牛津版沪教版英语八年级(上)Unit-2-Numbers-词句讲解+练习+答案

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 2 Numbers词汇讲解1. number(1) number用作可数名词，意为“数字”。例如：We often use Arabic numbers in our daily life. 在我们的日常生活中，经常使用阿拉伯数字。(2) number还可意为“号码”。如果放在数字的前面，常缩写为NO。例如：Her telephone number is 281-9176. 她的电话号码是218-9176.I study in NO. 4 middle school. 我在第四中学上学。【拓展】 (1) a number of 意为“许多”，后面接可数名词的

2、复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。number前面可以用large，great，small等修饰，构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如：I have a number of letters to write. 我有许多信件要写。A large number of students in our school are from the countryside. 我们学校许多学生来自农村。A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday.昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。(2)

3、the number of意为“的数量”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English. 说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。2. checkcheck作及物动词，意为“检查；核实”。例如：Our teachers check our homework every day. 我们的老师们每天都检查我们的作业。Please check the answers. 请核对答案。【拓展】check的相关短语：check in登记；检票 che

4、ck out办清手续后离开 check up检验3. promise(1) promise用作及物动词，表示“许诺；承诺”，其后可接双宾语或动词不定式作宾语。例如：She promised me the book. 她许诺给我这本书。They promised to come to the party on time. 他们答应准时参加聚会。(2) promise用作名词，make a promise意为“许下诺言；答应；保证”。例如：My mother made a promise to buy a new bike for me. 我母亲答应给我买一辆自行车。4. rest(1) rest

5、用作名词，意为“剩余部分”。the rest of意为“的剩余部分”。例如：Theyll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast. 他们会吃一些面包，剩下的留作早点。But what about the rest of them? 但是他们其余的人怎么办呢？ 【拓展】(1) rest作名词，意为“休息”。例如：We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息了一下。(2) rest作动词，意为“休息；使休息”。例如：They rested for half an hour. 他们休息了半小时。5. inst

6、ead instead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。例如：He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。【拓展】instead和instead of的辨析：(1) instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema

7、. 他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。(2) instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如：He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。6. realize(1) realize作为及物动词，意为“认识到，了解”。例如：He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告诉他，他才认识到自己的错误。When he realized what had happene

8、d, he was sorry. 当他明白发生了什么事时，他感到很难过。(2) realize还可以表示“实现；完成”的意思。例如：The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress. 那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思，但在具体用法上又有所差别。(1) recognize也可以用作及物动词，表示“认出, 辨认”的意思。例如：I recognized his voice. 我辨认出了他的声音。I recognized her as my friends da

9、ughter. 我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。(2) recognize还可以表示“清楚知道；认定”的意思。例如：I recognized him to be cleverer than I am. 我认识到他比我聪明。7. traffictraffic意为“交通(量)、通行”，属不可数名词，交通量的大小常用heavy/light或much/little来修饰。例如：Traffic is very heavy during the rush hours.高峰时间交通十分繁忙。The new bridge was opened to traffic on National Day. 新建的大桥在国庆

10、节那天通车。8. take placetake place意为“举行；发生；产生”。例如：The football game will take place tomorrow. 足球比赛明天举行。This story took place last year. 这个故事是去年发生的。【拓展】辨析：take place与happen（1）take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例如：When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行？（2）happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶

11、然或突发性事件。例如：What happened to you? 你发生了什么事？(一般不说：What did you happen?)注意：happen 与 take place 通常都没有被动语态。句式讲解1. Id like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboardwould like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下：(1) would like后接名词或代词，表示“要”某样东西。例如：I would like a cup of coffee. 我要一杯咖啡。My mother would like an a

12、pple. 我的妈妈想要一个苹果。(2) would you like后接动词不定式（to do形式），表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如：Would you like to help me? 你愿意帮助我吗？Would you like to drink some tea? 你要喝茶吗？(3) would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”。 例如：Id like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。注意：would like的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I'd (We'd) like (l

13、ove) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；Id love /like to.的to不能省略。否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。例如：Would you like some coffee? 你要点儿咖啡吗？No, thanks.不要了，谢谢。 Would you love to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？ Yes, Id love to. 是的，我很愿意。2. I can teach you how to make more moneyhow to make more money

14、为“疑问代词+动词不定式”结构。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构常放在ask; decide; forget; know; learn; show; teach; tell等动词之后作宾语。例如：I dont know what to do next? 我不知道下一步做什么。She forgot how to do it. 她忘记怎么做了。【拓展】(1) 特殊疑问词+动词不定式，在句中可以作主语，宾语和表语。例如：I want to know what to do next. （作宾语）我想要知道下一步做什么。How to improve English is important to us. （作

15、主语）如何提高英语对我们很重要。The question is when to start. （作表语）问题是什么时候动身。(2) 含有“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语的句子通常可与含有宾语从句的复合句相互转换。如：Please tell me when to meet tomorrow. = Please tell me when we will meet tomorrow. 请告诉我明天我们什么时候见面。Tom doesnt know which to choose. = Tom doesnt know which he should choose.Tom不知道该选哪一个。3. From th

16、en on he was not lazy any more.notany more意为“不再”。not常位于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，any more常位于句末，相当于no more。no more常位于句中，放在be动词之后，实义动词之前，两者经常可以互换。例如：He doesnt live here any more. = He no more lives here. 他不再住在这里了。【拓展】表示“不再”的词还有notany longer或no longer。二者的区别在于：(1) notany more = no more，表示数量或程度上的“不再”增加，通常修饰终止性动词。例

17、如：The baby isnt crying any more. = The baby is no more crying. 这个婴儿不再哭了。(2) no longer = notany longer表示时间或距离上“不再”延长，通常修饰延续性的动词。例如：I cant stand it any longer. 我对此再也不能忍受下去了。4. 1. Some words have both a strong form and a weak form.句子中的both.and相当于一个连词，意思是“不但而且”，它可以连接两个名词、形容词或者介词短语等，如果连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词常用复数形

18、式。例如：Both my father and mother are doctors. 我的父亲和母亲都是医生。He speaks both English and French. 他既会说英语还会说法语。【拓展】(1) both.and的否定短语是neither.nor，意思是“既不也不”。It's neither too cold nor too hot. 天气既不太冷也不太热。Neither boys nor girls are interested in it. 男孩子和女孩子对此都不感兴趣。(2) neithernor连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词要和最近的主语一致。Neith

19、er he nor I am a teacher. 他不是老师，我也不是老师。5. He makes the class really interesting.make作使役动词，意为“使；让”讲时，常构成make + 宾语(sb./sth.) + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。例如：What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。 【拓展】(1) make + sb.+形容词，make是谓语动词，sb.是make的宾语，后面的形容词在此作宾语

20、补足语。例如：Rainy days make me sad. 雨天让我很悲伤。What he said made the teacher angry. 他说的话让老师很生气。(2) make + sb. + 过去分词，此处的过去分词相当于形容词作宾补。例如：Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed. 在雨中等他让我很烦。(3) make + sb. +动词原形，此处的动词原形也叫省略to的不定式作宾补。例如：Sad movies always make me cry. 伤感的电影经常让我哭泣。Loud music makes her want to

21、 dance. 高声的音乐让她想跳舞。(4) be made to+动词原形，此处是make的被动语态，要还原动词不定式的to，即be made to do sth意为“被使做某事”。 例如：The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.= He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss. 老板使他一天工作15个小时。Unit 2 Numbers词汇练习I. 英汉互译。 1. challengeto_ 2. would like_3. and so on_ 4. a long time ago_5. 不

22、再_6. 发生_7. 抄写_8. so that _9. 许诺做某事_10. bothand_II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. Tony p_ to help me, but he didnt.2. His father died in a traffic a_.3. How old is your _(儿子)， Mr. Green?4. You should _(核实) your answers carefully.5. My grandpa is a _(充满智慧的) man. He knows lots of things.6. What did he do in rep

23、ly to your c_?7. Today I want to play football i_ of playing basketball.8. I didnt r_ how late it was. 9. Whats your telephone n_? Its 535-2365.10. He took part in a television quiz and won a p_. III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. He ordered his men _(run) fast.2. The supermarket is on the _(nine) floor.3. My mot

24、her promised _(buy) a new bike for me.4. We all know that May is the _(five) month of a year.5. He has more than three _(hundred) books.句式练习I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。 1. 你比大部分孩子都幸运，我希望你意识到这一点。 You are luckier than most children, and I hope _ _ _.2. 当我们打网球时，你们其余的人做什么呢？ While we are playing tennis, what

25、will _ _ _ you do?3. 我喜欢读书而不是跳舞。 I enjoy reading _ _ _.4. 我去过很多地方，如上海、北京、杭州等。 I have been to many places, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou _ _ _.5. 这座大桥约50米长。 The bridge is about 50 _ _.6. 如果明天天气好，我们将去游览长城。 Well go to visit the Great Wall _ it _ _ tomorrow.7. 你想来点面包吗？ Would you _ some _?8. 我将给你一些

26、怎样照顾你的宠物狗的建议。 Ill give you some _ _ _ _ look after your pet dog.9. 我不会再玩电脑游戏了。 I _ play computer games _ _.10. 篮球赛何时举行？ When will the basketball game _ _?II. 句型转换，每空一词。1. The story happened in India. (就划线部分提问) _ _ the story happen?2. There are twenty chairs in the room. (就划线部分提问) _ _ chairs are ther

27、e in the room?3. Can you count from one to one hundred? (作肯定回答) _, I _.4. I want some money. (改为同义句) I _ _ some money.5. Our team won the basketball game. (改为否定句) Our team _ _ the basketball game.III. 补全对话。阅读下面对话，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。（其中有一项是多余的）A. Where are you going? B. Maybe another time.C. Ill spend a whole day. D. you will have a good time.E. Oh, its so kind of you. F. Id love to go with you.A: Hi! 1 B: Im going to my parents farm.A: