短文改错解题技巧

1、 短文改错备考策略1 试题形式 1.本题满分10分，给出一篇约100个单词的短文，文中有10处错误，错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。每句中最多有两处错误，即有的句子无错，有的句子有1处错，有的有2处错。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。2. 改错方式(1)增加，在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。 (2)删除，把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。(3)修改 ，在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。(4)标点符号、词序、单词拼写和大小写不改。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 3.考点设置 (1)少了一个词，要求

2、添加的词有冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号、物主代词等。 (2)多了一个词，要求删除的词有冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号to、助动词、副词等。 (3)改错，八道错词设题主要考查动词、名词、形容词、副词 代词等二改错步骤 1.浏览全文，弄懂文意，(时态一致、人称一致、行文逻辑)标出明显错误。 2.逐句阅读，依据考点，逐句寻找错误。 3.重读全文，仔细推敲，解决个别难题。 改错要高分，考点须牢记：根据考点找错误，又快又准高速度。3 考点解析（1） 动词A:谓语动词 需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致、语气的错误1.时态：总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态现象；2.语态：主动语态与被动语态混淆；3.主谓一致：

3、第三人称单数漏掉s；或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数4.语气：虚拟语气1.If you are me, would you talk to them?(2015四川卷)2.An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive.3.So far, he made a living by picking up wastes.4.Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. 5.She liked it very much and reads it t

4、o the class. 6. When the air move, we have wind.7.Books may be keep for four weeks.8.I was only four when she passes away. 9. Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.B: 非谓语动词 需考虑形式和语态 形式:-ing;现在分词、动名词； to不定式; -ed过去分词意义：常见错误:需要接-ing形式的接了to；-ed分词和-ing分词混用；不定式符号to要不要等1.She used to holding me

5、 on her knees (hold) 2.I must make my toys to last. (去掉to) 3.A great many of students would like give up drinking. 4. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing (2015新课标卷II) 5. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinn

6、er. (2013新课标卷II) 6.My parents love me and will do all they can make sure7.We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories（ NMET 2002 ）8. My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of days. (2011大纲卷II)9.All of a sudden , there appeared a disappoi

7、nting look on his face. 知识补充：1. 有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有：advise, admit , avoid, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, appreciate, imagine, mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, suggest等。 2.有些动词后常接不定式作宾语，常见的有：hope, ask, refuse, decide, promise, want, wish, pretend, expect, arrange, plan, demand, manage,

8、agree, fail ,determine, choose, desire等3. 有些动词后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，但意义不尽相同。意义基本相同的有：intend, attempt, continue, begin, start等，意义不同的有：remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, go on, try等。 4. 常见的to为介词的短语有： look forward to, be addicted/accustomed to, get down to, lead to , contribute to, devoteto, object to,

9、owing to, pay attention to, be/get/ become used to备考策略：(1)  通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 .(2)  结合语境，灵活运用时态形式 .(3)  认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动 .(二)名词: 单复数用错（本来用复数,却用单数或反之）；可数与不可数名词的混用（不可数名词不能用复数形式）名词改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份; (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.1.since then-for all these year (years)2.He was tall,with broad shoulder a

10、nd a beard. (shoulders)3.I destroyed each of my toy. (toys)4、The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. （2015年全国卷1）5、Mum taught me some basic step of baking (2015陕西卷) 6、Now I am living in a city, but I miss my hometown in countryside.2015标全卷1） 7、There are branch library in many villages.

11、 8、Kate covered it with a lot of Christmas light.9、On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 名词备考策略：1.牢记名词单复数，人称变化分清楚。2. 记住常考的几个不可数名词advice, fun, progress, information, furniture, equipment, luggage/baggage等.3.只修饰可数名词： a large/great number of, a good/great many, doz

12、ens/scores of, quite a few、many few4.只修饰不可数名词：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little much3.抽象名词具体化： a success; a failure; a surprise, 4.物质名词表一场、一杯、一份 a heavy rain; a coffee (三)冠词冠词命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1.不定冠词a和an互改；2.不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3.根据需要增删冠词。4.熟背词组兼短语1.Suddenly, I caught a

13、sight of my English teacher.2.As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.3.You cant consider him a honest man. 4. In China,children usually start school at an age of seven. 5.It is necessary for the teachers to add the art to their teachings. 6.Asresult, the plants a

14、re growing.7.In a fact,he even scared my classmates away. (去掉a) 冠词考点归纳1. 冠词a, an , the的常见用法限定名词(特指、确指和泛指）、和固定搭配。2.零冠词： 1）三餐、季节和学科 2）表职务、头衔的表语、同位语或补足语 3） 球类运动和棋类游戏 4） by+交通工具 冠词命题特点1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数； 3.代词词性误用。：改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。（四）形容词与副词1.词形混用（形容词的地方用了副词或反之）；2.比较级和最高级1.The fruits are small in size

15、, but juicy and taste.(tasty) 2.There are so much that we share.(many)3.We are growing wonderfully (wonderful)4.Nearly five years before (ago)5.I remember my grandfather very much. (well/clearly)6. that would make him exciting and crazy.7.I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (less) 备考策略：1

16、. 修饰名词、be动词、系动词后用形容词。2. 修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子用副词。3. 比较级和最高级的使用：比如 最基本的good/bad/well/far little/few/much/many 4. 考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 5.形容词变副词加-ly的几种情况1)polite- politely complete- completely safe- safely2)true-truly3)comfortable-comfortably possible-possibly terrible-terribly simple-simply1.He came back la

17、tely last night.2. He asked angry if we had finished the work. 3. Charles said, “As soon as I see a real tall building, I want to climb it. 4. He practiced hard and past the driving-test.5. Im sure well have a wonderfully time.6. Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family. 7.The beautiful of

18、 the lake attracts us a lot.8.The bad news made us feel sadly.9.The children learn to read and write,they play games as good.10.Its not good to keep children busily with their studies all day long. 11. People have been great helped by the computer.（五）连词A.并列连词连词选择错误（如需but时用了so或相反）；并列成分混乱（连词连接的前后两部分是否

19、符合逻辑；两部分结构是否等同）B.复合句-从属连词（引导词）1.Though it was cold, but he went out without a cat. 2.Whatever you do, and Ill be right here waiting for you. 4.This kind of car costs a lot of money, and he can afford it.5. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.备考策略：常考的错误形式有连词but, however, and,

20、or, because, so, when, while before, after, which, that, what 的用法错误等1. All I had to do was to write a story or present it.2. Im sorry, and I didnt understand your question. Could you please restate it?3. Frank was about to leave before he noticed a large packet on the floor.4.She was smiling but nod

21、ding at me.5.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair ply and team spirit.6.He didnt pass the exam ,that surprised us all.（六）代词备考策略：1.人称代词，物主代词的使用反身代词oneself 的使用人称代词的主格和宾格 .不定代词的使用Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.6. Whose 和whos， its和 its的区别1.Knowing

22、is one thing; doing is other.2. I heard that Mr. Wang would teach our English this term.3. Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves4.And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.5. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NMET03)6. I have a

23、 good friend whos name is Liu Mei.(2004 福建)7.He drove too fast, and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket.8.I was learning to express me in simple English.1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性mine, your

24、s, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some5疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as7不定代词one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either(七)介词 涉及多余、缺失或搭配错误。从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；1.Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed. 2.He was looking f