二个分句中，while you are having a hot cup of tea是状语从句，说明谓语动词relax an

22、d watch的时间，while意为“当时候”，表示一段时间，其后的谓语是延续动词；watch the sun go down为“感官动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作补语”结构° smell在该句中 为连系动词，意为“闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。如：This kind of flower smells sweet.这 种花闻起来很香。7 .关于prefer的相关表达For people who prefer to spend some time on the coast, we can organize your travel and accommodation too.对于宁愿在海边

23、多留些日子的人，我们也可安排行程和食宿。who prefer to spend some time on the coast 是一个定语从句，修饰 people, for是“对于”的意思：spend此处是“度过（时间）”的意思，而不是“花（钱）买北 如：He spent his childhood in a small village. I spent my holidays on a farm,）石展：prefei意为“更喜欢，宁愿（而不愿）”。其常用结构如下：Dprefersth.更喜欢某物.如Which do you prefer, basketball or volleyball?你比

24、较喜欢哪个，篮球还是排球？2） prefer to do /doing sth.更愿意做某事。如：He prefers reading/to read in the library.他比较喜欢在图书馆看书。She prefers to sleep with the light on .3） prefer that从句（谓语用should十动词原形）更喜欢某事,如：She preferred that we should have a discussion right there.她希望我们就在那里讨论©4） prefer（doing）A to （doing）B喜欢A胜过喜欢B;宁愿（

25、做）A而不愿（做）B°如:I prefer coffee to tea.He prefers staying at home to going to the cinema.他宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影,5） prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B。如：I prefer to work rather than sit idle.我宁愿工作而不喜欢闲坐。6）prefer sb. to do sth .愿意别人做某事，如：We prefer you to stay for dinner.提示：1）prefer本身含有比较之意，表示“更喜欢”

26、，不能再与比较级连用。2） prefer后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意义基本相同。3） preferto结构中的to为介词,所以prefer和to后均对等接名词、代词或动名词。4）在 prefer -rather than 结构中，prefer 后接 to do , rather than 后接 do.5） prefer sb.t。do sth .结构表示“更愿意让别人做某事”，而不是主语做。8.关于break的相关表达breakout （坏事）突然发生，to happen suddenly; to burstFighting broke out between the two.双方开始了 交

27、战。1）表示“发生，爆发”之意的 occur/happen /take place /break out /come about 都不能用于被 动语态。2） break的常见短语：break up打碎,分裂，解体,驱散；break down损坏，出故障，拆毁，失败，崩溃；break in突然打断；break into自行闯入,破门而入:break off中断，折断，突然停止，断交：break out爆发，突然发生：break through冲破，穿透，克月艮；break away from 脱离：break the law 违法：break the ice打破僵局辨析：break outt h

28、appen 与 take placebreak out多表示“战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等爆发”。A big fire broke out last night in the hotel.昨天夜里这家旅馆发生了一场大火° happen多指“偶 然发生，意外地发生二如：The accident happened outside my house.事故就发生在我家房子的外面。take place多指“有计划或事先安排好地发生”，偶尔也指意外发生。如：When will the sports meeting take place?运动会什么时候举行？Unit9actually adv.实际上；

29、事实上；其实（用于说明个人观点或补充新的信息） 词汇链接：®actual adj.实际的actuality n,实际，事实短语拓展：表示“实际上，事实上”的短语有 in fact, in actual fact, as a matter of fact。1. transport vt.运输n. U运输：交通工具The yellow bus transports passengers from the airport to the city.那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机 场运送至城里。搭配：transport by road/ water/ air公路/水上/航空运输词汇拓展：trans

30、portation n.运送，运输transporter n.运输者transportable adj.可运输的©transport charges 运费effect n.结果，效果；影响，作用；印象vt.产生；引起Did the medicine have any effect?这药有作用吗？词汇链接：effective adj.有效的，有影响的，有作用的effectively adv.有效地effectiveness n.效果，效能短语拓展：be in effect生效,有效come into effect 生效©have an effect on sth.对有影响（起

31、作用）in effect实际上，事实上of no effect没有作用（做表语）©pul/bring into effect 使生效to no effect不起作用to the effect that大意是，意思是易混辨析：effect与affect作“影响"解时，effect是名词,affect是动词。effect作动词是,意为“引起，实现”。A word from the teacher will have great effect on the pupils,老师的一句话对学生有很大的影 响。Smoking affects one's health.抽烟影响人

32、的健康°benefit vt.有益于；对有益 n.利益；好处The old school benefited us enormously.那所老学校使我们受益匪浅。I got a lot of benefit from learning foreign languages.我从学习夕卜语中得到 了许多益处。 词汇链接：beneficial adj.有益的，有利的，有帮助的beneficiary 1.受益者，受惠人短语拓展：benefit from/by从中受益be of benefit to对有益处for the benefit of 为了的益处5. convenient adj.便

33、利的，方便的常用搭配：be convenient to/foi对方便（不用人做主语）I have moved to an apartment that is convenient to shopping and transportation.我搬进了问购 物和交通都很方便的公寓。The house is very convenient for several schools.这座房子离几所学校都很近。误区警示：表示“方便的，合适的；便利的，附近的”，均可与介词for连用。The market is convenient for me. T场离我很近。convenient不能用人做主语。I

34、9;ll come when it is convenient for you.我会在你方便的时候来的。(不能说：Hl come when you are convenient.) 词汇链接：(Dconvenience n.方便，便利conveniently adv,便利地6. allow v.准许，允许常用搭配：allow (doing) sth. / allow sb. to so sth. / allow sb. + 副词或介词短语易混辨析：allow, permit 与 letallow和permit都表示“允许”，用法也一样，住许多情况下可以互换，只是在词义上有强 弱之别。allow

35、词义较弱，含有“听任”“默许” “不加阻止”的意思，permit词义较强，强 调“正式认可”“批准”的意思：let表示“让”，词义最弱，较口语化，用法上也不用于allow 和permit： let后面的宾补为不带to的动词不定式；let一般不用于被动语态。hopeful adj.有希望的，持有乐观态度的词汇链接：hopefully adv.有希望地，充满希望地hopeless adj.没有希望的，无望的，糟糕透顶的短语拓展：be hopeful about对抱有希望be hopeful of doing sth.有望做某事8. provide vt.提供短语拓展：(Dprovide sth.

36、for sb. = provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物provide for sb.提供生活所需(3)providing/providcd + that 从句 假如Hl agree to go providing/provided that my expenses are paid.假如为我负担费用，我就同意去© look/ be fed up感到厌烦 短语扩展：feed up给吃食物，使吃饱feed on = live on 以为食10. insert vt.插入，嵌入Insert coins into the slot and press for a tic

37、ket.把硬币放进投币 口，按钮取票,I wish to insert an advertisement in your newspaper,我想在贵报上登一则广告。11. design v.设计；制图；计划；制造n.图样；设计；布局；目的，意图 词汇链接：©designer n.设计者designable adj.能设计的，可被区分的designedly adv.故意地，有计划地短语拓展：by design故意地，蓄意地have designs on/ against对.抱有不良企图，图谋加害于©design sth. for sb./ sth.为某人/某物设计某事物th

38、anks to多亏，由于拓展：英语中其他表示“由于”的短语：because of多作状语。Because of the rain, we didn't go camping last week.由于下雨了,我们上周没有去野营。due t。多作状语或表语。Some students quit school due to poverty. 一些学生因贫困而辍学。His success is due to industry.他的成功是由于勤奋。owing to多作状语。Owing to staff shortages, there was no restaurant car on the t

39、rain.由于缺人手，这趟火车上没有 餐车。13. consequence 11.结果,后果，影响（通常用复数）短语拓展：in consequence = as a result 因此14. arrestvt.逮捕,拘捕He was arrested for dangerous driving.他因危险驾驶而被逮捕。n.逮捕，拘留The police made several arrests.警方逮捕 了 好几个人。短语拓展：arrest sb. for sth.由于某事逮捕某人make an arrest 逮捕place/ put sb. under arrest 逮捕某人work out算

40、出；理解，弄懂；计划；解决短语拓展：workat/on从事，致力于work as 当.做.工作©work for为.工作，努力促成16. argue vi.争辩，争吵；表明词汇链接：argument n.争论,辩论：论点，论据短语拓展：argue with sb. about/ on/ over sth.关于某事与某人争论argue for/ against 赞成/反对argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事©argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事He argued against the plan.他据理反对这个计划

41、。易混辨析：argue, discuss, quarrel 与 fightargue意为“争论，主张”，强调以理由或证据来说服。discuss意为“讨论”，目的在于解决问题、制定方针等，且通常气氛友好。quarrel意为“吵架，争吵”，暗示有很多的吵闹声。fight意为“打架”，暗示除了吵闹声还有动作。17. sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的；神经过敏的；易受伤害的词汇链接：sense n.感觉；理解：v.感觉到，意识到senseless adj.无意义的，无道理的；无意识的sensible adj.合理的：明智的©sensitivity n.敏感性，过敏性短语拓展：be

42、sensitive to对敏感:易受影响的be sensitive about/ to易生气的；神经质的gentle adj.和蔼的，温和的；轻柔的；不陡的，坡度小的a gentle slope 一个不陡的坡词汇链接：gently adv.清清地：逐渐地短语拓展：be gentle with sb.对某人很温柔18. fierce adj.凶猛的，残酷的；狂热的，强烈的；激烈的，狂暴的The house is guarded by a fierce dog.房子由一条凶猛的狗看守。There is so much unemployment and the competition for job

43、s is fierce.失业非常严重，求职的竞 争也十分激烈。常见搭配：fierce wind/ storm 狂风/暴雨fierce light刺眼的光线©fierce competition 激烈的竞争易混辨析：fierce与violentfierce表示“（表情）恶狠狠的，（感情）强烈的，（竞争等）激烈的，猛烈的”。violent指使用据有破坏性的暴力手段或由暴力引起的，意为“强暴的，猛烈的二schedule1 .n.时间表，进度表，日程安排常见搭配：ahead of schedule 提前on schedule按照预定时间according to schedule 按日程表（4

44、）bchind schedule比预定时间晚2 . vt.预定,安排常见搭配：®bc scheduled for.安排在be scheduled to do.（某人）预定/计划做某事The interview is scheduled for 10: 00 am tomorrow.而试安排在明天上午 10 点。He is scheduled to visit the US next year.他计划明年访问美国.foolish adj.愚蠢的，傻的；荒谬的词汇链接：fool I】.傻瓜：小丑易混辨析：foolish, silly 与 stupid这三个词一般情况下可以通用。foolish最常用，着重指缺乏常识和判断力；stupid着重指人 智力低下，含较强的贬义；silly指因极端愚蠢而引起笑话，暗示低能。responsibility n.责任，职