2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—阅读理解A(含答案)(精校版)

1、2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编一阅读理解A （含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in

2、the passage you have just read.（A）People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bring about a point in historywhen A.I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intell

3、igence, it will control us.The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn' t mean we have nothinworry about. On the contrary, The A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for

4、 the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created.Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certainjobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is belie

5、ved to cause a wide-scale elimination of jobs mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too.This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily tog

6、ether: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done?Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren ' gtood at.Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, pl

7、anning and “crossield thinking.But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower- paying jobs involving the“ people skills " that A.I. lacks: social workers,barmen, doormen - professions requiring human inte

8、raction. But how many barmen does a society really need?The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve“ service jobs of love. " Thesthat A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples includeaccompanying an older person to visit a doctor, hel

9、ping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future.Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers. In all cases, people will

10、 be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now.56. In what aspect is the A.I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution?A. The A .I. revolution will finally become one beyond human' s control.B. A.I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over

11、human intelligence.C. Higher-paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I. revolution.D. It may bring about mass unemployment no matter how much employees are paid.57. The underlined word promising" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to.A. promotionalB. demandingC. guarante

12、edD. potential58. What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution?A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs.B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs.C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs.D. Jobs requiring knowledge i

13、n different fields are suitable for displaced workers.59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?A. The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities.B. Challenges the A.I. Revolution Brings to Job MarketC. A Double-edged Sword: the A.I. RevolutionD. Interrelationship betw

14、een A.I. and Unemployment【答案】56-59 DDAB【解析】56 . D.本题考察细节。文章第三段the A.L. revolution is not taking certain jobs and replacing themwith other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide-scale elimination of jobs mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too.直接与选项 D 中的 unemployment 以及 no m

15、atter how much employees are paid 相呼应。57 .D.本题考察词义猜测。划横线单词出现在第五段，文章首句和第二句提到人工智能在创造性、 计划性以及跨领域思维方面会逊色于人类，但是这些技能通常是被高薪工作所必需的，而更有可能发生在人工智能所智能欠缺的涉及人类技能的低薪工作。文中"More promising为递进词，与前文形成进一步加深关系。选项 A推销的B挑剔的C保证的D可能的，根据句意 D最合适。58 .A.考察名田节。 最后段提至U The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will inv

16、olve"service jobs of love ,即提供温暖的服务工作，后文例举了许多相应的例子，如accompanyingan older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization 以及后文 Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional 可看出解决之道就是志愿工作。59 .B.考察文章主旨。本文主要论述了人工智能带来的挑战以及相应的应对措施。A为人工智能

17、的变革带来新的机遇，文中并未出现新机遇的例子。C人工智能是把双刃剑，文中并没有讲人工智能的利弊进行对比和分析。D人工和失业之间的相互关系，失业只是文中提到的一个细节，除此外文章还提到了应对此种问题的对策，D项以细节代整体。Two【黄浦区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,

18、C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A )Many of China ' s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first pre

19、servationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China ' best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to sa

20、ve were centuries old, located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule(骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty

21、, food could be polluted, and there was always risk of violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddhain W/utasi County, Shanxi Province. Thebreathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang a

22、nd Lin crawled into the temple ' nsost forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. a Incomplete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks

23、 covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag.We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the

24、 happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture. Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in “ Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China' s Architectural Past. ”56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPTA. accommodatio

25、ns B. personal security C. road conditions D. vehicles57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of.A. documenting smashed historical buildings B. rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC. saving the oldest temples in ChinaD. protecting historical buildings58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha&

26、#39; s Light,.A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs' hideaway59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Cr

27、eativeness results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievementC. Efforts contribute to happinessD. Responsibilities make development【答案】56-59:DDCB【分析】56 .D 细节理解题，根据第二段 Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy,poorly maintained roads by mule（ 骡子）or on foot.Inns wer

28、e often dirty,food could be polluted,and there was always risk of violence from rebels,soldiers and robbers. 前三项原文者B提至U了， 只有 D 未提及， 故选D.57 .D 细节理解题，根据文章第一段可知梁思成和林徽因激起了公众保护历史建筑的意识，而不是重建有价值的建筑或是拯救古老寺庙，记录被毁的历史建筑故选D.58 .C 细节理解题，根据最后一段通过排除法可知，A他们捉到了带有难闻气味的虫子，B他们禁止在里面呼吸和 D通过研究臭虫的藏身之处确定了它的年龄，明显与原文意思不符故选C.5

29、9 .B 主旨大意题，通读全文可知都在讲解梁思成和林徽因遇到的困难和最终取得的成就，所以可 知是选B.Three【浦东新区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the i

30、nformation given in the passage you have read.12 / 31Dame Zaha Hadid, the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures left a mark on skylines and imaginations around the world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age.She was not an average designer. She liberated architectu

31、ral geometry（几何）, giving it a whole new expressive identity. Geometry became, in her hands, a vehicle for unprecedented and eye-popping new spaces. Her buildings elevated uncertainty to an art, conveyed in the odd ways.Her work implying mobility, speed, freedom and uncertainty spoke to a worldview w

32、idely shared by a younger generation. "I am not European, I don ' t do conventional work and I am a woman, Ms. Hadid never allowed herself on her work to be categorized by her background or her gender. And she was one of a kind, a path breaker. In 2004, she became the first woman to win the

33、 Pritzker Prize, architecture ' s Nobel.Zaha Hadid was born in Baghdad on October 31, 1950. Then in 1972, she arrived at the architectural association in London, a center for experimental design. Her teachers included Elia Zenghelis and Rem Koolhaas. "Theyaroused my ambition, she would reca

34、ll, “andaught me to trust even my strangest instincts. " By the 1980s she had established her own practice in LondondAnhe began to draw attention with an unrealized plan in 1982 1983 for the Peak Club.Her partner, Patrick Schumacher, played an instrumental and collaborative role in her career.

35、Mr.Schumacher coined the term parametric （参数的）design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firm ' nsost weird concepts become reality. Ms. Hadid called what resulted in an organic language of architecture, based on these new tools, which allow us to combine highly complex forms

36、into a fluid （流线的）and complete whole.Her sources were nature, history or whatever she sought useful. When her Rosenthal Center, a relatively modest project, opened in 2003, Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic declared it important American building to be completed since th e end of the cold wa

37、r ".“She was bigger than life, a force of nature," as Amale Andraos, the dean of Columbia Universityarchitecture school, put it,“ she was a pioneer. ”She was. For women, for what cities can desire to build and for the art of architecture.56. What features the structures designed by Zaha Ha

38、did?A. Free architectural geometry.B. Conventional design.C. Odd imagination.D. Colorful patterns.57. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, which of the following statement is TRUEA. Zaha Hadid taught herself to trust instincts.B. The plan for the Peak Club hasn' t been carried out.C. The architect &

39、#39; s gender influenced her work dramatically.D. Zaha Hadid was the first architect to win the Pritzker Prize.58. How did the computer- based approach make a difference to Zaha Hadid' s work?A. It contributes to realizing the strange ideas.B. It simplifies the complex structure as a whole.C. It

40、 provides new tools to translate the language.59. The purpose of the passageA. present Zaha HadidB. praise Zaha HadidC. compare Zaha HadidD. show Zaha HadidD. It serves as an instrument to interpret the concepts.is to.'s life experiences inspiration and diligence's works in different timess

41、great contributions to architect【答案】56.A 57.B 58.A59. D【分析】56 .第二段的第二句话中 She liberated architectural geometry（几何）,giving it a whole new expressive identity说到自由的建筑学上的几何图，故答案是A。57 . A选项并非是他自学白要相信直觉； C选项这个性别并没有影响到他的工作；D选项她只是第一个赢得奖项的女建筑师，故答案是Bo58 .文章第五段 Mr. Schumacher coined the term parametric（参数的）desi

42、gn to include the computer- based approach that helped the firm ' naost weird concepts become reality.该句话中 weird concept和strange ideas同意互换，主要是归功于实现了这些奇怪的想法；故答案是A。59 .文章首段以及文章的最后一句可知主要是证明了Zaha Hadid '又i建筑所做的巨大贡献；故选 D。Four【长宁/金山区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each pass

43、age is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner

44、of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new struc

45、ture into its path.it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It ' s covered in massU) , which is, in turn, crawling wit

46、h all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they' re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out.They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I' m eatiakibg

47、eanfasit or mthe kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I ' m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We l be s taring at each other and, after som

48、e time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this - the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening - a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don ' t have the luxury of a garden, this tree make

49、s me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures - that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will

50、 protect it with all my strength.56. The flat that author lives in is.A. built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57. In the author ' s description, she implies that.A. birds keep her warm company B. she has been living on tree productsC

51、. moss makes her flat nice and cool D. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59. Which of the following can be used to express the autho r' s feeling?A. Jealous.B

52、. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.【答案】56-59 BAAC【分析】56 .细节题。 根据文章第段中的"I live in a second- floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner ofthe house.和第二段中“Which means that some hundredyears later, the solid, strong branches of the treereach around two full sides of my home.可作者的家父开始到后来，都是

53、被大树环抱着的，因此本题 选B o57 .推断题。根据文章第三段中"WhenI ' mitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I cansuddenly find myself face to face with another bird. Wd ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. 可知选 A, 鸟儿是陪伴作者的。5

54、8 .推断题。根据文章整体内容和最后一段中"Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to manyother creatures - that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return.可知作者真花珍惜的是贴近大自然的生活，选 A。59 .推断题。根据文章整体内容和作者对大自然的喜欢可以看出作者是非常满意现在的生活的，因此选

55、CoFive【徐汇区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

56、(A)Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞).Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil . She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet namedRodeo. Again, she though

57、t her work wassolid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma! , a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film ver

58、sion won an Academy Award.But the success of Oklahoma! didn ' bring her much happiness. She thought that her work onOklahoma! was only average compa red to some of her other creations. She later said,“ After the openingof Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only

59、 fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century.(Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other cre