高中政治 第1课 生活在人民当家作主的国家 第2框 政治权利与义务参与政治生活的基础课件 新人教版必修2 (2022)

1、Unit 23 Conflict典句欣赏理解诱思【文章导语】 在这个世界上,没有一个父母是不爱自己的孩子的,但是父母和孩子之间也经常会因为很多问题而发生冲突For many parents,raising a teenager is like fighting a long war,but years go by without any clear winner.Like a border conflict between neighbouring countries,the parent-teen war is about boundaries:Where is the line betwe

2、en what I control and what you do?典句欣赏理解诱思Both sides want peace,but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict.In part,this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it.From the parents point of view,the only cause of their fight is their adolescents complete un

3、reasonableness.And of course,the teens see it in exactly the same way,except oppositely.Both feel trapped.In this article,Ill describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimport

4、ant things.典句欣赏理解诱思Examples include the color of the teens hair,the cleanliness of the bedroom,the preferred style of clothing,the childs failure to eat a good breakfast before school,or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends.Second,blaming.The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other

5、 admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong.Third,needing to be right.It doesnt matter what the topic ispolitics,the laws of physics,or the proper way to break an eggthe point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong,for both wish to be

6、 considered an authoritysomeone who actually knows somethingand therefore to command respect.Unfortunately,as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other,theyll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.典句欣赏理解诱思译文对于很多父母来说,抚养一个青少年就像是一

7、场长期的战争,但是数年过去了,没有明显的赢家。就像是相邻国家的边界冲突,父母和孩子之间的战争就是关于边界的问题:在我控制的东西和你做的事情之间的界限是哪里?双方都想要和平,但是双方都感觉没有力量来终止这场冲突。一部分原因是,双方都不愿意承认是自己引起的冲突。从父母的角度,他们战争的唯一原因是孩子完全的不可理喻。当然,青少年也这样认为,不过和父母的观点正好相反。双方都感觉被困住了。典句欣赏理解诱思在本文中,我要描述三个常常出现在父母和孩子之间的没有赢家的情况,然后建议一些方法走出这个困境。第一种没有赢家的情况是为了不重要的事情而争吵。例子包括孩子头发的颜色、卧室的整洁、更喜欢的衣服款式、孩子上学

8、前没有吃早餐或者周末孩子睡到中午的睡眠模式等。第二,是责备。一场责备的战争的目标就是使得另一方承认他糟糕的态度是一切事情乱套的根源。第三,需要正确。战争的主题是什么并没有关系政治,物理的定律或者打鸡蛋的正确方法争吵的目的就是证明你是正确的,对方是错误的,因为双方都希望被认为是权威也就是实际上懂得事情的人因此要求尊重。不幸的是,只要父母和孩子继续认为他们比对方懂得更多,他们会永远继续这些战争,从来不会有真正的进步。典句欣赏理解诱思The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the

9、 reason why everything goes wrong.一场责备的战争的目标就是使得另一方承认他糟糕的态度是一切事情乱套的根源。典句欣赏理解诱思1.Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?A.Because both can continue for generations.B.Because neither can be put to an end.C.Because neither has any clear winner.D.Because both are about wher

10、e to draw the line.2.What will you do to get on well with your parents?Why?答案:D 答案:略 Section Warm-up & Lesson 1Living in a Community一二三四五六一、词义匹配AB()1.betraya.an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the en

11、d()2.frictionb.an unreasonable dislike of a person,group,custom,etc.()3.holyc.a woman whose husband has died()4.widowd.disagreement or a lack of friendship among people who have different opinions about sth.()promise e.to give information about sb./sth.to an enemy()6.prejudicef.connected with God or

12、 a particular religion答案:1.e2.d3.f4.c5.a6.b一二三四五六二、猜词拼写1. a set of instructions that tells you how to cook sth.and the items of food you need for it 2. the fair treatment of people 3. to show sth.that is usually hidden 4. to arrange sth.in groups according to features that they have in common 5. two

13、 weeks 6. a wise,experienced and respected political leader recipe justice exposeclassify fortnight statesman 一二三四五六三、词汇拓展1.immigration v.移民 2.racial n.种族 3.furnished n.家具 4.adolescent n.青少年时期 5.departure v.离开 6.memorial v.记住 immigrate race furniture adolescence depart memorize 一二三四五六四、完成句子1.门开了,冲出了

14、一个高个子男孩。The door opened and out . 2.出席会议的是一些来自附近村子的老人。Present at the meeting . 3.只有用这种方法你才能使梦想成真。Only in this way . 4.是在北京他遇到了这位著名的科学家。It was in Beijing . rushed a tall boy were some old people from the villages nearby can you make your dream come true that he met the famous scientist 5.天那么热,很多人都无法入

15、睡。So hot . was it that many people couldnt go to sleep 一二三四五六五、阅读课文“Living in a Community”,回答下列问题1.Whats the meaning of the title“Drummer hits the road”?A.The drummer has nothing to hit but the road.B.The drummer has to leave.C.The drummer hits another car on the road.D.The drummer falls down on the

16、 road from the sky.2.Why did Yang Ming have to leave his apartment?A.Because his neighbours thought Yang Ming was disturbing them.B.Because Yang Ming held parties every night and this made his neighbours all mad.C.Because Yang Ming was an alcoholic.D.Because there was no furniture in his apartment.B

17、 A 一二三四五六3.Whats the main reason why Yang Ming really minded leaving his apartment?A.He had to live in a hotel.B.It was expensive for him to live in a hotel.C.The local council took action on the side of his neighbours.D.His neighbours called him an alcoholic and his music noise.D 一二三四五六4.Which of t

18、he following is TRUE according to the second newspaper report?A.James McKay was such a bad-tempered man that he hit Keith Smith over the head.B.James McKay hit Keith Smith over the head because Keith Smith happened to drop some water on the McKays.C.Keith Smith always cleaned his fish tanks when the

19、 McKays were reading newspapers.D.James McKay moved fast upstairs on his birthday and hit Keith Smith because he was extremely angry.D 一二三四五六5.Why did some people sing him “Happy Birthday”as James McKay left the police station?A.Because they wanted to laugh at him.B.Because Keith Smith was not going

20、 to take things further.C.Because they thought it was right for him to do that.D.Because that birthday was the best one since his adolescence.C 一二三四五六六、完成下面的课文缩写,特别注意动词的形式Its natural that some people sometimes come into conflict 1. their neighbors.Here are two examples.Yang Ming,2. is a drummer for

21、the rock band “Storm”,has to pack his bags and leave his 3.(furnish) apartment.He held parties every night and his neighbours said they were being driven mad being 4.(expose) to such noise.One neighbour said that Yang Ming was an alcoholic,which had a bad influence on his son.Yang Ming hates 5.(call

22、) an alcoholic,but it is the fact that people 6.(classify) his music as “noise” that upsets him most.Later,the local council took action to deal with the neighbours complaints.with who furnished exposed being called have classified 一二三四五六Smith is a gardener and a fish collector and he lives above th

23、e Mckays.7. (fortunate) for Smith,the water he 8.(send) over his balcony ended up on the Mckays every day.One evening,the Mckays 9. (celebrate) James birthday when the dirty water came from above and the Mckays were all wet.James was so angry that he went upstairs to hit Smith over the head.Laurene

24、rarely had seen McKay move so fast and she said that McKay was up there in 10. flash. Unfortunately sent were celebrating a 123456789101.He is betrayed by a family member.(Page 134,听力材料)他被一个家庭成员背叛了。考点betray vt.出卖;背叛That man is likely to betray his friends to others.那个人可能会向其他人出卖朋友。He would suffer dea

25、th rather than betray the secret.他是宁死也不肯泄露机密。12345678910考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性和意义Generally speaking,most people look down upon the betrayers.词性 名词意义 叛徒;背叛者She was really angry at his betrayal.词性 名词意义 背叛阅读下面句子,指出黑体词组的意义She was saying something that would betray herself.意义 出卖她自己12345678910betrayer n.叛徒

26、;背叛者betrayal n.背叛betray oneself出卖自己12345678910123456789102.when the owner wouldnt hand over his “secret recipe”.(Page 134,听力材料)当主人未交出其“秘密处方”时考点hand over 把交给;移交(权力、责任等)The old man will hand over the company to his son.这位老人要把公司交给儿子管理。He made a promise to hand over the money to that girl.他承诺会把钱给那个女孩。12

27、345678910考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的意义When will our teacher hand back our exam papers?意义 交回;归还Hand in your workbooks,please.意义 上交They helped strangers hand out the umbrellas.意义 分发Please hand on the document to others.意义 传递These skills used to be handed down from father to son.意义 传给后代12345678910hand back交回;归

28、还hand in上交hand out分发hand on传递hand down传给后代12345678910123456789103.Government minister announces compromise on new TV violence laws.(Page 19)政府部长宣布在新的电视暴力法上做出让步。考点compromise n. 妥协;让步Everyone has to be prepared to make a compromise.每个人都要准备做出让步。考点延伸 阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性和意义We are not prepared to compromise o

29、n the price of the house.词性 动词意义 妥协阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的意义They managed to reach a compromise on the price of the car.意义 就某事达成妥协12345678910It is wise of you to compromise with your boss.意义 向某人妥协make a compromise达成妥协reach a compromise on sth.就某事达成妥协compromise with sb.向某人妥协12345678910123456789104.Hes bid his

30、furnished apartment goodbye after complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep.(Page 20)在他的邻居抱怨失眠以后,他告别了装修好的住房。考点furnished adj.配有家具的The girl rented a furnished flat.这个女孩租了一套配有家具的单元房。The room was furnished in warm reds and browns.这个房间是用暖色调的红色和棕色装饰的。12345678910考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性和意义及与其相关的词组和意义T

31、he room was furnished with fresh flowers.词性 动词意义 装饰词组 be furnished with.意义 用装饰 He bought a piece of furniture for his son.词性 名词意义 家具词组 a piece of furniture意义 一件家具 阅读下面句子,指出黑体词组的意义The market offered the young man a set of furniture.意义 一套家具12345678910be furnished with.用装饰furniture n.家具a piece of furni

32、ture一件家具a set of furniture一套家具12345678910123456789105.Yang Mings neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.(Page 20)杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中他们都快要被逼疯了。考点expose vt. 显露;使置身于危险中;暴露;揭露The girl smiled,exposing her white teeth.这个女孩笑了,露出了洁白的牙齿。My job as a journalist is to expose the truth

33、.我作为记者的工作就是揭露真相。12345678910考点延伸 阅读下面句子,指出黑体词组的意义It is necessary to expose the students to art and music.词组 expose.to.意义 使暴露于阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性和意义The exposure to hot sun has harmed your skin.词性 名词意义 暴露expose.to.使暴露于be exposed to.被暴露于exposure n.暴露12345678910(3) to sunlight for too much time will do harm

34、to ones skin. 答案:(1)are exposed to;Exposed to(2)exposed(3)Being exposed561234789106.No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.(Page 20)他们刚一搬进去,噪声就开始了,而且他们几乎没有睡过一个整夜觉。考点本句中的no sooner.than.,意为“ 一就”。no sooner等否定副词或词组位于句首时,主句采用部分倒装语序。在这个主从复合句中,主句动作先于从句动

35、作发生,用过去完成时,从句动作用一般过去时。hardly.when.和no sooner.than.用法相同。No sooner had she arrived home than her mother asked her to do some cleaning.她一回到家,妈妈就让她打扫卫生。Hardly had I passed the exam when I gave my mother a call.我一通过考试,就给妈妈打了电话。56123478910表示“一就”的相关短语或连词还有:as soon as;the moment/minute/instant;immediately/d

36、irectly/instantly;upon/on doing.5612347891056123478910(7)Hardly had he reseated himself the door opened. (8)No sooner had he got home he was taken away by the police. 单句改错(9)No sooner had I closed my eyes when the telephone rang.(10)I will tell him the news the moment I will see him.答案:(1)as soon as

37、(2)On/Upon hearing(3)Hardly;when(4)recognized(5)will go(6)stepping(7)when(8)than(9)whenthan(10)去掉see前的will675123489107.Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic,but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.(Page 20)杨明讨厌被人叫做酒鬼,还有就是人们将他的音乐归类为“噪音”这一事实让他最难过。考点

38、classify vt.分类,归类You should classify all the new words.你应该把所有的生词分类。People are classifying the books according to the subjects.人们正在按照科目把图书进行分类。67512348910考点延伸 阅读下面句子,指出黑体词组的意义Patients are classified into three categories.意义 把分成阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性和意义She glanced down the classified advertisements.词性 形容词意义

39、分类的It is helpful to begin with a rough and ready classification.词性 名词意义 归类67512348910classify.according to.按照来划分be classified into分类为;归类classified adj.分类的classification n.分类;种类67512348910(3)The farmers are classifying the apples by size and colour before putting them into the boxes.(4)图书馆工作人员花许多时间将书

40、分类。答案:(1)分类广告(2)侦探小说不能被归为严肃文学。(3)在把苹果放入盒子之前,农民正根据大小和色泽对它们进行分类。(4)Librarians spend a lot of time classifying books.786512349108.McKays wife,Laurene told us that while McKay is usually a peaceful person,he had been driven to this act of violence by getting wet just once too often.(Page 20)麦凯的妻子劳伦娜告诉我们

41、,麦凯通常是一个很平和的人,他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。考点本句中的while用作连词,意为:虽然,尽管;引导让步状语从句。【高考典句】 (2016江苏高考)While some people are motivated by a need for success,others are motivated by a fear of failure.虽然一些人被成功的渴望驱使着,但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。78651234910【高考典句】(2017全国高考)While high school does not generally encourage students

42、to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.虽然高中一般不鼓励学生探索人生的新领域,但是大学为那种探索创造了条件。78651234910考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出while的意义【高考典句】(2016天津高考)Two years ago,while Cathy was watching the Olympics,a dream came into her sweet little headto be a swimmer.意义 当时候【高考典句】(2016上海高考)She told me

43、that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets.意义 而while用作连词,可以译为:当时候;而。 78651234910786512349107865123491078651234910897651234109.Wed be sitting there happily reading our newspapers,when suddenly so much water would come from above that wed be as we

44、t as if wed showered with our clothes on!(Page 20)我们本来坐在那里开心地看报纸,突然间很多水从天而降,我们就好像是穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透!考点句中的be doing.when.表示“正在做这时”,此句型中的when用作并列连词,意为:这时;相当于and at this time。She was walking in the street when it began to rain.她在街上走着,这时天开始下雨。We were discussing the problem when a man rushed in.我们正在讨论这个问题,这时闯进

45、来一个人。89765123410考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体部分的结构和意义He was about to go out when his phone rang.结构 be about to do.when.意义 正要做这时 He had arrived home when his wife began to argue with him.结构 had done.when.意义 刚做这时 when用作并列连词,表示“这时”时,常用于下列句型:be doing sth.when.正在做某事时,这时be about to do.when.正要做这时had done.when.刚做这时89765

46、1234109108765123410.Grammar一、倒装句(一)定义在英语中,我们把主语在前谓语动词在后的句子叫陈述句,把谓语动词放在主语前面的句子叫倒装句。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫完全倒装;如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。91087651234(二)分类.完全倒装1.用于 there be 句型。There are some students in the classroom.教室里有几位学生。2.用于“ here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以 in,out,up,down,away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。Here c

47、omes the bus.汽车来了。Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。Out went the children.孩子们出去了。91087651234温馨提示(1)主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装。(2)here,there 放在句首通常用一般现在时。Here it is.给你。(你要的东西在这儿。)Here he comes.他来了。3.当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,也常将其全部倒装。South of the city lies a big steel factory.城市南边有一家大型钢厂。From the valley came a frightening soun

48、d.从山谷里传来了可怕的声音。910876512344.表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”:(1)形容词+连系动词+主语Present at the meeting were Mr.Li,Mr.Wang and many other teachers.出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师。(2)过去分词+连系动词+主语Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。(3)介词短语+连系动词+主语Among the goods are books,exercise-books,pens and some o

49、ther things.在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西。91087651234.部分倒装1.only+状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。Only in this way can you solve this problem.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。2.not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in no way

50、,never,seldom,not only,no sooner.than.和not until 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.我刚到家就下起了雨。Seldom do I go to work by bus.我很少乘公共汽车上班。910876512343.so/such.that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装,强调so/such和that之间的部分。So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.他的要价太

51、离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。4.省略if的虚拟条件句中。Had I seen him yesterday I wouldnt go to his house now.如果我昨天见到他了,我现在就不去他家了。910876512345.“形容词(或名词、动词)+as”引导的让步状语从句中。Young as he is,he knows a lot.他虽然很年轻,但知道很多。Try as he would,he might fail again.他虽然可以试试,可能还会失败。温馨提示如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前无形容词时,不用冠词;若有形容词要用冠词。Child as he was,he had t

52、o make a living.他虽是个孩子,但得糊口。A bad-tempered man as Mr.Chen is,he loves us deeply.虽然陈老师脾气不好,但他深深地爱着我们。91087651234二、强调结构强调句型的基本结构:强调句型“It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用,不做成分,但不能省略,当被强调部分为人时可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时,that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称和数保持一致。It is Tom who is going with me

53、.将要和我同行的是汤姆。It was on Monday night that all this happened.就是在周一晚上所有这一切发生了。It is American movies that he likes to watch.他喜欢看的是美国电影。91087651234联想拓展(1)强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前,而特殊疑问句只有疑问词可以被强调,结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?Why is it that sm

54、oking is not allowed here?为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?(2)在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时,要用that而不用when,where,why或how。原因状语从句只有由because引导的可被强调。It was in 1988 that he joined the League.他是在1988年入的团。It was because I could speak English that I got the job.是因为我会说英语我才得到了这份工作。91087651234(3)对not.until结构中由until引导的短语或从句进行强调时,需用It is/was not

55、 until.that.这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是位著名的影星。(4)反意疑问句必须和主句一致。It was at ten last night that you knew the news,wasnt it?你是在昨晚十点得知这个消息的,不是吗?(5)判断是否是强调句,可采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后,句子各种成分完整,则是强调句,否则不是。91087651234910876512349108765123491087651234一二三四一、写作词汇检测用所学的单词或短语完成或翻译下列句子。1.把交给