英语高二人教版选修6Unit1语法虚拟语气

1、Grammarthe Subjunctive Mood虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday .If I were you , I would study hard . indicative mood陈述语气陈述语气imperative mood祈使语气祈使语气subjunctive mood虚拟语气虚拟语气Can you translate the sentences into English?用来表示说的话用来表示说的话不是事实，不是事实，或者是或者是不可能发生或可不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况

2、能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。的语气叫虚拟语气。subjunctive moodDefinitionDefinition如果上天能够给我一个如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，上一个期限，我希望是我希望是- -一万年一万年! ! 待我长发及腰，待我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？少年娶我可好？如果此时我长发及腰，如果此时我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？少年娶我可好？如果那时我长发及腰，如果那时我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？

3、少年娶我可好？ 1)If I _ as tall as Yao Ming, I _ become a famous basketball player.were1. 1.与现在事实相反虚拟：与现在事实相反虚拟：wouldif if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句2) If I _ a lot of money, I _ buy a villa.hadwould与现在事实相反虚拟：与现在事实相反虚拟：3) If I were a bird, I would have two wings. If I had two wings, I could fly in the sky. If I spoke

4、 their language, I should make friends with other birds. If I flew too low, I might be shot by a hunter.If 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式现在现在did（were）would/could/should/might +do 与现在事实相反虚拟与现在事实相反虚拟如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给阳江三中如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给阳江三中建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人，一位学生提供免费的三餐。

5、如果我是超人，我会把钓鱼岛从日本手里抢回来。我会把钓鱼岛从日本手里抢回来。If I _ a millionaire, I _ build a library for Yangjiang Number 3 Middle School. If I _ enough money, I _ (supply) free food to the students. If I _ a superman, I _ seize Diao Yu Islands back from Japan.werewouldhadcould supplyweremight与现在事实相反虚拟与现在事实相反虚拟Group work

6、Group work2. 2.与过去事实相反虚拟与过去事实相反虚拟：1)If Jack_(be) on board the Titanic, he _(meet) Rose.2）If Jack and Rose both _ (die)in the accident, we _(know)this moving love story. hadnt been wouldnt have met had diedcouldnt have known4) If Titanic _ ( not hit) an iceberg, the unsinkable ship _ (not sink) into

7、the ocean.hadnt hitwouldnt have sunk与过去事实相反虚拟与过去事实相反虚拟：3) If Jack_ alive now, he _ (marry) Rose. If they_ _ (marry), they _ (live) a happy life in the future.weremight marry had married might have livedIf 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式过去过去had donewould/could/should/might +have done5) If he more caref

8、ully, he the car accident yesterday. 与过去事实相反虚拟：与过去事实相反虚拟：What would have happened if the farmer hadnt seen the snake? If the famer _(not see) the snake, he _ (not put) it under his coat; if he _ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake _ (not bite)him;if the snake_ (not bite)him,he _(not die).hadnt see

9、nwouldnt have puthadnt putshouldnt have bittenhadnt bittencouldnt have died.(与过去事实相反虚拟与过去事实相反虚拟Group work Group work If the God _(give) meanother chance，I_ (tell) the girl threewords, “ I love you.” If I _(have to) set a time limit to our love, It_ (be)10,000 years! should give/were to give/gave wou

10、ld tellhad to would be 如果上天能够给我一个再如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，一个期限，我希望是我希望是-一万年一万年! ! 3.3.与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：待我长发及腰，待我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？少年娶我可好？如果此时我长发及腰，如果此时我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？少年娶我可好？如果那时我长发及腰如果那时我长发及腰, ,少年娶我可好少年娶我可好？与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：1.Would you marr

11、y me if I _an adult? 2. Would you marry me if I _an adult? 3. Would you have married me if _an adult?were to be wereI had been If 从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式将来将来 1.did（were）would/could/should/might +do2.should+do3. were to do与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：If the students 3 days off next week, the students ve

12、ry happy.如果下星期同学们放三天假，同学们会很高兴。如果下星期同学们放三天假，同学们会很高兴。与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：Group work Group work 如果李颂有朝一日成为国王，我就是皇帝的老师，如果李颂有朝一日成为国王，我就是皇帝的老师，到那时我将作为国王的老师受到人们的尊敬。我将到那时我将作为国王的老师受到人们的尊敬。我将为他感到自豪。为他感到自豪。 If Li Song becomes king of our country in the future, I will become the kings master. By then I would be

13、 respected by people as kings master and I shall be proud of him.became/were to become/would(改正文章中出现的三处错误）改正文章中出现的三处错误）should 总结：总结：if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与与现在现在事实相事实相反的假反的假设设与与过去过去事实相事实相反的假反的假设设与与将来将来事实相事实相反的假反的假设设1、If+主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式2、If+主语主语+were to+ 动词原形动词原形3、If+主语主语+should +动词原形动词原形If+主语主语

14、+ 动词的过去式动词的过去式（be动词一般用动词一般用were)主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形动词原形即：即：If+一般过去时态一般过去时态（be动词一般用动词一般用were)If+主语主语+had +动词的过去分词动词的过去分词即：即：If+过去完成时态过去完成时态主语主语 + would ( should / might / could )have done主语主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形动词原形补充补充1 1含蓄型虚拟语气含蓄型虚拟语气1）用）用without, with, but fo

15、r .but that等介词所引起的介等介词所引起的介词短语来表示隐含条件词短语来表示隐含条件 Withoutwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld. Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.2）用连词）用连词or, otherwise, but, however等表示隐含条件等表示隐含条件 Shewouldhavecomehere,butshewastoobusywithherhomework. Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwise,hewouldhavecometotheparty.1）If

16、 you had followed the doctors advice then, you all right . 如果你那时听了医生的话如果你那时听了医生的话,你你就好了就好了.2) If he well for his lessons yesterday, he so many difficulties . 如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话,他现在就不会这么困他现在就不会这么困难难.主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表示的动作示的动作并不是同时发生并不是同时发生, ,这时动词的形式并不完全按这时动词的形式并不

17、完全按照上述表格形式进行照上述表格形式进行, ,而而需要按照各自的时间来调整需要按照各自的时间来调整, ,这这样的句子就叫错综时间条件句样的句子就叫错综时间条件句. .补充补充2.2.错综时间条件句错综时间条件句 从句中从句中if有有were ,had ,should等词语等词语,可以将可以将if省略省略,同同时时were ,had ,should提至句首提至句首,构成倒装构成倒装.表示虚拟条件表示虚拟条件 1) If I her, I her. = I her, I would tell her. 2) If I in your position, I it better. = I in y

18、our position, I would do it better. 3) If they preparations, they . = they made preparations, they would have succeeded补充三补充三:if:if虚拟条件句中的倒装虚拟条件句中的倒装1) If only I knew his name!2) If only we had followed your advice!3) If only I could see him again! (1)要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。(2)要是我没错过火

19、车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!补充补充4 4）If only If only (要是要是就好了就好了) ) 1) 本来应该做的事情而没有做本来应该做的事情而没有做 2) 本来不应该做的事情而做了本来不应该做的事情而做了 You should have come here earlier.I ought not to have eaten so much chicken.补充补充5 5情态动词的完成时情态动词的完成时. . electricity,

20、human life_ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be If there were no electricity,2). the Party, he _of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must die D. must have died If there hadnt been the Party, he.3). I was busy yesterday, I _ your birthday party

21、. A. Attended B. have attended C. Would attend D. would have attended If I hadnt been busy, I 1.Exercises1.Exercises 4). Without sunlight , or water or air , there_no life on the earth . A will have B would be C can be D must be 5). But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B would have arrive

22、d C arrive D arrived 6). If only I _ how to operate a computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew 7). I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 8)._the exa

23、m, he would have attend a college. A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass9). _five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive10) ._it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit

24、 to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. would D. will1). 1). 如果我是你，我会更加努力地学习。如果我是你，我会更加努力地学习。2). 2). 我昨天要是去看医生就好了。这样，我昨天要是去看医生就好了。这样，我现在应该感觉好多了。我现在应该感觉好多了。3).3).（如果）没有因特网，生活将会很枯燥。（如果）没有因特网，生活将会很枯燥。4). 4). 我明天如果有时间，我能帮你学我明天如果有时间，我能帮你学英语的英语的, ,但是我得参加一个重要会议。但是我得参加一个重要会议。 5). 5). 如果我上周见着了史密斯先生，我就如果我

25、上周见着了史密斯先生，我就会已经告诉他这件事了会已经告诉他这件事了。2.Translate the following sentences.2.Translate the following sentences.1.如果我是你，我会更加努力地学习如果我是你，我会更加努力地学习。 If I were you, I would study harder.2.我昨天要是去看医生就好了。我昨天要是去看医生就好了。 这样，我现在应该感觉好多了这样，我现在应该感觉好多了。 I wish I had gone to see the doctor yesterday. If so, I should feel better now. 3. （如果）（如果） 没有因特网，生活将会很枯燥。没有因特网，生活将会很枯燥。 Without Internet/ If there were no Internet, life would be very boring.4. 我明天如果有时间，我能帮你学英语的我明天如果有时间，我能帮你学英语的,但是我得参加一个重要会议。但是我得参加一个重要会议。 I could help you with your English if I had time, but I will have to attend an important meeting.5. 如果我上