牛津译林版新教材高二英语选选择性必修四重点词汇讲解及练习（含答案）.docx

1、选择性必修四U1词汇讲解+练习Part 1单词拓展1. barely /' bcoli/ adv.刚好：仅仅,勉强可能;几乎不；冈U才当 never, seldom, few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, no, not 等含有否定意义的副词及其 构成的短语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，即把be动词/情态动词/助动词提至主语前面。2. appointment /s' po I ntmant/ n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 appointment n.约会;预约;任命，委任一appoint W.任命;委派;指定;约定appointed a

2、dj.指定3. make one's fortune 发财fortune n.大笔的钱，财富;运气fbrtunatc 勿.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地【反】misfortune不幸unfortunate adj.不幸的泠人遗憾的>unfortunately adv.不幸地;令人遗憾地4. reliable /ri lai sbl/ adj.可信赖的，可依靠的;*rely vi.依靠，依赖，信任，信赖reliable。#.可依靠的，可信赖的一【同depend vi.依 靠，依赖，信任，信赖5. worthwhile /. v3 : O' wai 1/adj.

3、值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的(2) _worthy adj.配得上的worth "勿.值worthwhile adj.值得做的，值得花费时间/金钱的一【反】worthless adj.没有价值的;没有用的练习：词条worthwhile搭配It's worthwhiledoing.值得做It's worthwhile to do.be worth+.意义和用法worthbe worth doingworthybe worthy of+.be worthy of being donebe worthy to be done值得值.“某事值得被做”，要用

4、动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。表 示“很值得被做.”用副词well修饰应得."某事值得被做",接动名词时of后要用动名词的被动式：接 不定式时，worthy后要用不定式的被动式0 worthy作定语时, 表示“有价值的，值得尊敬的【即时训练】I .语境串词reading, but it is not.(worth)of being translated.So I feel that all(l) This article is well your efforts aren't _II. 语法填空(2) 1 think your outstanding perform

5、ance is worthy of(praise).(3) (2019-全国卷III满分作文)Staff and students from different clubs will stage singing, dancingand drama performances, which are well worthy(watch).(4) The question is not worthagain and again.(5) is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book, because it is a great help for yours

6、tudy【参考答案】(I )worth worthy worthwhile (2)being praised (3)lo be watched (4)discussing (5)ItM7 U3词汇讲解+练习Part 1单词拓展1. superior n.上级，上司adj.更好的，更高的superiorn.上级，上司adj.更好的，更高的【反】inferiorn.不如别人的人；级别（或地位） 低的人adj.较差的;次的；级别低的;较低的【联】senior adj.年长的；地位高的；高年级 的年长者：高年级学生一【反junior。#.年少的；地位低的n.年少者；地位低者归纳拓展自测默写be sup

7、erior to.b匕.高明/高级be superior in在.方面占优势be inferior 氐于be senior to.比.年长/资历深be junior to.l匕.年幼/资历浅superiority n,优越（性）;优势【温馨贴士】superior, inferior, seniorjunior这四个词均无比较等级，如表示比较，用介词to。【即时训练】I. 单句语法填空1. （2016 浙江卷）In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belongingor even（super

8、ior）.2. People love spreading information and sharing opinions not because they think their thoughtsarc superiorothers'.3. They finally lost the game, because their opponents are superiorstrength.【参考答案】1. superiority 2.to 3. inII.同义句转换My brother is three years older than I.My brotherme by three

9、years.【参考答案】is senior （o2. prejudice n.偏见,成见；w.使怀有（或形成）偏见prejudice n.偏见,成见；W.使怀有（或形成）偏见prejudiced时.有偏见的，有成见的;偏颇的, 偏心的3. consult vt.咨询;请教consult vt.咨询;请教consultant".顾问;高级医生或专家一【同】enquire/ inquire v.咨询3. respective adj.各自的 *respect n. & vt.尊敬，敬重*respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的respectable adj.值得尊敬 的;

10、自面的;得体的respectively adv.分别地，各自地4. operate v.操作5. hire聘用operator n.操作人员operates.操作：动手术>opcration n.操作：手术hire vt.聘用，雇佣；租用，租借【同】employ v.雇佣；使用【反】fire v.解雇6. leadership领导应有的品质 lead to导致【原文再现】(P22L28)However, (he Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons' victory

11、about 6(K) years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic.然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响远不及约六百年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语产生 的影响大，那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语。自测默写lead to sth./sonie place导致某事/通向某地lead to sb./sb/s doing sth.导致某人做某事lead sb. to sth.使得出(观点);引导某人lead sb. to do sth.带领某人做某事;导致某人做某事归纳拓展(1)【温馨贴士】表示''导致”的短语还有:resu

12、lt in; bring about; give rise to; contribute to 【即时训练】I. 语境串词With him (带路)，we got (here without any difficulty. But for him, we would havebeen lost, which would (导致)serious consequences.II. 用所给词的恰当形式填空Look over therethere is a very long, winding path (lead) up to the house.The convenience even leads

13、 fewer people (take) public transport.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief s (catch).(2019 年全国卷 I) It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy(1)(2)(3)(4) (adjust), high status has just the opposite effect on us.【参考答案】I. leading the way; lead to 11.( 1) leading (2) to take7

14、. commercial adj.商业的ification /?.资格，资历commercial adj.商业的，贸易的commerce儿商业；贸易qualification n.资格，资历qualify v.取得资格一qualified adj.有资格的，合格的【联】 quantity n.数量9. applicant n.申请人 apply vi.申请；w.使用，应用【原文再现】(P58Lis)In 1998, he applied to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhou. 1998年他申请成为“921&quo

15、t;计划(现名“神舟”计划)的成员。自测默写归纳拓展apply sth. to sth.把某物应用(涂抹)于apply to适用于;申请apply to.for.向申请apply oneself to (=be applied to)致力于/集中精力 于.application n,应用;申请;敷用applicant n. 中请人【即时训练】I. 语境串词Interested in this subject, heto join the research team. Unfortunately, though thepromised he wouldhimself to (his resear

16、ch, hiswas rejected, as therewas anotherwho was more qualified for the research, (apply)【参考答案】applied; apply; application; applicantII.单句语法填空1. (2019 上海卷)The Online registration feature does not apply evaluationregistration.2. (2019 全国卷 I) You could apply(be) a Stewardship Youlh Ranger and work onlo

17、cal natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.3. (2019 天津卷)However, technology is also the(apply) of scientific knowledge tosolve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.4. (2018 浙江卷 11 月)it can also be pricey if the schools you are(apply) to happento be more than a car ri

18、de away.5. (朗文当代高级英语词典)He was one of 30(apply) for the manager's job.【参考答案】1. to 2. to be 3. application 4. applying 5. applicants10. delay v.延长 *dclay v.（使）推迟，延迟.延误，延迟一【同】postpone v.（使）推迟，延迟 delay vt. & vi.（使）推迟，延迟n.延误涎迟【原文再现】（PzLi4）Regular colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until

19、1967. 在英国，定期的彩色电视节目的播出一直延迟至1967年。归纳拓展自测默写delay doing sth.推退做某事 without delay毫不延迟地;立即 postpone/put off 推迟| 【即时训练】完成句子(1) (2019年天津卷)我立刻打电话向她道谢。, I called to thank her.(2) (2019年3月天津卷)通过延缓心理和生理功能问题的发展，人们在老年仍然可以参 与社会活动。By mental and physical functioning problems, people can still beengaged in society in

20、 their senior years.【参考答案】(1)Without delay (2) delaying the development of11. relevantrelate vt. & vi.联系，把联系起来;叙述，讲述relation n.联系;关系一related adj.关系的,有关联的12. seize vt.抓住seize W.逮捕:捉拿:抓住:捉住:夺取:攻占归纳柘展声测默写(1 )seize sb./sth.(by.)抓住seize the chance/opportunity of.抓住的机会(2) be (suddenly) seized by/with

21、突然感到seize power夺取政权seize control of夺取对的控制 【即时训练】【温馨贴士】grasp指用手、牙或爪去抓住或咬住，引申为具有充分理解那些由于自身或外界的原因而 存在或产生的事物的能力。seize通常指突然有力地抓住某物,seize还可以表示“（疾病）侵袭;（情绪）支配”。【即时训练】I. 语境串词经过一场激烈的战斗，将军夺取了这个王国的控制权。国王抓住机会想要逃跑。在他还 没来得及逃跑，就被抓住了衣领。一阵恐惧感突然袭来。After a fierce battle, the general the kingdom. The kingescape. Before

22、he could run away, he the collar. He was suddenly a feeling of fear.【参考答案】seized control of; seized （he opportunity/chance to; was seized by; seized by/withII. 写出下列句中画线部分的中文意义（1）（2019 年天津卷）I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fearseized me. （2）You are supposed to seize th

23、e ODDortunity and welcome the challenge. （3）They seized lhe land and distributed it to the peasants. 【参考答案】（1）侵袭；突然感到（2）抓住机会（3）夺取/占领了土地M7 U4词汇讲解+练习Part 1单词拓展1. consult vt.咨询;请教consult vt.咨询;请教consultant".顾问;高级医生或专家一【同】enquire/ inquire v.咨询2. subscribe to 同意，赞成归纳拓展subscribe to.在上签署;向捐款;订阅;赞成;同意s

24、ubscribe for 认购subscription n.订阅;捐助自测默写【温馨贴士】类似构词还有:describe escription; prescribeprescription; absorbabsorption 表示''同意，赞成”的短语还有:be for, approve of, be in favor/s叩porl of【即时训练】I 语境串词这座教堂的12（）英尺高的哥特式尖塔是在1939年通过公众捐助来支付建设费用的。当 时有数十万人向这一工程捐款。The church's 120-foot Gothic spire was paid for by

25、 public in 1939. Hundreds ofthousands of people to this construction at that time.【参考答案】（1）subscription （2） subscribedII.完成句子（1）（外研版新教材必修第三册）顺便说一句，如果你喜欢这个现场直播，请订阅我们的 频道，了解电台下一步访问的地方！By the way, if you have enjoyed this live broadcast, to find out where Fm visitingnext!（2）（柯林斯英汉双解大词典）雇员们申购了远比实际数额还多的股

26、份。Employees far more shares than were available.【参考答案】（1）subscribe （2） subscribed for 3. comprehension n.理解力;理解练习4. comprehension n.理解力;理解练习>comprehend v.理解，领会»comprehensive adj.综合 的;广泛的;有理解力的5. Self-worth自我价值感worthy adj.配得上的worth odj.值 worthwhile。由.值得做的，值得花费时间/金钱的f【反】worthless adj.没有价值的；没有用

27、的词条搭配意义和用法It's worthwhileworthwhile doing.值得做It's worthwhile to do.worthworthybe worth+n.be worth doing be worthy of+n.be worthy of being done值得，值“某事值嘉被做”，要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。表示“很值得被做”用副词well修饰 应得“某事值得被做”，接动名词时of后要用动名词的被动式；接不定式时，worthy后要用不定式的被动式。worthy作定语be worthy to be done时，表示“有价值的,值得尊敬的”。【即时

28、训练】I.语境串词(1 )This article is wellreading, but it is notof being translated.So I feel that allyour efforts aren't.(worth)II.语法填空(2) 1 think your outstanding performance is worthy of(praise).(3) (2019 全国卷II【满分出文)Staff and students from different clubs will stage singing, dancingand drama performan

29、ces, which are well worthy(watch).(4) The question is not worthagain and again.(5) is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book, because it is a great help for yourstudy【参考答案】(l)worth worthy worthwhile (2)being praisedto bewatched (4)discussing (5)lt6. assume vt.以为，假定为;（想当然地）认为;承担拓展归纳拓展assume resp

30、onsibility 承担责任assume a leading position 担任领导职务assume sb./sth. to be.认为某人(是)assuming (that).假设(引导条件状语从句)It is assumed lhat.人们认为assumption n.假定:设想;承担;掌握on the assumption that.假定自测默写【即时训练】I.语境串词It is that you are wise, you will try to understand what's actuallyhappening instead of acting on theyou

31、've made. (assume)【参考答案】assumed; assuming; assumptionII.单句语法填空1. My calculations were based on the(assume) house prices would remain steady.2. (assume) that it rains this afternoon, what shall we do?【参考答案】I. assumption 2. Assuming 7. occupy vt.占领;占用空间、时间等* occupy v/.占领；占用（时间、空间等）occ叩ied adj.己占用的

32、；使用中；无空闲的 occ叩ation n.占领；消遣；工作；职业【原文再现】（P22L8）Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland一the Angles and （he Saxonsccupied Britain.然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。归纳拓展(1) be occupied with/sth. in doing sth.忙于做某事 occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事(2) occupation n.消遣;业余活动;业余职业自测默写【即时

33、训练】I.语境串词himself with routine task, Tom had no lime to accompany his children who wasalsoin doing their homework. They didn't have any. (occupy)【参考答案】Occupying; occupied; occupationII.完成句子(1) Many patients (occupy) hospital beds could be transferred to other places.(2) 既然己经退休了，他现在还在忙什么呢？How does

34、 he now that he's retired?参考答案】1.( 1) occupying (2) occupy himself8. qualifyquality .品质;质量qualify W.使胜任;赋予资格qualificationn.资格,能力;合格证书【联】quantity n.数量9. composer n.作曲者，作家composes构成；写作；使平静composed adj.沉着的;冷 静的composition,?.作文，作曲，作品10. refer to谈及，提到；与相关，涉及；查阅，参考自测默写归纳拓展（1） refer to.as 把称为refer sth.

35、/sb. to sth./sb.将送交给（以求获得帮助等）（征询意见）（2） reference n.提及；查阅,参考;推荐信; 介绍人in/with reference to （所述内 容）关于【温馨贴士】"查词典”的表达方式还有：refer to a dictionary; look sth.up in the dictionaryo。 【即时训练】语法填空(1) I am writing to youreference to the job opening in your department.(2) When you need to remember a phone numb

36、er, a shopping list or a set of instructions, you relyon what psychologists and neuroscientists refer toworking memory.(3) Ask your teacher to act as one of your(refer) if you want to join the club.(5) In his speech, the Canadian version of Thanksgiving he referred tois often seen as a time to simpl

37、y relax and eat good food.【参考答案】(l)in/with (2)as (3)references (4)referred (5)proved(prove) to us that it(4) My complaint was(refer) to the manufacturers.11. Composition composer n.作曲者，作家compose v.构成；写作；使平静composed adj.沉着的；冷静 的composition .作文，作曲，作品6. outline /' au tlai n/ vt,概述，略述 n.概述；轮廓线，略图 ou

38、tline n.提纲,概要;轮廓线，略图-*【同】sketch n.素描;略图;梗概7. criminal /' kri mi nl/n.罪犯adj,犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的crime n.犯罪criminal adj.犯罪的 In.犯人8. innocent/' I nosnt/adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪 的：天真无邪的，纯真的n.无辜者innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;无恶意的;纯真的innocence儿清白;无辜 【反】guilty adj.有罪的guilt n.有罪9. legal/' li： gl/adj.合法的;法律的illegally a

39、dv.非法地-illegal adj.非法的-*legal adj.合法的-legally adv.合法地10. principle /' pri nsapl/ n,道德原则；法则；信条principle n.原则,法则;道德原则，行为准则一【联principal n.校长adj.最重要的,主要的11. guilty/1 gi Iti/adj.感到内疚的,感到惭愧的;归纳拓展find sb. guilty判决某人有罪be guilty of (doing) sth.犯(过失等) feel/be guilty about 对感到内疚guilt n.罪行，内疚自测默写innocent ad

40、j.清白的;无罪的;无恶意的;纯真的innocence,?.清白;无辜一【反guilty adj.有 罪的guilt".有罪练习：【即时训练】语法填空(1) He was found(guilt) and sentenced to three years in prison.(2) Sam was proved to be guiltymurdering an eight-year-old girl.(3) I felt guiltyvisiting my parents so rarely because I was occupied with some extra workon

41、(he weekend.(4) Finally, the criminal admitted his(guilty) after the police educated him.【参考答案】guilty (2)of (3)about (4)guilt12. ashamed /o' ci nid/ adj.惭愧，羞愧,尴尬(7)ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的一shameful adj.令人惭愧的，令人羞愧的shame n.羞愧 【反】 proud13. forgive /fo' gi v/ vt. & vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除

42、(债务)* forgive vt.原谅，宽恕-forgiveness n.原谅，宽恕 forgive (forgave, forgiven) W.原谅，宽恕归纳拓展forgive sb. sth.原谅某人某事自测默写forgive one's doing sih.原谅某人做 了某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌【即时训练】I. 语法填空(DWe forgave himbeing rude as he was so young.(2) Tom forgave his little sister

43、 for(destroy) his toy car.(3) Please forgive my(interrupt) your conversation.II. 完成句子(4) After the argument (he boys decided to(摒弃前嫌).(5) 请原谅我以前你在中国期间我做得不对的地方。Pleasewhat I did wrong before during your stay in China.L 参考答案】(Dfor destroying (3)interrupting (4)forgive and forget (5)forgive me for14. ch

44、eat/tf i： t/vt,欺骗，蒙骗vi.作弊，舞弊cheat v.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈行为一>【同】fool vt.欺骗，愚弄.傻瓜>foolish adj.傻 的-trick".骗局;玩笑;恶作剧;戏法;把戏;诀窍vt.欺骗;欺诈15. disappointed /, di so' po I nti d/ adj.失望的, 沮丧的dis叩pointed adj.失望的>disappointing adj.令人失望的>disappoint vt.使失望disappointment n.失望16. pretend /pn ' tend/

45、 vi. & vt.假装；装扮，：分作；自诩，自认为归纳拓展自测默写PVretend to be+adj.hi.假装是to do假装做某事to be doing假装正在做to have done假装做了-that. 假装谎称【温馨贴士】iodo根据动词不定式的动作发女匕时间运用不同的形式：todo表示经常或将来(o be doing表示正在进行lo have done表示过去或完成【即时训练】语法填空(1) She pretended(do) her homework when her mother came in.(2) (2019-6 月浙江高考满分作文)When I am fac

46、ed with difficulties in English learning, I won'tpretend(know) it, but tum to you.(3) We can't go on pretendingeverything is OK.【参考答案 j (Dto be doing (2)to have known (3)thatbe anchored in 基于17. *anchor /* aeg(r)/n.锚；给以安全感的人(或物)vi. & vt.抛锚；使固定(11)18. mercy /' m3 : si/n.仁慈,宽恕at the me

47、rcy of sb/sth 任.处置，对.无能为力归纳拓展at the mercy of任由摆布；受支配show mercy to对表示怜悯have mercy on对表示怜悯ask/beg/plead for mercy请求/乞求/祈求宽恕 It's a mercy.幸运的是merciful adj.怜悯的，宽容的，仁慈的 mercifully贝加.怜悯地自测默写【即时训练】完成句子小船的马达出现故障之后，他们只能任由天气的摆布。After the boat's motor failed, they were onlythe weather.(2)(2019-6月浙江高考)你

48、心地善良，总是对那些身陷困境中的人心生怜悯。 You are kind and always(hose in trouble.【参考答案】(1 )at the mercy of (2) show mercy to19. guidance/' gal dns/n.指导；导航 guidance n.指导;引导guide v,指导滞领;.导游;指南20. discouraged /di s' kA ri dj d/ adj,灰心的（12） discourage vt.使灰心;劝阻>discouragcd adj.沮丧的，灰心的discouragement，?.气馁，失望

49、87;【反】encourage vt.鼓励encouragement n.鼓励>couragc .勇 气Part 2： Reading 词汇练习1. It was ten o'clock at night.2. In the doorway of a store stood a man, with an unlit 菖茄烟）in his mouth.3. IFs an （约定）made twenty years ago.The light showed a pale4. face, with（敏锐的）eyes, a square（下巴）and a littlewhite（伤痕）n

50、ear his right（眉毛）.5. His（围巾夹）was a large , oddly set.6. The next morning I was to leave New York and travel to the West to（发财）.7. "Well, wc kept in touch fbr a year or two, and then wc（失去联系）.I came a thousand miles to stand in this8. doorway tonight, and it's（值得的）if my old partner turns up.

51、About twenty minutes later, a tall man9. in a long overcoat, with（衣领）turned up to his ears, hurried toward him.10. "（祝福）my heartcried the new arrival. "Well, well, well! Twenty years is along time! How has the West treated you, old man?"Tt has given me everything I asked it fbr. You&#

52、39;ve changed lots, Jimmy. I neverthought you were tall by two or three :11. The two men walked up the slreei臂挽着臂）.12. The man from the West was beginning lo（概述）lhe history of his career.13. "As I疑有,觉得）,you're not Jimmy Wells," he said, impatiently with anger."Twenty years is a lo

53、ng time, but not long enough to change the shape of a man's nosc.,14. "You've been被逮捕）_for ten minutes, 'Silky' Bob. Chicago police thoughtyou might have dropped over our way and给（某人）打电报）_us.15. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw ii was the face of the（罪犯）wanted

54、 in Chicago. 不过，总之 1_I couldn't arrest you myself, so I got aplain-clothes man to do the job.Grammar词汇练习16. What complicates the issue is the（负担）of history.17. The（主要的，核心的Activities of local authorities were reorganized.18. Riskily, he's decided to（辞职）19. He regularly donates（大量的）sums of mon

55、ey to local charities.Integrated skill 词汇练习20. Naturally, we were very （人感到失望的）.21. Not even their diehard supporters can （假装）that this was a great game.22. The skin around her eyes was beginning to （起皱纹）.ading 答案：1. barely; 2. cigar; 3. appointment; 4. keen,jaw; scar;eyebrow; 5. scarfpin, diamond m

56、ake fortune 7.1os（ contact 8. worthwhile 9. collar 10. Bless ; inches 11. arm in arm ; 12. （line; 13. suspected; 14. arrested; 15. criminal; AnyhowGrammar 答案： 16. burden; 17. core; 18. resign; 19. substantialIntegrated skill 答案:20disappointed;21 pretend;22wrinkleM7 U2词汇讲解+练习Part 1单词拓展1. react诅作出反应，回应react vi. 出反应，回应reaction反应,回应>reactive adj.反应的；起反应的一【同】respond v.回答；作出反应response”.反应；回答2. genlle adj.温柔的，平和的3. competent adj.能干的;胜任的gentle adj.温柔的，