9[1]初中英语语法讲义—情态动词

1、 初中英语语法讲义情态动词 姓 名 _一含义:情态动词表示说话人.对某种动作和状态的看法，但情态动词不能单独作谓语， 一般只能和动词连用构成谓语。 部分情态动词有过去式， 但没有人称和数的变化。二 情态动词的特征 1 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。2 无人称和数的变化（have to例外；用于第三人称单数时用has to）。如:We must stay here. He must stay here.We have to walk home. He has to walk home.3 后接动词原形，即不带to的不定式。 She may lose her

2、 way.4 具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句，疑问句及用于简明答语。-Can you sing an English song? -Yes, I can.三 情态动词的用法1.can, could的用法 表示能力，能，会 如: Can you play basketball? She can speak a little English. (06, 福建). -Let's go dancing tonight. -Sorry, I _. I have to go to a meeting. A. can't B. mustn't C. may not D. need

3、n't (06苏州)The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly（开玩笑地）called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow. A. should B. mustC. will D. can表怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句和疑问句中 He cant be in the room.（06，黑龙江课改）-Listen! Lily is singing. -That _be Lily. She is in the library.A mustn't B wouldn't C can'

4、t表请求或允许，都用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may 如: You can(may) go now.（06，甘肃金昌）-Could you please pass the book on the shelf to me? -_.A You are welcome B No, I couldn't C Certainly. Here you are. D Yes, I could(06四川)一Could I have a look at the photo of your family, Sam? 一Of course you _. A. may B. can C. could(06

5、湖州)Why is e-shopping getting more and more popular?It save a lot of trouble and time if it is properly used.A. need B. should C. can D. has to(05海淀)Excuse me, _ you tell me the way to the nearest bus station? Sorry, I cant. Im a stranger here. A. mayB. needC. mustD. cancould是can的过去式，可以表示过去的能力 如: I c

6、ould swim when I was seven years old.2 may的用法表推测，意为“可能，也许”，用于肯定句中 如: He may come tomorrow.（06山东济宁课改）-Ben, don't drive too fast. You _hit the others' cars. Amust Bcan Cmay Dneed(07苏州)-Is John coming by train?-He should ，but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A may B must C have to D should(07

7、朝阳一模)May I put my bike here? No, you _.Put it over there, please. A. neednt B. wont C. mustnt D. wouldnt(06沈阳).Whose guitar is this ? It _Alice. She plays the guitar.A. might be B. must be C. can belong D. might belong to(06绍兴)一Excuse me，is this the right way to No. 1 Middle School?一Sorry，I'm no

8、t sure. But it be. A. can B. need C. must D. may(03，天津）You _go and ask Meimei. She_ know the answer. A must; can B must; may C need; can D .can; may (07江西)-Are you going to Beijing by plane?-Its fast ,but expensive. So I am not sure. I _take a train. Ashould Bmay Cmust Dwill表请求，许可，意为“可以” May I borro

9、w your book? May表请求时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustnt ，不用may not，表“不可以，不许，阻止”。-May I go now? -No, you mustnt.（06，海南课改）-May I go out and play tennis, Dad? -Yes, but you_finish your homework first. A can B could C may D must(07内江)_ I swim in that river?No， you_. It's dangerous to swim in it.AMust， can&#

10、39;t BCan，may not CMay，mustn't表祝愿 May you success.3 must和 have to 的用法must 表主观看法，“必须”，“应该”, “have to”表客观需要,“不得不”、“必须”。We must return the book to the library on time. You have to wear sports shoes for you gym class. (06兰州)Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you know, her name is Joe. A.

11、mustB. mayC. canD. shall(06汕头)Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We stay in our classroom.A. should B. must C. had to(06怀化)You _ stop your car when the traffic light is red. A. must B. mayC. can (06盐城)-I cant stop playing computer games.-For you health, my boy, Im afraid you . A .can

12、B. may C. must D. have to(06辽宁)I enjoy the party very much, but I _ go home. Its too dark. A. have toB. mayC. mustntD. cantmust表肯定的,很有把握的推断，“必定,一定”, 比may 的可能性大, 只用于肯定句中，否定形式是“cant” 如：We must be very careful when we cross the road.(我们过马路时一定要非常小心)/ It must be Jack.(那准是杰克)/ I havent seen Kate today. Sh

13、e cant be here.(我今天没有看到过凯特,她不可能在这里)” Theres someone knocking on the door. It must be Jim.(06孝感)   Look! It _ be Jack on the playground. It _ be him. Because I saw him enter the school library just now. A. must, mustnt B. can, cant C. may, mustnt D. must, cant (06河北).-Listen! Is that Kate p

14、laying the piano in the room? -No. It be Kate. She has gone to London. A. may not B. needntC. mustnt D. cant (06锦州)That tall boy _be John. John is medium height.A. mustnt B. must C. cantD. might(06杭州)Where is mom now? -Im not sure. She _ be in the kitchen. A. shall B. may C. need D. must以must开头的一般疑问

15、句的否定回答常用neednt或dont have to，而不能用mustnt。 -Must I finish the work today? -No, you neednt.（06，四川课改）-Must I return the books to the library before Wednesday? -No, you_. Tomorrow is OK. A can't B mustn't C may not D needn't(07宣武一模)_the exam paper be handed in right now?No, it doesnt have to.

16、You may hand it in before 11:30.ACanBMustCShouldDMay(06福州)What did the head teacher say at the meeting? He said, “We _be proud of working hard. We mustnt be lazy.” A. must B. neednt C. may D. cant(06河南)一Must I go and do it now? No，you_ We still have two more days Ashouldnt BCant Cneednt Dwont(06徐州).

17、- Must I finish that work today? - No, you _. You may finish it in three days.A. mustnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. couldnt(06临沂)-Must we collect the waste paper and bottles now? -_.You can do it after class. A. Yes, you must B. No, you needn't C. Yes, you may D. No, you mustn'tmust 用于否定句中，表禁止。

18、 You mustnt park here.(06浙江)We _ talk loudly ,when we see the sign on the right.A. mustB. mustntC. needD. neednthave to 与must表“必须”意思相近。 have to 表示客观需要“不得不”，must 更多的强调主观上的原因。 Its raining heavily. I have to stay at home. You must study hard.（06，湖北黄冈课改）-What should we do first if we want to develop our

19、 village? -A lot of roads_, I think.A must build B have to build C must be build D have built（06，甘肃天水）I like the party so much, but I_ go home. A have to B mustn't C may D cant(06, 启东) Can I tell my best friend about it? No, I dont want anyone else to know it. You _ keep it to yourself.A. mustB.

20、 needC. canD. may4 shall过去式should; will过去式would的用法shall用于第一人称表征求意见，询问. Shall I open the window? Shall we have lunch here? （04，佛山）-What a nice boy!_ we go surfing? -Good idea! A Shall B Must C Need(06安徽)Shall I tell Sally about it? No, you . Ive told her already.A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. needntD. can

21、t(06武汉)Shall we go swimming this afternoon? Sorry, I _. I have lots of homework to do.A. mustntB. needntC. may notD. cant(06泰州)Never touch my computer while Im away . AI shouldnt BI mustnt CI wont D. I dontshould常用来表义务，责任。We should obey traffic laws. You should drink more water. （06，安徽）Although you

22、did well this time, you _look down on others. A had better B ought to C. shouldn't D wouldn'twill用于第二人称表询问，请求。也可以表达现在的“意愿”。如: Will you pass me the book? We will do anything for you.翻译句子:明天你有很多的事要做。_明天你来这吗 ？_ would可以表示现在的情况,表达说话人向对方提出的要求,语气比“will”婉转、客气。在日常会话中,“我想要”通常用“I would like to”或“I shou

23、ld(Id) like to”来表示。如：Would you like to have a rest at the moment?(你现在想要休息一下吗？) would用来表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。如:(1) Would you tell me the way to the station? (2)He would sit near the fire every time he returned home.(每次他回到家中总要坐在火炉边)(06徐州).- would you tell me how to get to Xuzhou Railway Station, please? - _.A. No, I couldnt B. Dont ask me C. Thank you all the same D. Certainly. You can take the No. 1 bus5 need的用法 need表示“需要” 作情态动词用于疑问句或否定句.