高中英语必修一-Unit5课本单元讲解(人教版)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语必修一 Unit5课本单元讲解（人教版）Unit5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero知识点详解. 常考单词必背1quality n质量；品质；性质Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.优质酒比劣质酒花费多。快速闪记(1)of high/good quality 优质的of low/poor quality 劣质的in quality 在质量上(2)形近意异词：quantity n数量；大量2mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的

2、v. 意思是；意欲，打算；意味着Don't be so mean to your little brother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！快速闪记(1)be mean to sb 对某人刻薄mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing 意味着be meant for 为而准备的be meant to be. 注定成为(2)means n. 方式；方法；途径3devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于She devoted herself to her career and never married all her life.她全力倾注于自己的事业，一

3、生没有结婚。快速闪记(1)devote one's life/energy/time.to (doing) sth 把某人的生命/精力/时间 用在/献给(做)某事上devote oneself to 献身于；致力于be devoted to 献身于；专心于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；专心4found vt. 建立；建设They founded/set up the company by themselves.他们自己创办了这家公司。快速闪记(1)found.on/upon. 把建在上；把基于(此结构一般

4、不用于进行时)(2)founder n奠基者，创立者，创办人foundation n建设，创立；基础5guidance n指导；领导guide vt. 引路，指导 n指导者；向导，导游6vote vt.&vi.投票；选举 n. 投票；选票；表决Whether you vote for or against the proposal doesn't seem to matter very much.无论你对这项提议投赞成票还是反对票，好像都不是很重要。快速闪记vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vo

5、te through 投票通过vote on. 就投票表决vote to do. 投票做7attack vt.&n. 进攻；攻击；抨击He was attacked for his speech on all the newspapers.所有的报纸都因他的言论对他进行抨击。快速闪记(1)attack sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而责难某人be attacked with 患/得(病)(2)make an attack on/against 攻击，袭击；抨击under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击8equal adj. 相等的；平等的v.

6、等于；比得上，敌得过 n. 同等的人；相等物It is evident that he is not equal to the job.显然，他不能胜任这个工作。快速闪记(1)be equal to 胜任；相等equal sb in sth 在某方面与某人匹敌be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌(2)equally adv. 平等地；同样地equality n. 平等；相等9escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露 n. 逃跑；逃脱She managed to escape from the burning

7、 car.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。快速闪记escape from 从逃脱、逃跑escape n./doing sth 避开(做)某事escape death 死里逃生a narrow escape 九死一生10educate vt. 教育；训练educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的Children should be educated to protect the environment.应该教育孩子们保护环境。快速闪记(1)educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事educate oneself 自学，自修be educated a

8、t/in a college 接受大学教育，上大学(2)education n. 教育educator n. 教育工作者；教育家11reward n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏They rewarded him for saving the child.他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。快速闪记(1)reward sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事奖赏某人reward sb with sth 用奖赏(酬谢)某人(2)as a reward for 作为酬谢；作为的奖赏in reward (for) 作为(对的)回报、奖赏12sentence

9、0;vt. 判决；宣判He has been sentenced to pay a fine of $200 for drunk driving.他因酒驾被判罚款二百美元。快速闪记be sentenced to 被判处(徒刑)sentence sb to do. 判决某人接受的刑罚sentence sb to death 判处某人死刑. 高频短语必会1as a matter of factin fact 事实上I'm going there tomorrow，as a matter of fact.其实，我明天是准备去那里。2blow up 使充气；爆炸A chem

10、ical factory blew up in the North of England.英国北部的一座化工厂爆炸了。3in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中快速闪记(1)ask for trouble 自找麻烦get into trouble 陷入困境take the trouble to do sth 不辞劳苦地做某事make trouble 惹麻烦(2)in pain 痛苦地in order 整齐地in anger 愤怒地in poverty 在贫穷中4turn to 求助于；致力于She turned to the study of medicin

11、e after graduation.毕业后，她致力于医学研究。快速闪记turn around/round 转过去，转身turn up 调高；出现turn down 调低；拒绝turn on/off 打开/关闭turn in 上交turn out 生产，制造；结果是turn over 翻过来；移交5lose heart 丧失勇气或信心快速闪记lose one's heart to 爱上、倾心于learn sth by heart 背诵，牢记put one's heart into 专心于break sb's heart 使某人很伤心heart and soul

12、 全心全意，完全地. 写作句式必学1The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.直到那时我们才决定以暴力反抗暴力。3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve

13、 our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这将有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。4It was a prison from which no one escaped.这是一座任何人都无法逃出的监狱。5I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次与一群人说话时我感到不舒服。. 短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。A Great PresidentAs the founder

14、0;of the republic，the president had many good _1_(quality)Beforecoming to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to_2_(selfless) help everyone _3_ turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who wer

15、e out of work or uneducated. Later，_4_(believe) all mankind to be equal，he devoted _5_ to stopping the unfair antiblack laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he _6_(keep) peaceful principle

16、s without violence and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house andattacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape _7_(sentence) to 30 years in prison.Not fearing of the prison guards'_8_(cruel)，he kept active 

17、;and begged no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always _9_(hope) and never lost heart during thestage even though he was in trouble.Finally，people rewarded him _10_ the leader's position and a gold blanket.【答案】1. qualities 2. selflessly 3. who 4. beli

18、eving 5. himself6. kept 7. being sentenced 8. cruelty 9. hopeful 10. withUnit5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero单元练习. 单句语法填空1_Having_devoted_ (devote) almost all our time to our schoolwork in the past three months, we have almost no time for fun and play.解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语是we, 状语表示过去的时间in the past three mont

19、hs，因此用现在分词完成式。2The wetland park is _equally_(equal) attractive in spring and autumn, for the weather is pleasant in both seasons.解析：考查副词。句意：湿地公园春秋两季同样迷人，这两个季节的气候都很好。由句意可知，填equally，意为“同等地”。3An increasing number of products made in China are _of_ good quality but much less expensive than those from ab

20、road.解析：考查介词。句意：越来越多的国产货质量很好，价格比进口的便宜很多。be of good quality“质量好的”。4During the past few years, the time and money he has devoted to _planting_(plant) trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.解析：考查短语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，他投入了很多时间和金钱在偏远山区植树，现在被认为很有意义。devote .to.“把投入到”中to是介词。5In the great

21、 fire, he was fortunate to escape _being_killed_(kill)解析：考查escape的用法。句意：在大火中，他很幸运地逃脱了死亡。escape doing sth.“逃脱做某事”。6It's important to learn to take a positive attitude _to/toward(s)_ life when you are _in_ trouble.解析：句意：当你处于困境时，学会对生活保持乐观的态度是很重要的。名词attitude后用介词to或towards；in trouble“处于困境中”。7In time

22、we reached a stage _where_ we had more young readers than old ones.解析：考查stage后定语从句的关系词。句意：最终我们到了一个新读者比老读者多的阶段。在定语从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。8Because of too much homework, gone are the days _when_ we can play day and night.解析：考查定语从句。句意：由于太多的作业，天天玩的日子一去不复返了。定语从句中缺少时间状语。9For all these years I have been working

23、for others.I'm hoping I'll set _up_ my own business someday.解析：句意：这些年来我一直为别人工作。我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。set up“设立；创立”。10_Only_ when his wife put photos of her injuries on the web did he apologize.解析：助动词提到了主语之前，所以填only。句意：直到他的妻子将受伤的照片放在网上时，他才(向妻子)道歉。11There's no reason to be disappointed.As _a_ ma

24、tter of fact, this could be rather amusing.解析：句意：你没有理由失望。事实上，这可能会非常有趣。as a matter of factin fact事实上，实际上。12Only when you can find peace in your heart _will_ you _keep_(keep) good relationships with others.解析：本题考查部分倒装结构。句意：唯有找到内心的宁静，方能维持人际关系的和谐。“only副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装语序。本题中，时间状语从句when you

25、 can find peace in your heart被only修饰，且置于句首，故主句用部分倒装结构。注意：如果only修饰的不是状语而是主语，则不能用倒装。如：Only he was invited.只有他受到了邀请。13Students should involve themselves in community activities _where_ they can gain experience for growth.解析：本题考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意：学生们应该积极参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。分析句子结构可知，本句的先行词是community act

26、ivities，将其移到后面的定语从句中为：they can gain experience for growth in community activities由此可知关系词代替先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。14The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _where_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.解析：本题考查定语从句。句意： 博物馆将在春天开放，到时有展览和游客们可以在观光台上观看

27、正在建设中的玻璃房子。分析结构可知，此处 the viewing platform为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少地点状语，要用where引导。15Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be_equally_(equal) respected.解析：句意：任何一个人，不管是政府官员还是汽车司机都应该同样受到尊敬。equally“相等地，同等地”。. 完成句子1After he _came to power_(上台执政)，President Obama carried out _a great number of_(许多)

28、 new policies on economy.2In 1952, Nelson Mandela _set_up_a_law_office_(成立一间法律办公室) to _offer_guidance_(提供指导) to help poor black people to defend themselves.3I would like to sincerely express my thanks to _those_who_help_me_in_trouble_ (那些在困难中帮助我的人)4Having got the support from her family, Mary _devot

29、ed_herself_to_(全身心投入到) her career.5只有当你对未来充满信心时，你才会竭尽全力去克服你所面临的困难。(only状语从句)_Only_when_you_are_confident_of_your_future_will_you_ try your best to overcome the difficulty you face.6我第一次见到他，就不得不为他的敬业精神所震撼。_The_first_time_I_saw_him_， I was shocked with his _devotion_to_his_career_.7以我之见，即使你失业也不要灰心。_In

30、_my_opinion_， never_lose_heart_ even if you are _out_of_work_.8他不仅为人大方，乐于助人，还积极参加许多课外活动。(部分倒装句)Not only is he generous and willing to help others ， but he also takes an active part in after-class activities.9如果你陷入困境，请随时向我求助。If _you_are_in_trouble_， please _turn_to_me_for_help_ at any time.10事实上，是你的勤

31、奋在你的英语学习中起到了关键的作用。(强调句)_As a matter of fact ， it is your diligence that plays an important role in your English study. 单句改错1After he heard the bad news, his face took on a worrying expression._worryingworried_2Several hours later, with the help of the police, the students managed to escape the dange

32、rous place, hungry and frightened._escaped后加上from_3The man was sentenced 10 years' imprisonment for robbing the bank._sentenced后加上to_4He led the workers in fighting the war._fighting后加上against_5As the matter of fact, social customs vary in different parts of the world._the改为a_6That football team

33、 had won no games and it lost its heart._去掉its_7Don't be worried，because there is nothing to worry._worry后加上about_8Madame Curie, devoting to science, was a great woman._devotingdevoted_9There are many cards for you to choose._choose后加上from_10It worried the public was that Phelps should take drug

34、s._ItWhat_. 语篇填空My name is Elias.I am _a_ poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to _whom_ I went for advice.He offered _guidance_(guide) to poor black pe

35、ople on their legal problems.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help _because_ I had very little education.I began school at six.The school _where_ I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the

36、school fees _and_ the bus fare.I could not read or write well._After_ trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook _to_live_(live) in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have _one_ because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I _would_bec

37、ome_(become) out of work. 教材原句1The time _when_ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.解析：考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，故用关系副词；先行词为time，故填when。2We first broke the law in a way _which/that_ was peaceful.解析：考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词a way指物，故填关系代词which或that。3It was very dangerous because _if_ I

38、 was caught I could be put _in_ prison.解析：第一空考查连词，表条件，故填if；第二空考查固定短语，“put.in prison”。4As _a_ matter of fact, I don't like violence.but in 1963 I helped him blow _up_ some government buildings.解析：考查固定短语，as a matter of fact意为“事实上”；blow up意为“爆炸；炸毁”。5We were put into a position _where_ we had either to accept we were less important, _or_ fight the government.解析：第一空考查定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词position表地点，故填关系副词where；第二空为“either.or.”“要么，要么”。6He was generous _with_ his time, _for_ which I was grateful.解析：第一空考查be generous with意为“在慷慨”；第二空“be grateful for”“因而感激”。7We read books under our blankets