unit 3 new words and expressions

1、Words and expressionsUnit 3 A healthy life1. Do you think smoking should be banned? ban (banned, banned) vt. 禁止禁止, 取缔取缔 ban sb. from sth./doing sth. 明令禁止明令禁止sb. 做做sth.Swimming is banned in this lake. 这个湖里不准游泳。这个湖里不准游泳。 We have put a ban on smoking. n. 禁止禁止; 禁令禁令C(+on/against)我们已禁止吸烟。我们已禁止吸烟。辨析辨析: ba

2、n/forbid/prohibit禁止禁止 ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止由于法律或社会压力而禁止, 有谴责或有谴责或不赞成的意味。不赞成的意味。搭配搭配ban sb. from sth./doing sth. forbid较常用较常用, 一般指较小的事情。一般指较小的事情。搭配搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth. prohibit强调以法律或官方行政手段强调以法律或官方行政手段, 或规章或规章制度的形式加以禁止。制度的形式加以禁止。搭配搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth. Exercises: 1) After

3、 the accident, he was _ from driving alone. 2) Our school _ us to bring cell phone to school. 3) The law _ the tobacco from being sold freely. bannedforbadprohibits2. due to 归因于归因于, 归功于归功于一般作表语一般作表语e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。 be due to do sth定于某时

4、做某事定于某时做某事 e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.可以被可以被caused by 所代替所代替表示因果关系的词和短语表示因果关系的词和短语because从属连词从属连词, 接从句接从句, 表示所叙述的表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点理由是本句的重点; assince从属连词从属连词, 接接从句从句, 表示理由是已知的表示理由是已知的, 而理由以外才是而理由以外才是叙述的重点叙述的重点; for并列连词并列连词, 不用于句首不用于句首, 至至于第一分句之后于第一分句之后, 补充说明理由补充说明理由; 第一分第一分句表示推测时句表示推

5、测时, 用用for说明推测的依据。说明推测的依据。because of 介词短语介词短语, 意思是意思是“因为因为”, 较口语化较口语化owing to 介词短语介词短语, 意思是意思是“因为因为”, 较较正式正式thanks to 介词短语介词短语, 意思是意思是“因为因为”、“多亏了多亏了” as a result of 介词短语介词短语, 意思是意思是“因为因为”as a result 副词短语副词短语, 意思是意思是“因此因此”therefore 副词副词, 意思是意思是“因此因此”so 并列连词并列连词, 意思是意思是“因此因此”with the result that 接从句接从句

6、, 意思是意思是“因因此此”3. addicted adj. “上了瘾的上了瘾的”, “入了迷入了迷的的” e.g. My children have become hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷我的几个孩子都成了电视迷,简直无可救药了。简直无可救药了。构词法构词法addict vt.使上瘾使上瘾,使沉溺于使沉溺于 n. 有瘾的人有瘾的人addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾沉湎、成瘾addicted adj.对对上瘾上瘾addict常用于下列结构常用于下列结构:addict oneself to sth.be addicted t

7、o sth.be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于某物沉溺于某物专心做某事专心做某事The parents felt helpless when they found their son had _ love stories for long.A. addicted B. addicted toC. addicted himselfD. been addicted to4. accustom vt. 使习惯于使习惯于孩子们很快就会适应新环境。孩子们很快就会适应新环境。Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surrou

8、ndings.我习惯于长距离步行我习惯于长距离步行I am accustomed to walking long distances.be/get/become accustomed to +名词名词习惯于；适应于习惯于；适应于你将会习惯于这个工作你将会习惯于这个工作。You will soon get accustomed to the job.注意注意:在英语中在英语中, to 有时为动词不定式符号有时为动词不定式符号, 后跟动词后跟动词原形原形; 有时用作介词有时用作介词, 后跟名词、代词、或动名后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的词。下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。均为介词。

9、stick to 坚持坚持 lead to 导致导致, 通向通向pay a visit to 参观参观 sentence sb. to 宣判某人宣判某人 come to 谈到谈到, 涉及涉及 pay attention to 注意注意be up to 总计总计 devoteto 致力于致力于 get down to 开始开始 /着手着手 look forward to 期待期待object to 反对反对 make contributions to 为为作贡献作贡献51. 表示表示“摸起来像摸起来像”The elephant _ _ a rope. 大象摸起来像根绳子。大象摸起来像根绳子。fe

10、els like2. 表示表示“像像(是是)”It _ _ rain. feels like3. 表示表示“想吃或喝想吃或喝”Do you _ _ a drink? 你想喝点什么吗你想喝点什么吗?feel like4. 表示表示“想做想做” (后接后接doing)I dont _ _ cooking. Lets eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。feel like6.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的失望的；沮丧的搭配:be disappointed in/with sb.with/about (doing) sth.that 从句从句对对.感

11、到失望（灰心）感到失望（灰心）disappoint v.使失望使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望失望appoint vt. 约定；任命；委派约定；任命；委派appointed adj. 指定的；约定的指定的；约定的appointment n. 约会；任命；职务约会；任命；职务7. ashamed/ shameful adj. 羞耻羞耻, 惭愧的惭愧的 ashamed 做表语做表语, 表示表示(人人)感到羞耻感到羞耻, 惭愧的惭愧的 shameful 指事情或行为本身可耻指事情或行为本身可耻, 不道德的。不道德的。 用用a

12、shamed或或shameful填空填空 1)The boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.2) I was _ of my _ behavior at that time. ashamedashamedshameful be/feel ashamed of sb./ sth 为为感到羞耻感到羞耻 be ashamed that/to do sth.不好意思做不好意思做sth.8. in spite of _ ( _ 词短语词短语)尽管尽管介介I went out in spite of the rain. 尽管尽管下雨我仍外出了。下雨

13、我仍外出了。 后接名词后接名词 in spite of ; despite; although; though虽然；尽管虽然；尽管介词介词连词连词单词短语单词短语句子句子都有都有“_”的意思，的意思，despite是是 _ 词，后词，后接接 _ 词或词或 _词；而词；而although = _ 是是_ 词，后接表示让步的状语从句。例如：词，后接表示让步的状语从句。例如：I think he is sad, _ / _ his smiles. 尽管他在微笑，我认为他很悲伤。尽管他在微笑，我认为他很悲伤。 We went for a walk _/_ it was raining. 尽管下雨，我们

14、还是去散步了。尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。尽管尽管介介名名代代though连连despite in spite of although though9. take risks _ take risks _ 为为而冒险而冒险 take risks _ 冒险做冒险做冒险冒险forto doe.g. They never take risks for god. 他们从不为神他们从不为神冒险冒险。Take risks to improve your business.冒险冒险改善你的业务。改善你的业务。at the risk of 冒冒的危险的危险/风险风险 at risk 处境危险处境危险10. g

15、et into=form=fall into1) _ get into the door 2) _ get into the habit (of) 3) _ get into water 进入进入养成养成陷入陷入I. Complete the sentences with words from the text.1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _ super hybrid rice.2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life,

16、he was not _ to the cold of Northern Europe.due toaccustomed 3. He was _ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.4. In spite of her wounded leg, she _to get up the stairs.5. He told me the same story _ until I felt like screaming.ashamedmanagedautomatically6. With exams only a

17、 week away, I am under a lot of _.7. When I _ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.8. _ health is as important as physical health.stressquit/quittedMental9. Now that I am _ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.10. _ often take more risks than adults.pregnantAdolescent

18、sII. 从所给词中选择适当的词填空。从所给词中选择适当的词填空。1. addicted; addictivea. It started as a hobby, but it got so _ I had to keep on doing it.b. My kids are _ to playing computer games.2. manage; managera. If the sales clerk cannot help you, ask to see the _.b. Helen was always a difficult child. None of her teachers

19、knew how to _ her.addictiveaddictedmanagermanage3. chemist; chemistrya. The great _ was given the Nobel Prize for her great discovery.b. _ was her favourite subject at school.chemistChemistryIII. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1. 由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不得不推迟。由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不得不推迟。(due to)2. 要过很长一段

20、时间你才能习惯当地的食物。要过很长一段时间你才能习惯当地的食物。(get accustomed to)3. 我打算举办个生日宴会我打算举办个生日宴会, 可我难以决定该邀请谁。可我难以决定该邀请谁。(decide on)4. 由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工作。由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工作。(quit) 5. 每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。(every time)6. 每次你想要玩电脑游戏时，提醒自己必每次你想要玩电脑游戏时，提醒自己必 须先要学习。须先要学习。7. 颜色不仅是我们自身的镜子，而且影响颜色不仅是我们自身的镜子，而且影响 着我们。着我们。II

21、I. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。翻译成英语。1.由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不得不推迟。得不推迟。(due to)2. 要过很长一段时间你才能习惯当地要过很长一段时间你才能习惯当地的食物。的食物。(get accustomed to)The sports meeting on Friday has to be put off due to bad weather conditions.It will be a long time before you get accustomed to the local food

22、.3. 我打算举办个生日宴会我打算举办个生日宴会, 可我难以决可我难以决定该邀请谁。定该邀请谁。(decide on)4. 由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工作。作。(quit)I am going to hold a birthday party, but I cannot decide on whom to invite.He was forced to quit teaching because of bad health. 5. 每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。(every time)Every time I go to s

23、ee him, he is always busy working.6. 每次你想要玩电脑游戏时，提醒自己必每次你想要玩电脑游戏时，提醒自己必 须先要学习。须先要学习。Every time you feel like playing computer games, remind that you must study first.Colors not only are a mirror of ourselves, but they have an effect on us as well. 7. 颜色不仅是我们自身的镜子，而且影响颜色不仅是我们自身的镜子，而且影响 着我们。着我们。IV. 用适

24、当的介词填空。用适当的介词填空。1. Wendy had hidden the box _ her bed.2. When I was _ your age, I did not live as rich and happy a life as you do.3. However hard it is, you must finish the construction of the lab _ three weeks.underat in 4. The reason he gave _ not coming to the meeting was that his car had broken down halfway.5. My little girl was _ pain because her bad tooth was pulled out.forin6. Whats your room number, please? And _ the way, could I have a look at your room card?7. The meeting has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.8. The trucks are doing gre