小学英语四种基本句型肯定句否定句般疑问句与特殊疑问句

1、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义1 .肯定句：表示肯定的意思，即不含有否定词“不”。我是一个学生I am a student.他去上学 He goes to school.2 .否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一个男孩。I am not a boy他不去上学He does not go to school.3 . 一股疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。你是一个学生吗？ Are you a student?你喜欢英语吗？Do you like English?4 .特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问

2、内容具体回答 现在几点了？ What' s the time?哪一支笔是你的？Which is your pen?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换am, is, are 的旬，后定句变否定句：在am, is, are 后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。“肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄St定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1 .肯定句、

3、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句：This is a book.否定旬： This is not a book.一般疑问句：Is this a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is.否定回答：No, it isn ' t.2 .就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）This is a book.第一步：变一般疑问句Is this a book?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What is this?没有 am, is, are 的句子肯定句变否定句：在主语后面加上do not或者does not ,

4、其余按顺序照抄 动词用原形 肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写，其余照抄。注意：动词用原形肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1 .肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换非单三时用 do, 单三时用 does非单三肯定句：I like English.Y 一般疑问句：Do you like English?三否定句：I do not li*e English.单三肯定句：He likes English.J 一般

5、疑问句：Does he like English?L否定句：He does not like English.2 .就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）I like English.第一步：先变一般疑问句 Do. you like English?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分What do you like?常用特殊疑问词及词组:when什么时间（问时间）what date 什么日期 问具体日期who谁（问人）what place什么地点问具体地址whose谁的问主人how怎么样问情况wh

6、ere在哪里问地点how old多大问年龄which哪一个问选择how many 多少 问数量why为什么问原因how much多少 问价钱what什么问东西how about怎么样问意见what time什么时间问时间how far 多远问路程what colour 什么颜色问颜色how long 多长 问时间what about怎么样问意见How soon多快，多久问时间what day星期几问星期How often多久间频率.句子的种类类别用法标点例句陈述句叙述一件事情或说明说话人的看法.This is a bag.That's my book.I can see a bag o

7、ver there.I don't know.否定疑问句用于提出问题?Are you a student?Do you like puppets?Can you speak English?特殊用于提出问题?What's your name?Where's my bag? How many trees are there?选择用于提出问题?Is your friend a boy or a girl?反思用于提出问题?It's a fine day, isn't it?祈使句表小而守或请求、建议.或！Put it here!Look at the not

8、iceboard.感叹句表示惊讶赞美愤怒!How smart!Glad to see you!等强烈情感What a nice pencil case!特殊：l.some变为 anyThere are some birds in the tree. fThere aren't any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。Would you like some orange juice?与此相关的一些不定代词如 something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。2 .and 变为 orI have a knife and a

9、ruler.fI don't have a knife or a ruler.3 .a lot of （=lots of）变为 many 或 muchThey have a lot of friends.（可数名词） They don't have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）fThere isn't much orange in the bottle.4 .already 变为 yetI have been there already. f I haven't been t

10、here yet.熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。1、数词表示年龄：He is fifty-five. How old is he ?表示时间：It ' s fifty-five. What' s the time?表示加法：Six and two is eight.What' s six and two?表示价格： The shirt is thirty yuan.How much is the shirt?表示多少：I have three brothers.How many brothers do you have?2、姓名和人表示人名： My name i

11、s Gina . What ' s your name?表示人： The woman is Gina. Who is the woman ?3、长度和距离表示距离：It ' s Ive hundred metres away from here. How far is it from here?表示长度：It ' s five hundred metres. How long is it ?4、颜色，东西表示颜色： The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?表示物： They are white sheep. What

12、are they?表示颜色： They are white sheep. What color are these sheep?5、名词所有格和人表示名词所有格：She' s Lucy' s sister. Whose sister is she?表示人：She' s Lucy' s sister . Who is she?练一练1 （用特殊疑问词填空）:1、A: _is the boy in blue?B:He' s Mike.2、A:wallet is it?B:It ' s mine.3、A: _is the diary?B:It '

13、; s under the chair.4、A: _is the Chirstmas Day? B: It ' s on theh 25 December.5、A: _are the earphones?B:They are 25 yuan.6、A: _is the hairdryer?B:It ' s blue.7、A: _is it today?B:It ' s Sunday.8、A: _was it yesterday?B: It was the 13 th of October.9、A:this red one?B:It ' s beautiful.10

14、、A:is it from here?B:It ' s about two kilometreiway.11、A:Can I have some paper and some crayons?B:?A: I want to make a kite.12、A:one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、A:is your cousin? B: He ' s 15 years old.14、A:do you have dinner?B: At 6 o ' clock练一练2:1、 It 

15、9; s a bookc。般疑问句）2、 My father is in the study.（对划线部分提问）3、 Do you watch TV every Sunday?（做肯定回答）4、 This picture is very beautiful.（改为以 what 引导的感叹句）5、 Kick the ball to me!（改为否定句）6、 I have a big present.（对划线部分提问）7、 There are some orange trees on the farm.（改为单数句子 ） 练一练3:8、 is this? It ' s a rubber.2

16、 .rubbers are there in the pencilbox?3 .is your brother? He ' s nine.4.are they? They are cows.5. _are you? I ' m fine.6. _do you feel? We are happy.7._is your father? He is a dentist.8._does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.9._are the ducks? They are on the river.10.is his name? He

17、is Martin.11.new books have you got? Five.12.is the tree? It' s green.13.coats are these? Mary ' s.14.is on the desk? There is a glass.15.i s this book? It ' s very interesting.练一一练4 （对回线部分提问）：1 .They bought a new bike yesterday.2.She is a nurse .3.She is my teacher.4.He bought the red o

18、ne .5.It is my coat .6.I am looking for my sister .7.I get up at six .8.I am from Hubei .9.I went to school late because I got up late.10.It is windL11.I am getting on well with it.12.My bag is red_13. The book is Li Hua' s .14. I like math best.15. They are five yuan .16. I wash it twice a week

19、 .17. He will be back in four days .18. I didn ' t come to class yesterdaybecause I was ill .练一练5:选择题)19.- Excuse meis the nearest bookshop ?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. where D. who)20.is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How old B.

20、How many C. How much D. How often)21.are you going?I ' m going to the library.A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where)22.It ' s a nice car.have you been in it?-Just to Shanghai.A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far)23.? It's eight.A. What day is it B. What's five and threeC. How ol

21、d are you D. What's your telephone number)24.? I ' ve gota headache and a cough.'s wrong with itA. What' s your trouble B. WhatC. Can I help you D. How are you)25.tea did you have?Two cups.)26.A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Whichshall we meet in the park?What about half past

22、eight?A. What B. When C. Where D., Which()27.a year does your school have sports meetings?Twice a year.A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times ()28.?The one behind the tree.A. Whose girl B. Who ' s that girl C. Which girl D. Where' s the girl()29.are you going to be in the fut

23、ure?I want to be a person- Yang Liwei.A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as()30.will your father be back?.A How long B how often C How soon D How wide练一练6 (就划线部分提问)：31. He often has lunch in the factory .he oftenlunch ?32. They will come back in a month .will they come back ?33. He h

24、urt his leg last Sunday .he hurt his leg ?34. I got up at six this morning .you up this morning ?35. They were drawing a horse when I came in .they when I came in ?36. I didn't go to school because I had a bad cold .you go to school ?37. You'd better take the No . 3 bus.bus I better take ?38

25、. He's feeling well .he feeling ?39. The girl in a red coat is my sister .is your sister ?40. He comes to China once a year.he to China ?41. He goes to see his grandma （ twice a week ）.（对括号部分提问 ）?42. My father goes to work by car.（ 改为特殊疑问句）?43. It take （ 15 minutes ） for a ferry to cross the riv

26、er.（ 对括号部分提问 ） ?44. You can dial （ 110 ） to call the police.（ 对括号部分提问 ） can you dial to call the police45. Ted put his bag in the desk .（改为特殊疑问句）Ted in the desk?46. The students （ went camping ） last week.（对括号部分提问）?47. Diogenes came from （ Greece ）.（对括号部分提问）Diogenes ?48. The way to keep fit is ( to

27、eat food and take morn exercise).( 对括号部分提问 )the way to ?49. We landed (on an unexplored planet ).(对括号部分提问 )you land ?练一练7 (单项选择题)：()1. How are you ?A.Fine,thanks. B.Yes,it is. C.How are you ?()2. Nice to meet you !A.Fine,thank you. B.OK. C.Nice to meet you ,too !()3. How do you go to school ?A.I go

28、to Canada by plane. B.I go to school by bike. C.What about you ?()4. How do you go to the USA ?A.I usually go to school by bus. B.I go to England by ship. C.I go by plane.()5.? My home is near the post office.A. Where is your home ? B.OK.C.See you then!()6. Seeyou at 2 o ' clock.A.See you then !

29、 B.The fifth floor.C.It ' s easy.()7.? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.It ' s not far. B. How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.()8. Where is the hospital?A.Next to the cinema. B.Thank you . C.You' re welcome.()9. Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ?A.Yes,there is . B.No,it ' s not farC.It ' s near the post office.()10. ? It ' s near the post office.A.Yes,there is . B.No,it ' s not farC. Where is the library?()11.? It ' s next to the hospi