高中英语词汇记忆法及练习

1、词汇记忆法教学目标：熟悉各种记词法并学会综合运用记忆单词的方法：读音规则法 分类对比记忆法 联想记忆法 构词记忆法一、读音规则法记单词：我们知道 英语总共有26个字母，48个音标，其实每个字母或字母组合都发固定的音；反过来，每个音标都是由固定的字母或字母组合来发音的。比如，a 一般发 /e/, /æ/, / , /, /:/ Late, hand, about, what, fastO 一般发 /, /u:/, /, /, / Note, who, love, today, hot U /ju:/, / /, / Refuse, put, but, support 请看这些单词：Ma

2、ngo budding hoard /festv/ /hmini/ congratulation优点：记得快，多，朗朗就上口缺点：记形不义，语音要相对比较标准才可以二、分类对比记忆法：其实这是一种大家自不自觉都在使用的一种方法大家从初中开始肯定就发现了See-sea, right-write, meet-meat, too-two, study-learn, see-look-watch, good-well-nice之间的区别与联系吧？只有这样将知识归类对比，我们记得才会深刻，那到底要怎样分类对比呢？1、同义词 2、反义词 3、同音词 4、同类词 5、同源词 6、同形词同义词choose /

3、 select seize / catch / grab / grasp show / display/ exhibitcontain/include be able to / be capable of 反义词Optimistic/pessimistic Success/failure Former/latterEntrance/exit Increase/decrease同类词：Vegetable: tomato; potato; carrot; cabbage, mushroom, cucumber Fruits: apple; pear; peach; grape; water-mel

4、on; lemon, mangotransportation: bicycle; car; bus; truck; ship; plane; train; spacecraft同源词：Present 现在；出席；呈现 Presentation 呈现方式Represent v,代表 Representation n,表现，代表Representative 有代表性的Succeed v 成功 Success n. Successful adj. Successfully adv.Employ v 雇佣 Employer n 雇佣者，雇主Employee n 雇员 Employment n 雇佣同形

5、词：effect/affect/effort/offer/offend experience/experimentappear/appeal （呼吁，恳求，上诉）Explore/explode/exploration/explosion Attitude/altitude三、联想记忆法Candidate n 候选人 能(can)做(did)能吃(ate)的人是候选人Ambulance n 救护车 俺们(am)不 (bu)能(lan)死(ce)赶快去叫救护车Hesitate v 犹豫 他(he)坐(sit)下来吃饭(ate) 时犹豫了下Assassinate v 暗杀 两只驴(assass)在里

6、面(in)吃 (ate)东西时被暗杀了Costume n 服饰 花费(cost)你(u)我(me)的钱去买服饰Do you want to have a try by yourselves?Leisure n 休闲,休息 累了(lei)就一定(sure)要休息、休闲Chaos n 混乱,嘈杂 喧嚣、混杂的场面吵(chao)死(s)了Attendance n 参加 at+ten+dance 十点跳舞，别忘了参加Smother v 窒息 一根绳子(s)把妈妈(mother)肋得快窒息了Mendacity n 撒谎,虚伪 大(da)城市(city)的男人(men)是虚伪,爱撒谎的优点：记得快，牢，对

7、记意思特别有帮助缺点：容易造成读音错误四、构词记忆法Derivation派生法常见的四种否定前缀：Un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis-前 缀意 义用 法例 词un-不,未(=not) 加在形容词或副词前unnecessary, unexpected, unusual相反动作加在动词前Uncover, unlock, undressin-，il-，im-，ir-不,非, 无加在形容词或其派生的名词或副词前incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular,illegal前 缀意 义用 法例 词dis-表示否定加在名词或形容词、动词前dis

8、honour, diseasedislike, disbelievemis-表示错误加在名词、动词或及其派生词前mistake, misread, misunderstanding，misapplymishandle其他前缀：前 缀意 义用 法例 词re-表示：再一次，重新用于动词及派生名词名词、形容词及其它名词前(= again)renew, reborn, rebuild, reappear, retellfore-表示：时间或位置的“在前面”加在动词或名词前(= before)foresee, foreleg, forehead, forewordpre-表示：在前、事先、预先加在名词或

9、形容词前(=before, in front, in advance)prepay, prewar, preschool, prehistory前 缀意 义用 法例 词post-表示：时间和顺序的“在后边”加在名词或形容词前(= after, behind)post-war,postmodernpostgraduateinter-表示: “互相”“在间”加在名词、形容词前构成动词(= between, among)interchange, international, interactinterdependentsuper-表示：高级、在之上，“超”加在名词前(= above, over, u

10、pon)supermarket,supernatural前 缀意 义例 词ex-“前任”ex-president; ex-wife“向外”=outexclude; express; exit; exportmini-“短的”“小的”Minibus; miniskirt; minicomputeranti-“防，防止；抗”antibody; antifreeze; Anti-Japanese后 缀1.表示人和物的名词后缀-er, -or, -eer, -ess, -ician, -ist2. 抽象名词和集体名词后缀 -age, -ure, -ity, -ment, -ion, -ism, -y,

11、 -al, -ness, -ship, -hood, -ance, -th, -dom3. 形容词后缀-able, -al, -ant, -ent, -ic, -ical, -ish, -ive, -ful, -less, -ous, -y, -ed, -en, -ern, -ly4. 副词后缀-ly, -ward, -wards5动词后缀-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -izeCompound 合成法把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法. 1. 直接写在一起。2. 用连字符(-)连接。3. 由两个分开的词构成。Overcome four-legged he

12、-goat, she-wolf meanwhile记单词策略人的记忆规律：1.遗忘速度先快后慢、遗忘量先大后小2. 24小时内忘得最多所以我们应该：1.在背完单词的24小时之内开始复习。2.复习时间先密后疏。3.要有能够记住的信心。4.每次记忆时间不要太长，分散时间。5.记忆要有目的，精力高度集中。巩固练习1.That man was_enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A.care B.careful C.carelessD.carelessness2.The soldier died for saving

13、 the child，so his_ is heavier than Mount Tai. A.die B.dead C.died D.death3.The child looked_at his brother who was badly wounded. A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a _. A.chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician5.The three- _chair isnt suitable for a you

14、ng child.He may fall off. A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged6.Stephenson became the_railway engineer in the world. A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked_about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely8.To everyo

15、nes _，the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction9.What are you doing here?Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about _in English.You can write_passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-wordsB.600-word；a 600-words C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a

16、 600-words10.No one should enter the spot without the_of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence11.You must come with us to the police _.Our head is waiting for you. A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it _. A.in

17、tend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a_smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced14.The_ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the_news about Iraq War? A

18、.lately B.latest C.later D.latter16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in _. A.longer B.length C.long D.longing17.To my _，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness18.Canada is mainly an_country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken19.How_ he is! He

19、 is always acting_.He is really a _. A.foolish；foolishly；fool B.fool；foolish；fool C.foolish；fool；fool D.foolishly；foolish；fool20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.Its of great _. A.valuable B.value C.valueless D.unvaluable21.There were_fish in the river in South America. A.in danger B.dan

20、ger C.dangerous D.dangerless22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is_. A.sound B.silent C.silence D.sounded23.The child looked at me_. A.stranger B.strangely C.strange D.strangeless24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their_bravely. A.free B.freely C.freedom D.frees25.What you said sounded_ but in fact it was untrue. A.reasonable B.reasonful C.r