连接两个数词

1、And 1.连接两个数词连接两个数词,相当于相当于plus,意为意为加加。 如：如：Whats three and six? 2. and常用来连接两个并列的词。常用来连接两个并列的词。A.连接名词。连接名词。如：如：There are two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box. 注意：注意：and连接两个词做主语时连接两个词做主语时,谓语要谓语要用复数形式。用复数形式。如：如：Two apples and a pear are on the table. 当当and连接两个相同的名词时表示反复、连接两个相同的名词时表示反复、强调。强调。如：如：W

2、e have books and books.我们有各种各样的书。我们有各种各样的书。B.连接动词。连接动词。 如：如：Come and meet my family. 注意注意:当当and连接两个相同的动词时连接两个相同的动词时,表表示动作的反复或强调。示动作的反复或强调。 如：如：He looks and looks. 他看了又看。他看了又看。C.连接代词。连接代词。and在连接代词时通常把第一人称在连接代词时通常把第一人称放在最后放在最后,这与汉语语序不同。这与汉语语序不同。如：如：you and I我和你我和你,he and I我和他。我和他。3.当当and连接几个并列的词时连接几个并

3、列的词时,只在最后只在最后的词前加的词前加and,其他词用其他词用,隔开。隔开。如：如：Where are Hangzhou, Changsha and Siping? 一、作为副词一、作为副词,它有以下的用法：它有以下的用法： 1. 作为疑问副词作为疑问副词,引导特殊疑问句引导特殊疑问句,意为意为“什么时候；何时什么时候；何时”。 （ 1 ） When will they come back？ （ 2 ） What time will they come back？when回答回答 when 引导的从句引导的从句,不一定指出不一定指出具体的时间点。如回答句（具体的时间点。如回答句（ 1 ）可

4、）可用用 tomorrow, next month 等。而回等。而回答答 what time 引导的问句引导的问句,则必须说则必须说出具全的时间点出具全的时间点, 如如 at two oclock, at five past ten 等等 2. 作连接副词作连接副词,引导名词性从句或不引导名词性从句或不定式定式,意为意为“什么时候什么时候”。从句使用陈。从句使用陈述句语序述句语序,时态根据实际情况而定。时态根据实际情况而定。 （ 1 ） Id like to know when they will come. 我想知道他们什么时候来。我想知道他们什么时候来。（ when 引导宾语从句）引导宾语

5、从句） （ 2 ） Can you tell me when the bank opens？ 你能告诉我银行什么时你能告诉我银行什么时候开门吗？（候开门吗？（ when 引导宾语从句）引导宾语从句）（ 3 ） When shell be back depends much on the weather. 她何时回来在很大程度上取决于天气。她何时回来在很大程度上取决于天气。（ when 引导主语从句）引导主语从句）（ 4 ） Have you decided when to go sightseeing？ 你们已经决定什么时候去郊游了吗？你们已经决定什么时候去郊游了吗？（ when 引导不定式结

6、构）引导不定式结构） 3. 作疑问代词作疑问代词,常和介词常和介词 since, till, up to 等连用等连用,意为意为“什么时候什么时候”。（ 1 ） Since when have they had the house？ 他们从什么时候起有这幢房子的？他们从什么时候起有这幢房子的？（ 2 ） Till when is the library open？ 图书馆开放到几点呢？图书馆开放到几点呢？4. 作关系副词作关系副词,引导限制性定语从句和非限引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。制性定语从句。如：如： （ 1 ） The days are gone forever when th

7、e Chinese people were looked down upon. 中国人民被人轻视的日子一去不复返了。中国人民被人轻视的日子一去不复返了。（ 2 ） The main school holidays are from mid-December till early February, when the days are long and warm. 学校的主要假期是从学校的主要假期是从 12 月中旬到月中旬到 2 月初月初,这段时间里白天长而且很温暖。这段时间里白天长而且很温暖。 （ 3 ） Considering （the time） when these paintings

8、were done, they are in excellent condition. （ 4 ） Do you remember （the time） when the three of us went on a picnic？ 你还记得我们三个人去野餐的那段时光吗？你还记得我们三个人去野餐的那段时光吗？在定语从句中在定语从句中, that 在某些条件下可用来代在某些条件下可用来代替替 when ,这时其先行词通常是这时其先行词通常是 time, day, moment, year 等。等。（ 1 ） His mother died on the evening that he was bo

9、rn. 他母亲死于他出生的那晚。他母亲死于他出生的那晚。（ 2 ） I stay at home on the days that I am not busy. 在我不忙的时候在我不忙的时候,我就呆在家里。我就呆在家里。 在某些含有在某些含有“时间时间”的名词词组后面的名词词组后面,由于该名词不表示时间由于该名词不表示时间,或整个名词词或整个名词词组已用作连词组已用作连词,所以不用所以不用 when 引导。引导。如：如： the moment, the instant, the minute, the second 等等等等,意为意为“一一就就”,引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。（ 1 ）

10、 The first time I went to China, I visited Beijing. 我第一次来中国就游览了北京。我第一次来中国就游览了北京。（ 2 ） I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她时就认为她很诚实。我第一次见到她时就认为她很诚实。（ 3 ） The instant I saw him I knew he was my brother. 我一看到他就知道他是我兄弟。我一看到他就知道他是我兄弟。 二、作为从属连词二、作为从属连词,引导状语从句引导状语从句,表示多表示多种语法意义：种

11、语法意义： 1. 表示时间表示时间,意为意为“当当时；在时；在的的时候时候”。 A. 在时间、条件等状语从句里在时间、条件等状语从句里,用一般现用一般现在时表示将来时；当需要表达将来完成在时表示将来时；当需要表达将来完成的意义时的意义时,必须使用现在完成时来代替。必须使用现在完成时来代替。（ 1 ） When you see him, please say hello to him. 见到他时见到他时,代我问他好。代我问他好。（ 2 ） When you have finished your experiment, please tidy the lab and put everything

12、back in the cupboards. 当你们做完实验后当你们做完实验后,请把实验室整理好并把请把实验室整理好并把物品放回柜子中。物品放回柜子中。B. 表示过去发生的事情表示过去发生的事情,在在 when 引导引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,动作动作发生在先的用过去完成时发生在先的用过去完成时,在后的用过在后的用过去时。去时。（ 1 ） When I was in Japan, I bought some beautiful pearls. 我在日本时我在日本时,买了一些漂亮的珍珠。买了一些漂亮的珍珠。（ 2 ） When I reached the sta

13、tion, the train had left. 当我到达火车站时当我到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。火车已经开走了。 2. 表示前面的叙述所没有提到过的信表示前面的叙述所没有提到过的信息。它总是对所描述的事件予以引人息。它总是对所描述的事件予以引人注目的强调注目的强调,意为意为“这时；突然这时；突然”；当；当位于句末的分句具有引种用法时位于句末的分句具有引种用法时,大致大致有以下三种情况：有以下三种情况：A. when 分句前面的分句使用过去进行时。分句前面的分句使用过去进行时。（ 1 ） He was still smiling when the door opened and his w

14、ife came in. 他正笑着的时候他正笑着的时候,门突然开门突然开, 他妻子走了进他妻子走了进来。来。（ 2 ） I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事时我正想着这件事时,突然听到有人叫我的名突然听到有人叫我的名字。字。B. when 分句前面的分句使用分句前面的分句使用 was （were） about to, was （were） on the point 等。等。（ 1 ） We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发就开始下雨了。我们刚要出发

15、就开始下雨了。（ 2 ） He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。他刚要走就有人敲门。 C. when 分句之前的分句用过去完成时分句之前的分句用过去完成时,其中其中 sb. had hardly / scarcely / barely when 已成为固定词组。已成为固定词组。（ 1 ） We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 我们刚刚入睡我们刚刚入睡,铃声就响了起来。铃声就响了起来。（ 2 ） He had scarcely

16、arrived when he had to leave again. 他刚刚到达就又要离开了。他刚刚到达就又要离开了。3. 表示条件表示条件,相当于相当于 if ,引导条件状语从引导条件状语从句。句。如：如： How can I get a job when I cant even read or write？ 如果我连读和写都不会如果我连读和写都不会,我怎么能找到我怎么能找到工作呢？工作呢？4. 表示对比表示对比,主要有以下两种情况：主要有以下两种情况：A. 相当于相当于 whereas, while, since, 意为意为“既既然；然而然；然而”。（ 1 ） How can I hel

17、p them to understand when they wont listen to me？ 既然他们不愿听我的既然他们不愿听我的,我又怎么能帮助他我又怎么能帮助他们弄明白呢？们弄明白呢？（ 2 ） They have only three copies when we need five. 他们只有三本他们只有三本,而我们却需要五本。而我们却需要五本。 B. when 从句中使用虚拟语气从句中使用虚拟语气,意为意为“本本来来却却”。（ 1 ） She paid when she could have entered free. 本来可以免费入场本来可以免费入场,而她却付了款。而她却付了

18、款。（ 2 ） She stopped trying when she might have succeeded next time. 她本来下次有可能获得成功她本来下次有可能获得成功,但她却不再但她却不再尝试了。尝试了。（ 3 ） They were gossiping, when they should have been working. 他们本该工作他们本该工作,却在那里说别人的闲话。却在那里说别人的闲话。5. 由由 when 等引导的状语从句等引导的状语从句,如果主语如果主语与主句的主语一致或是与主句的主语一致或是 it ,谓语动词又含谓语动词又含 be 动词时动词时,主语和主语和

19、be 动词常常被省略动词常常被省略,就就变成变成“ when + V-ing / V-ed / adj/ 介词词介词词组组”的结构。的结构。（ 1 ） When in Rome, do as Romans do. 入乡随俗。入乡随俗。（ 2 ） When （we are ） young, we are full of hope. 年轻时年轻时, 我们大家总是充满希望。我们大家总是充满希望。（ 3 ） Dont reach sideways when standing on a ladder. 站在梯子上时站在梯子上时,不要侧着身子去够东西。不要侧着身子去够东西。 一一. 作介词：作介词： 1.

20、 表示位置：在表示位置：在上上 Lucys coat is on the desk . Were going to work on a farm .onThere are many apples on the trees.I have them on this piece of paper.There was a big smile on her face.Jim and Li Lei meet on the road outside Li Leis house.Which channel is it on? 2. 表示时间：在表示时间：在（天）（天） Everyone eats moon c

21、akes on Mid-Autumn Day. They arrived early on a Tuesday morning. I eat moon cakes on that day. I was born on February 18, 1981. Either Tuesday or Wednesday is OK. Ill be free on these days. 二二. 作副词作副词,与动词连用与动词连用,构成短语：构成短语： 1. come on 跟我来跟我来,加油加油 “Come on !”they shouted. 2. get on上（车）上（车） Lets get on

22、 the bus.3. get on with（sb. ）与（某人相处）与（某人相处) )Usually we get on very well with each other.4. go on继续继续Autumn starts in August , and goes on to October.Go on until you reach the end.5. hold on（for a moment）别挂断电话别挂断电话,等一等等一等1 Today there are about two million Native Americans, and only about onethird o

23、f them still live on reservations.2 The early inhabitants formed tribes and prospered in North America.(c) Phrase + and + phrase(b) Sentence + and + sentenceand3 Try and find out more about the first Americans.4 Lots and lots of Cherokees were held in prison camps.5 Both Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse

24、 were from the Sioux tribe.(a) Both + phrase + and + phrase(d) try/come/go + and + verb(e) Word + and + same word1 I dont know exactly when he was born.2 When the settlers arrived, they wanted the land belonging to the Native Americans.3 We bought a map when we stopped for petrol.4 When you heat wat

25、er, it boils.5 Ill see you when I get there.when Now decide which sentence tells you：(a) that something always happen?(b) that something is likely to happen?(c) that something happened at the same time as something else?(d) that something happened after something else?(e) the time something happens?

26、453211 They couldnt agree on the issue of land rights.2 Sorry, I cant help you this week. Ive got such a lot on.3 The settlers didnt like what was going on.(b) happening(d) have a lot of activities(e) settle the argumenton4 The Apaches didnt get on with the other native tribes.5 Many people dont ear

27、n enough to live on.6 I dont think you should take on any more workyoure too busy already.(a) accept(c) have a good relationship with(f) surviveRoots is a novel written by the Afro American writer Alex Haley, who was born in 1921 (1) _ died in 1992.andComplete the passage with when, and, of or on.Th

28、e inspiration for Roots came from a series of stories the author heard from his grandmother (2) _ he was a child in Tennessee.The stories were about an African youth Kunta Kinte,who was born in the Gambia River region of West Africa.whenThe stories tell that Kunta Kinte, (3) _ he was just a boy, was

29、 caught by a slave - trader. He was shipped to Annapolis, Maryland in the US. According to the stories, the author, Haley, was a direct descendant of Kunta Kinte.whenKnowing this, Alex Haley decided to search for the roots (4) _ his family. He went to West Africa (5) _ talked to many people who live

30、d in villages (6) _ the Gambia River and might know of Kunta Kinte. ofandonAt length he discovered an elder, a bearer of oral history, who could tell the story (7) _ Kunta Kinte, almost exactly as Haleys grandmother had told him (8) _ she was an old lady in the 1930s. Overwhelmed by this discovery,

31、Haley rushed home to write the 726-page book Roots.ofwhen(9) _ the book was published, it became an immediate hit. (10) _ was translated into different languages, including Chinese. It was (11) _ the National Bestseller List for years (12) _ eventually won the Pulitzer Prize.Whenandonand 一、来到；来临。如：一

32、、来到；来临。如： Come to me, my boy. 孩子孩子,到我这儿来。到我这儿来。 The old man came for a meeting. 那老人来开会了。那老人来开会了。 二、开始。二、开始。 He comes to know he is wrong. 他开始认识到他错了。他开始认识到他错了。come 三、进入。三、进入。 如：如：John came into the classroom. 约翰进了教室。约翰进了教室。 四、用于一些固定搭配、成语、名言四、用于一些固定搭配、成语、名言中。中。 如：如：Easy come easy go. 来得容易去得快。来得容易去得快。

33、Winter comes, is spring far away？ 冬天来了冬天来了,春天还会远吗？春天还会远吗？ Come on, or youll fall behind.加油加油,不然你就落后了。不然你就落后了。 The girl came up with a question.那女孩提出了一个问题。那女孩提出了一个问题。 That story has come down from a long time ago.那个故事从很久以前就传下来了。那个故事从很久以前就传下来了。 1. (表示能力、功能表示能力、功能)能能,会会 The classroom can seat thirty st

34、udents. 这教室能坐三十位学生。这教室能坐三十位学生。 June can drive now. 琼现在会开车了。琼现在会开车了。can2. (表示可能性表示可能性)可能可能,可能会可能会 I think the work can be completed ahead of time. 我认为这项工作能提前完成。我认为这项工作能提前完成。 3. (表示允许、请求表示允许、请求)可以可以 You cant take the book out of the room. 你不可以将这本书拿出室外。你不可以将这本书拿出室外。 Can I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的笔吗我可以用一下

35、你的笔吗? 4. (表示命令表示命令)必须必须 If you wont keep quiet you can get out. 你如不保持安静你如不保持安静,就请你走。就请你走。 5. (表示偶然发生的可能性表示偶然发生的可能性)有时会有时会 It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. 那里有时容易刮风那里有时容易刮风,特别在春季。特别在春季。 6. (表示惊讶表示惊讶)究竟究竟;竟至于竟至于 What can it possibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事到底那是怎么一回事? （1）两者修饰可数单数名词时）两者修饰可数单数名词时,

36、表表“某某一个；任何一个一个；任何一个”； 修饰可数复数名修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词时词和不可数名词时,表表“一些；有些一些；有些”。Some和和any （2）一般的用法：）一般的用法：some用于肯定用于肯定句；句；any用于疑问句用于疑问句,否定句或条件否定句或条件句。句。 I am looking for some matches. Do you have any matches? I do not have any matches. 3）特殊的用法：）特殊的用法： (A) 在期望对方肯定的回答时在期望对方肯定的回答时,问问句也用句也用some。 Will you lend me so

37、me money? (=Please lend me some money.) (B) any表任何或任何一个时表任何或任何一个时,也可也可用于肯定句。用于肯定句。 Come any day you like. 4）some和和any后没有名词时后没有名词时,当做代名当做代名词词, 此外两者也可做副词。此外两者也可做副词。 Some of them are my students.代名代名词）词） Is your mother any better?（副词）（副词） 1 I can speak Russian.2 Can I wait here, please?3 Can you see th

38、at building over there?(a) to show ability(d) to ask for permission(c) to show that something is theoretically possiblecan4 Were early. We can wait here, or we can go home and come back later.5 Where can they have gone?6 Anyone can become good at spelling. It just takes practice. (b) to show that so

39、mething is possible(f) to make suggestions or talk about possible solutions to a problem(e) in questions1 Are there any/some Native Americans living in South Dakota today?2 I dont think I want some/any more, thanks.3 Take any/this book of your choice.any4 Is she getting any/not any better?5 I cant w

40、alk any/more further.6 Ill have some/any information for you later.During the California gold rush, many mines, especially in the south, were worked in by foreigners who (1) _ only for the gold. Complete the passage with any and the correct form of come and can.cameChinese, Chileans, Mexicans, Irish,Germans, French, and Turks al