必修4第二单元复习

1、Model 4 Unit 2Working the land 1.Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body are Just like those of millions of Chinese farmers,_whom he has Struggle _the past five decades. forforstruggle for/against/withstruggle to do sthfight for/with/against compete for/with/against1.he joined in

2、the fight _ the flood 2.They are fighting _ their enemy.3.They are fighting _ their enemy againstwithagainst即境运用1.Those climbers struggled_the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountion.2.He has been_in his business.=He has been_in his business.3.We shall continue_(struggle)pollution. a

3、gainststruggling to succeedstruggling for successto struggle against 1.His father says that he has never regretted _（send）his son to study abroad.2.We regret _ (inform)you that your application has not been successful.3.I regret _I am unable to accept your kind invitation.sendingto informthatConclus

4、ion：1.regret+n/pron. regret+that/wh-从句 regret+to do sth对要作的事感到遗憾regret doing sth.和regret having done sth. 对已经作过的事感到后悔即境运用：1.We regret_(hear) that the goods you received are not of the quality expected.2.Jerry did not regret_(give)the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.3.I r

5、egret_(tell)you that Tom failed the exams and he regretted_ (not,follow)your advice.to heargivingto tellnot following1.I _(regret,say)that I am unable to help you.2.I _(regret,spend)so much money on a car.3.He told me _(regret)that he could not come to the partyregret to sayregret spendingwith regre

6、t I regret that I cant accept your advice.=I regret_that I cant accept your advice=_that I cant accept your advice.=I _for not accepting your idea.to say Im sorryam regretful/am sorry1.They focus on keeping their soul rich and free of disease.2.On my blog I focus on this aspect and pro- vide ways of

7、 identifying what matters to you.3.If you make it the focus of your career,that Would be phenomenal.集中于关注焦点，中心Conclusion:1.focus on focus ones attention/eyes/energy on. be focused on/upon sth=be fixed on2.the focus of attention /concern集中于集中注意力/目光/精力于集中于注意力/关注的焦点keep ones eyes onconcentrateonfix one

8、s eyes/attention /thoughts onsettle down to+ngive/draw/pay ones attention to1.you must _(focus)your work.2.The secretary forgot to type her business letter,_(focus her )an interesting report.3.I would like_(focus)my writing,but it was too noisy.focus/fix/concentrate your attention onfocusing her att

9、ention onto have focused onremark n&vi 评论，评述remark on/upon sth.就发表评论make remarks on /about对加以评论remark that.评论说e g.The guests remarked on her new dress.evaluate vt 评价，评估，估价evaluate ones chance of success评估某人成功的机会assess vt 估定，评定assess at 把估价为，assess sbs efforts评价某人的工作She remarked how happy I was.她

10、说我是多么的幸福。He remarked on the time.他谈到了时间。We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评估。assess the effect of his speech on them.评价他的演讲对他们的影响。1._the efforts of the headmaster,I can go back to school now.2.His company collapsed_ mismanagement.3.He failed_his careless- ness. 4.She

11、 was fined_over- speed.Thanks toowing todue to because of表示“因为，由于”的短语有：because of ,owing to,due to ,on account of ,result from,for ones sake,for the sake of,as a consequence of/in conse-quence of /as a result of由于,因的结果1.Use land for the sake of public Interests。为公共利益需要使用土地的2.We made concessions for

12、the sake of peace.为了和平我们做出了让步.3.she was found guilty,and lost her job in consequence (of it).她被判有罪,因而失去了工作.4. As a consequence of these changes,an enormous number of HIV variants exist worldwide.这些变化的结果导致一批数量庞大的HIV变异体存在于世界范围.1._ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.

13、 A. Improving B. To improve C. Improved D. Having improved 本题考查非谓语动词作状语。B2.The American troops tried many times to break into the mosque, _each time. A. beaten back B. only to be beaten back C. being beaten back D. having been beaten back B 3. _ the merry tune, Jack fixed the tire. A. Whistling B. T

14、o whistle C. Whistled D. Having been whistled 4. All night long he lay awake, _ how to drive the American invaders back home. A. to think B. thinking C. thought D. being thoughAB _the door locked, (see) he realized that he would have to turn back in vain again. _her address, I cant write to her to e

15、xpress my gratitude to him.（not know） _her work, she had to work extra hours. (not finish) They sent us their statement,_to get our support（hope）Seeing Not knowing_Not having finishedhoping4._ , the young man is healthy and strong. A. Fully developed B. Fully growing C. Full developing D. Full grown

16、 5. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lostAC动词的-ing形式作主语，宾语的用法 主动式 被动式一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done1. 动词动词-ing形式是在动词末形式是在动词末尾加尾加 -ing ，属于非谓语动，属于非谓语动词。如：词。如：do-doing, write- writing , sit-sitting , etc.否否定形式：定形式：not

17、+ v-ing 构成构成2. 动词动词-ing形式作主语或宾形式作主语或宾语时，也可称为动名词。语时，也可称为动名词。1 A. Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.B. As we all know, smoking does harm to ones health.动词-ing形式作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为。动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数。如：单数。如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Goi

18、ng to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.2 A. Its no use talking to him; he wont change his mind.B. It is simply a waste of time discussing such matters with him.在句型Its + no good (no use, useless,a waste of time, nice .) + doing sth.中，it是形式主语，后面的动词-ing（短语）作真正的主语。 1 Is it

19、 worthwhile quarrelling with her?2Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 3It was a waste of time reading that book.3A. Joan suggested asking her father for his opinion. B. We are considering flying to Egypt for the coming holiday.我们可以归纳总结出动词-ing形式作宾语的用法特征： 有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如第三组例句中的suggest和conside

20、r。常见的这类动词还有： 常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议考虑建议盼原谅，盼原谅，承认推迟承认推迟没得想，没得想，避免错过避免错过继续练，继续练，consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否认完成否认完成停能赏，停能赏，不禁介意不禁介意准逃亡，准逃亡，不准冒险不准冒险凭想象。凭想象。deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / app

21、reciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine 2. 有些短语如有些短语如cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接等后常接名词、代词或动词名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。形式

22、作宾语。如：如：Im fond of collecting stamps and coins. 4 A. He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train.B. The man left the party without saying goodbye to the host.动词-ing形式还可作介词的宾语 5 “There is + no”后可以用动词后可以用动词-ing形式作主语，表示形式作主语，表示“没法没法”。如：如：There was no telling when this might happen again. 没

23、法预料这没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。样的事什么时候会再发生。There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。他能做什么很难说。注意注意 1.动词动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动形式的复合结构是指在动词词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格；形容词性物主代词或名词所有格；当逻辑主语不出现在句首时，可用当逻辑主语不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所代词或用名词普通

24、格代替名词的所有格。如：有格。如：Im annoyed about Johns forgetting to pay.2. 动词动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面形式的否定形式是在其前面加加not，带有逻辑主语时，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词应在动词-ing形式之前。如：形式之前。如：Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.需要注意的问题：需要注意的问题：以下的动词后面加以下的动词后面加动词的不定式动词的不定式作宾作宾语：语：decide , hope, expect , seem,