《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习(语法考点)课件：数词及其考点(共27张PPT)

1、 表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；如：twenty, one hundred等; 表示顺序的数词叫序数词。如：second, thirty-first等。 (1)基数词的基本用法 (2)序数词的基本用法考点一-基数词的构成和读法 1one 7seven 13thirteen19nineteen 70seventy 2two 8eight 14fourteen 20twenty 80eighty 3three 9nine 15fifteen 30thirty 90ninety 4four 10ten 16sixteen 40forty 100

2、one hundred5five 11eleven 17seventeen 50fifty 1000one thousand6six12twelve 18eighteen 60sixty 1,000,000one million 观察上面表格我们不难看出：观察上面表格我们不难看出：1. 112的基数词是独立的单词。如：的基数词是独立的单词。如： one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight， nine，ten，eleven，twelve 2. 1319的基数词以的基数词以-teen结尾。如：结尾。如： fourteen，seventeen 但但13，15，18

3、较特殊，较特殊， 13thirteen; 15fifteen; 18eighteen 3. 2090的整十位均以的整十位均以-ty结尾。如：结尾。如： sixty，ninety， 但但20，30，40，50，80较特殊，较特殊，20twenty, 30thirty, 40forty, 50fifty, 80eighty4. 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”，如：，如： 28twenty-eight 96ninety-six5. 百位和十位百位和十位(若无十位则和个位若无十位则和个位)之间加之间加and，如：如：148one hundred and forty-

4、eight 406four hundred and six 6. hundred（百），（百），thousand（千），（千），million（百（百万），万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加也不能在它们的后面加s。如：如： 六百六百six hundred 八百万八百万 eight million7. 1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号号“,” 第一个逗号前为千（第一个逗号前为千（thousand），）， 第二个逗号前为百万（第二个逗号前为百万（million），）， 第三个逗号

5、前为第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。（十亿）。 英语中没有英语中没有“万万”这个词，我们可以用这个词，我们可以用“几十个几十个千（千（thousand）”表示几万，表示几万，“几百个千（几百个千（thousand）”表示表示“几十万几十万”如：如： 2,510 two thousand five hundred and ten 84,296 eight-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six 274,350 two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty( ) 1. Th

6、e library in the school isnt large. Therere only _ books in it.A. six thousand, five hundred and forty-one B. six thousands and five hundreds and forty-oneC. six thousands, five hundred forty and one D. six thousand, five hundreds and fourth-one( ) 2. 999 should be read _. A. nine hundred and ninety

7、 ninth B. nine hundred and ninety-nine C. nine hundred ninety-nine D. nine hundreds and ninety-nine考点二 序数词的构成 序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成，例如 fourth, tenth,但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。 1. onefirst , twosecond , threethird , fivefifth , nineninth , twelvetwelfth 2. 以-ty结尾的单词，要先变y为i, 再加-eth. 如： thirty thirtieth ,

8、 fiftyfiftieth 3. 以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词，要将个位数变成序数词。 如： twenty-onetwenty-first one hundred and oneone hundred and first 具体变化如下表所示：数字基数词序数词数字基数词序数词基数词变序数词记忆口诀1 onefirst30 thirtythirtieth基变序，有规律，末尾加上-th；“一、二、三”特殊记，结尾字母tdd;（即：first, second, third）“八”减t, “九”减e，f要把-ve替；(fivefifth )-ty把y变成i, 记住th前有个e.

9、(sixtysixtieth )如果遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。2 twosecond40 fortyfortieth3 threethird50 fiftyfiftieth5 fivefifth60 sixtysixtieth8 eighteighth70seventyseventieth9 nineninth80 eightyeightieth12twelvetwelfth90 ninetyninetieth20twentytwentieth96ninety-sixninety-sixth考点三 数词的应用 1. 时刻的表示：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。 表达方式时 间读 法示 例顺

10、读法整点基数词 + (oclock)9:00nine (oclock)几点几分钟点数 + (O) + 分钟数9:05nine (O) five几点几十分钟点数 + 分钟数9:40nine forty逆读法30分钟分钟数 +（minutes) past +钟点数9:10ten (minutes) past nine30分钟到下一个钟点所差的分钟数 +（minutes) + to +下一个钟点数9:50ten (minutes) to ten 30分钟half past + 钟点数9:30half past nine说 明使用逆读法时，15分，45分可以用a quarter表示。 如：9:45 a

11、 quarter to ten2. 年月日的表示（1）“年份”用基数词。如： 1999年nineteen ninety-nine；1900年nineteen hundred； 2000年(the year)two thousand； 1905年nineteen o five；（2）“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如： 1998年6月8日 写作：June 8，1998； 读作：June the eighth, nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June, nineteen ninety-eight （3）12个月份的写法一月January(Jan)四月Apr

12、il(Apr)七月July(Jul)十月October(Oct)二月February(Feb)五月May八月August(Aug)十一月November(Nov)三月March(Mar)六月June(Jun)九月September(Sep)十二月December(Dec)注意：月份的第一个字母要大写，和日期连用时可用缩写形式。( ) 3. Five to Five is _. A. 5:05 B.4:05 C. 4:55 D. 5:55( ) 4. Whats the English for 8:30? A. eight and thirty B. eight to thirty C. hal

13、f past eight D. half eight( ) 5. The book came out _. A. on May, 2009 B. in May 2009 C. at 2009, May D. for May, 2009( ) 6. Jack was born _. A. in 1975, May 1B. on May 1, 1975 C. at May 1, 1975D. on 1975, May 13. 世纪、年代表示法(在)90年代 (in) the nineties(在)19世纪 (in) the nineteenth century (在)18世纪30年代 (in) t

14、he1730s或1730s4. 表示“在某人几十几岁”时，用基数词的复数形式。如: in his thirties在他三十几岁时5编号的表示(1)Lesson One the first lesson 第一课 Line Three = the third line 第3列(2)Bus No.3 the No.3 bus 3路公共汽车(3)表示住所时不用“No”。如： 302房间Room 302(读作:room three o two);(4)如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词。如： Page 457 第457页(5)电话号码，用基数词。如： 3855637three eight five fi

15、ve (double five) six three seven( ) 7. My family moved to Dongguan _. A. in 1990s B. in the 1990 C. in the 1990s D. on the 1990s( ) 8. My uncle began to work in this school_. A. on his forty B. at age of fortieth C. when he forty D. in his forties( ) 9. What should we do now, Mr Clark? Please turn t

16、o Page _ and look at the _ picture. A. Twelve; fifth B. Twelfth; fifth C. Twelve; five D. Twelfth; five( ) 10. Unit _ is easy but _ unit is difficult. A. Sixth; seven B. Six; seven C. Sixth; the seventh D. Six; the seventh6分数的表达分数的表达分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如：1/3 one third; 1/9 one ninth分子大于分子大

17、于“1”，分母则加，分母则加“s”。 如：如：2/3 two thirds； 7/8 seven eighths另外还有一些特殊的词，如：另外还有一些特殊的词，如：1/2 a(one)half; 1/4 one fourth或或a(one)quarter;3/4 three fourths或或three quarters ( ) 11. About_of the students like keeping diaries in English in our class. A. two fifth B. two fifths C. second five D. two five( ) 12. T

18、herere many students in our school. _ of them _ girls. A. One third; is B. One third; are C. Two thirds; is D. One thirds；are7. 表示有小数的词用基数词，小数点读point, 0读o 或zero, 小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出即可。 如：7.05 seven point o five 3.14159 three point one four one five nine8表示百分数, 百分数由基数词+ percent 来表示。如：50：fifty percent 0

19、.8： zero point eight percent 考点四 其它用法 1基数词单数名词形容词构成合成形容词。如： a five-year-old boy 一个五岁的男孩an 800-meter-long bridge 一座800米长的桥2基数词meter(s)kilometer(s)kilo(s) + long/high/tall /deep /away等。如：My home is five kilometers away from our school. 我家离学校五公里远。The Yangzi River is 6,300 kilometers long 长江长6300公里3. hu

20、ndred, thousand, million等表示数量的词前面如有基数词，用来修饰后面的名词表示精确数量时，本身不用复数形式，名词才用复数形式。如：两千人 two thousand people; 三百米 three hundred meters但在表示含糊数量时要用复数形式，并要与of 连用。如：hundreds of 数百的thousands of 数千的或成千上万的millions of 数百万的如：数千人thousands of people 试比较：two hundred books / hundreds of booksthree thousand trees / thousa

21、nds of trees ( ) 13. Kate is _ girl. Shes very happy at school. A. a eighteen-year-old B. an eighteen-year-oldC. an eighteen-years-old D. a eighteen-years-old( ) 14. How tall is the wall?Its _.A. ten meters tall B. ten-meter tall C. ten meter tall D. ten-meters tall( ) 15. When he arrived at the air

22、port, Lee Minho found that fans were waiting for him there.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of( ) 16. Food Safety has become one of the hottest topics recently. Yeah, it receives _ Internet hits(点点击击) a day. A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. ten thousands4. 序数词在使用时，一般在其前

23、面加定冠the或物主代词等限定词。如：the first time 第一次 his second son他的第二个儿子5. 如果序数词前加定冠词a/an，则表示“又一，再一”。如：Ive tried twice. And I want a third try. 我已经试过两次了，还想再试一次。( ) 17. Susan lives on the _ floor and we are neighbors. A. four B. fourth C. fourteenD. forty( ) 18. To many foreigners, Guangzhou has become their _ ho

24、me town. A. two B. second C. the second D. twice( ) 19. Would you like to try _ time? A. two B. second C. a two D. a second6. 分数作主语时，谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定，如果不可数名词就要用单数，是可数名词则用复数。如：One third of the students in our class have been to the Great Wall. Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children.7. 表示时间

25、、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数。如：Ten years has passed. 10 kilometers is a long way to him. He is too tired.( ) 20. _ of the coats _ made of cotton. They feel comfortable. A. Two-thirds; is B. Two-thirds; are C. Two-third; is D. Two-third; are( ) 21. In that factory, _ of the work _ done by machines. A. fourth five; is B. four fifths;