必修五第二单元Useful words and expressions

1、Unit 2The United KingdomUseful words and expressionsMatch the following useful words according to their English meaning.consist ofaccomplishdivideintoclarifybreak away (from)to succeed in doing sth.separate intobe made up ofescape from someonecause sth. to become clear or easier to understandto make

2、 someone like or admire enjoyableconvenienceattractcollectionleave out the quality of being useful and convenientfail to include a person or thinga group of objects that have been collectedproviding pleasure or happiness Useful phrases consist of divide into be linked to refer to as well be joined t

3、o1. break away由由组成组成把把分成分成连接连接, 联系联系提到；讲起提到；讲起也也与与相连相连脱离；挣脱（束缚）脱离；挣脱（束缚）8. to ones credit9. for convenience10. be known as11. settle in12. look around13. leave out值得赞扬；为值得赞扬；为带来荣带来荣誉誉为了方便为了方便, 为了实用为了实用被称作被称作 , 以以 著称著称安顿安顿, 适应适应环视；到处看环视；到处看省去省去, 不考虑不考虑, 遗漏遗漏Language points1. How many countries does t

4、he UK consist of? consist vi. 在于在于, 存在于存在于; 组成组成, 构成构成 习惯搭配：习惯搭配： 1) consist of 由由组成组成, 由由构成构成, 包括包括 (注意注意: 不能用于被动语态和进行时态不能用于被动语态和进行时态) 相当于相当于 be made up of This club consists of more than 200 members. A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 2) consist in 在于在于, 存在于存在于 The bea

5、uty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.3) consist with 与与一致一致, 符合符合 The report does not consist with the fact. 2. England can be divided into three main areas. divide v. 分分, 划分；分裂划分；分裂 The teacher divided our class into four groups. The children divided up the candy among themselves. W

6、e shall not let such a small matter divide us. divide的常用搭配的常用搭配: divide into 把把 分成分成 divide sth. among / between 在在 中分配中分配 divide A from B 使分离使分离; 使分开使分开 divide by 用用除以除以divide, separate都有都有“分开分开”之意之意 divide指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分，指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分， 暗示分配之意；也可指分开两个对立的暗示分配之意；也可指分开两个对立的 事物。事物。separate指把两个人或物分开，着

7、重从原属指把两个人或物分开，着重从原属 一个整体中移居一部分或把两者隔开。一个整体中移居一部分或把两者隔开。知识拓展知识拓展The world is divided into five continents.Lets divide the cake into three.He separated the big eggs from the small ones.The two communities are separated by a highway. 1). The apple was _ into two.2). We _the money equally.3). Oxygen can

8、be _ from water.4). The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.divideddividedseparatedseparates小试身手小试身手3. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Island. 句中句中why引导宾语从句引导宾语从句, 作介词作介词about的宾语。的宾语。Mary wrot

9、e an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. (2005 全国全国I) A. why B. what C. who D. that 解析：答案是解析：答案是A。why引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，作介词作介词on的宾语。句意的宾语。句意“玛丽在写一篇玛丽在写一篇关于这个队为什么没有赢得比赛的报关于这个队为什么没有赢得比赛的报告告”。小试身手小试身手1) There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事没有必要做某事 There is no need (for you) to come if you dont w

10、ant to. Is there any need to explain any further？ 类似句型有：类似句型有：Theres no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事没有时间做某事There was / is no doubt . 毫无疑问毫无疑问.2) debate v. & n. 辩论辩论, 讨论讨论 What are they debating (about)? She debated whether to accept his invitation. After a long debate, the House of Commons approved the b

11、ill.debate 短语：短语： debate about / on / upon sth. 争论某事争论某事 debate with oneself 心中盘算心中盘算 under debate 在辩论中在辩论中 beyond debate 无疑义无疑义; 无可争辩无可争辩 open a debate 开始辩论开始辩论知识拓展知识拓展argue, quarrel, debate, discuss, reason这些动这些动词均含词均含“辩论，争论，说理辩论，争论，说理”之意。之意。argue指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的 看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和

12、企图看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图 说服。说服。quarrel指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好 的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指“吵吵 嘴、吵架嘴、吵架”。知识拓展知识拓展debate侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式 或公开的争辩。或公开的争辩。discuss最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表 明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解 决问题。决问题。reason指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问 题作更深入的研究。题作更深入

13、的研究。 4. You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history. clarify vt. 澄清澄清, 讲清楚讲清楚; 阐明阐明 vi.得到澄清得到澄清; 变得明晰变得明晰I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.His mind suddenly clarified. clarify matters 澄清真相澄清真相clarify ones stand 阐明自己的立场阐明自己的立场clarification n. 澄清澄清clarity n. 清澈；透明清

14、澈；透明知识拓展知识拓展5. Happily this was accomplished without conflict accomplish vt. 完成；实现完成；实现They didnt accomplish the purpose desired. They have accomplished their task successfully. The journey was accomplished in five weeks. The best way to _ the goal is to do it at once. A. complete B. make C. accompl

15、ish D. realize小试身手小试身手Ccomplete, finish, end, conclude, accomplish这些动词均含这些动词均含“结束，完成结束，完成”之意。之意。complete: 侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事 完善，补足缺少的部分等。完善，补足缺少的部分等。finish: 在多数情况下与在多数情况下与complete换用，但不换用，但不 及及complete正式，指完成应做的事，强调正式，指完成应做的事，强调 事情的了结、终止。事情的了结、终止。知识拓展知识拓展end: 最普通用词，着重事情的完成。也指某最普通用词，着重事情的完成。也

16、指某 种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种 原因而突然中止。原因而突然中止。conclude: 正式用词，多指以某事或活动达到正式用词，多指以某事或活动达到 预期目的而告终。预期目的而告终。accomplish: 正式用词，强调一个过程的完正式用词，强调一个过程的完 成；也可指依靠努力达到一定目的，或取成；也可指依靠努力达到一定目的，或取 得一定的结果。得一定的结果。conflict n. 冲突，矛盾，斗争，战斗冲突，矛盾，斗争，战斗 vi. 冲突，争执冲突，争执 Armed conflict is likely to break out between t

17、he two countries. The hours of the two meetings conflict. If so, your points of view will conflict with his. conflict with 抵触抵触,与与 . 冲突冲突 in conflict with 和和 . 有矛盾有矛盾,不一致不一致6. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the Southern part of that country brok

18、e away to form its own government. get Ireland connected 是是get sth. done的结构，的结构，意思是意思是“使某物使某物/事被做事被做”，sth.与与 done 存存在逻辑上的动宾关系。在逻辑上的动宾关系。 get sb. to do 使某人做某事使某人做某事Our teacher got us to finish our homework in class. get sb. done“使某人被使某人被/处于处于的状态的状态”, sb. 与与done存在逻辑上的动宾关系。存在逻辑上的动宾关系。The mother gets he

19、r baby hanged on her back.The police got him defined in the room. have sb. do sth:让让 / 叫叫 / 使某人做某事使某人做某事have sth. done:无意识的被动行为或有意识的无意识的被动行为或有意识的 让别人替自己做事让别人替自己做事 have sb. / sth. doing sth: 使使 一直一直 The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day. The patient is going to have his temperature taken. I

20、ll have the bike repaired tomorrow. You cant have him waiting in the rain.break away 挣脱挣脱, 逃脱逃脱The prisoner broke away from his guards.Can you break away from old habits?What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position?break away from 脱离，逃说，与脱离，逃说，与断绝来断绝来往往 / 改变某种习惯改变某种习惯We tried t

21、o break away from him.Hes broken away from his family.Cant you break away from old habits?break的习惯搭配的习惯搭配: break down 抛锚抛锚, 出故障出故障, 身体跨了身体跨了 break into 闯入闯入, 突然发出突然发出 break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾战争、瘟疫、火灾) 爆发爆发 break off 中断中断 break in 打断打断 break the rules 违反规则违反规则 break a record 打破记录打破记录6. To their credit the

22、 four countries do work together in some areas ( eg. the currency and international relations), . credit n. 信任；赞扬；信贷信任；赞扬；信贷 The credit for this invention goes to Mr. Lodge and his collaborators. did not give credit to her story. He bought the furniture on credit. to ones credit 值得赞扬值得赞扬 It is great

23、ly to your credit that you gave back the money you found.7. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. convenience n. 方便方便, 便利；便利的事便利；便利的事 I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. Its a great convenience to live in town.con

24、venient adj. 适合需要的适合需要的,方便的方便的习惯搭配习惯搭配: at ones convenience 在方便的时候在方便的时候 for (the sake of) convenience 为了方便起见为了方便起见 make a convenience of sb. 利用某人利用某人 8. Which country is left out?leave out 省去，不考虑，遗漏省去，不考虑，遗漏 They must decide what to leave out. She left out the date on the cheque. leave的常用搭配的常用搭配: l

25、eave for 出发去出发去 leave behind 留下，遗留留下，遗留 leave . alone 不管，不理，听其自然不管，不理，听其自然 leave to 留某事给留某事给 . 处理，委托处理，委托 9. All of the words below can take the place of said, take the place of 代替，取代代替，取代 Nowadays plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials. take ones place入座、就位，坐某人的座位，入座、就位，坐某人的座位

26、，代替某人代替某人Take your place, please. We are about to start.Mr. Green is ill. Who will take his place to give us lessons?take place 发生，举行发生，举行The ceremony should take place on Thursday. 一、根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的正确一、根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的正确形式填空。形式填空。 1. The c_ between the employers and the workers has finally been settle

27、d.2. We have a_ a great deal of the project in the last few months.3. What a_ me most to the house was its beautiful garden. conflict accomplishedattracted 4. The flower show _ (吸引吸引) large crowds this year.5. The hotel has a restaurant for the guests _ (方便方便) .6. The report aimed to _ (阐明阐明) how th

28、ese conclusions were reached.attractedconvenience clarify 二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空(每个短语每个短语 限用一次限用一次)。 consist of, divide into, break out, refer to, pick up, break away, to ones credit, leave out 1. This word has been spelt incorrectly, and youve _ a letter.2. The Lugouqiao Incident _in 19373.

29、 Our class is like a big family, _ forty-five students.4. The boy _ the hat for the old man. left out broke out consisting ofpicked up5. While he was making the speech, he always _ his notes.6. _, Mary told others what had happened that morning.7. The southern part of Ireland _ from the English government in 192