英语流利说懂你英语LevelUnit

1、懂你英语Level4Unit3Partiit3-1listening时间花费Lookatthese2piegraphs.Theyshowhowthese2peoplespendtheirdays,notincludingweekends.TheoneonthetopshowshowEmmadividesupherdays.Sheisadesignerwhoworksforacompany.AsEmma'sgraphshows,thebiggesportion部分ofherdayisspentworking.Sheworksanaverageof8hoursaday,whichisone

2、thirdofherday.Shegetsanaverageof6hourstosleepwhichis25%ofherday.That'slesssleepthanMartingets.Accordingtohisgraph,hegetsanaverageof7hourstosleepwhichisabout29%ofhisday.Ontheotherhand,Martinewhoisengineer,worksmorehoursthanEmmadoes.Martineaverage9hoursadayatworkcomparetoEmma's8.That's37.5

3、%compareto33%.Otherfactorsshowninthegraphincludedtimeformealsandcommutingtowork.Otheractivitiesincludegettingdressanddoinghouseholdchoressuchasdoinglaundryandpayingbills.Asyoucansee,forMartin,commutingistakingalargeamountofhistime.tjustthIfhecouldreducehiscommutetime,hewillhavemoretimeforotherthings

4、.AnditisnWhenthetrafficisreallyheavyhiscommuteisstressful.Itwillbegreatifhecanworkfromhomeoneortwodaysaweek.Helifewillbemoreenjoyable.AndwelookatEmma'sgraph,weseesheprobablyneedsmoresleep.Perhaps,sheshouldspendabitlesstimesocializingwithherfriends.Ontheotherhand,socializingwithherfriendissomethi

5、ngshereallyvalues.Asforputtingonmakeup,sheisn'twillingtochangethat.Forher,exercising,socializingandstayingbeautifulhelpherdealwiththestressfulwork.Inconclusion,EmmaandMartinbothwishthereweremorehoursinaday.Thisnextgraphshowshowvariousfactorscompareimportantto1350jobsapplicants.Applicantswerebetw

6、een20to25yearsago.Theywereaskedtolistwhichfactorsweremostimportantforagoodjob.Asthegraphshows,moneywasthemostimportantfactorfor25%oftheapplicants.However,otherfactorsarealsoimportant.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwastheworkenvironment.Inotherwords,formany,moneyiseverything.Peoplewanttolikewheretheywor

7、k.Infact,ifwecombineworkingenvironmentandco-workers,thetotalis35%.Thisiswellabovethe25%forsalaryandbenefits.Takingtogether,theyaremoreimportantthansalaryandbenefits.Careerpathisalsoimportantespeciallyforyoungerapplicants.Theywanttoseethattheirjobhelpstobuildasuccessfulcareer.Forolderworkers,thismayn

8、otbeasimportant.Olderworkersoftenputthehighervalueonthebalancebetweenlifeandwork.Whatdoyouthink.it3-1vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态Thegovernmentofacountryisacontrolsystem.Governmentsmakelawsandprovideservicestotheircitizens.Thelandoverwhichagovernmenthascontrolled,isitsterritory/'t?r?t?ri/领土.Acountry&#

9、39;sterritoryNsouindaries/'ba?ndri/orborders.Whenyouleaveorenteracountry'sterritory,youusuallyneedapassport.Theterritoryofacountryisdefinedbyitsboundaries.Acountry'smilitpovidesdefenseforitsterritoryanditscitizens.Themilitaryincludesanarmy,anairforceandanavy.Themainpurposeofamilitary,ist

10、odefendacountryfromattack.Acountry'scriminaljusticesystemincludesthepolice,courtsandprisons.Itspurposeistoenforcethelawandprotectthepeoplefromcriminalactivities.Acountrysocialservicessystemprovidessupporttopeopleinneed.Itprovidesbasichealthcareservicesandhelpspoorpeoplesupporttheirchildren.Anarc

11、hy/'?n?ki/n.混乱；无政府状态；无秩序autocracy/?'takr?si/n.独裁;独裁统治；独裁政府；独裁政体Oligarchy/'d?'gcrki/n.寡头统治的政府；寡头政治的执政集团；寡头统治的国家Astateofanarchyexitswhenacountryhasnoeffectivegovernment.Inanarchy,thereisnobodytomakedecisionsorenforcethelaws.Anautocracyisthesimplestformofgovernment.Inanautocracy,thegove

12、rnmentiscontrolledbysingleindividual,knownasautocrat.Whetherornotanautocracyissuccessful,dependsonthecharacterandabilityoftheleader.Inanoligarchy,asmallgroupofpeoplecontrolsthegovernment.Membershipinthisgroupoftendependsonfamilyconnection,wealthormilitarypower.Inarepublic,individualsareelectedtorepr

13、esentthecitizens.Thepowerofgovernmentinarepublicislimitedbyaconstitution.Aconstitutionisawrittendocumentthatmakestherulesforagovernmenttofollow.Thislimitsthepowerofagovernment.Aconstitutiondefinestherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentanditscitizens.it3-1dialogue谈论工作Ihearyoulostyourjob,isthatrightYes,th

14、at'sright.Iquit.Iquitbecausethewaymybosstreatspeople.Whathappen.Iwasn'tfeelinggoodonedayandheyelledatme.WhileItoldhimnottoyellat对.吼叫me,hethreatenedme.Isthatall.That'swhatbossesdo.Sure,sometimemaybe.ButmytreatedeveryonebadlyandIwastiredofit.Itwastheless*ThelaststrYes,itreachedthepointwher

15、eIcouldn'e.takeitanymorIsee.Sonowyoudon'thaveajob.Right,Idon'thaveajob.ButatleastIdon'thavetodealwithmybossthing.WhatareyougoingtodonowTobehonest,I'mnotsure.butI'llfinesomething.I'llgetajobevenifitpayslessthanbefore.Areyousorryforyourquit.Yesandno.IguessIshouldhavefoundan

16、otherjobfirstandthenquit.Whydidn'tyou.AsIsaid,hepushedmetoofar.ThereweresomethingsthatIjustwon'ttake.Whataboutyourwife.Sheisn'thappythatIdon'bbtasteeaijotlerstands.SheknowsIhavetemper.AndsheknowsIwasn'thappyworkingthere.Well,Igetsomeluck.Myjobisn'tgreat.butIlikethepeopleI'

17、;mworkingwithandIlikemymanageAreyouplanningtostaythereIdon'tknow.Fornow,itok.ESutofcourseitalldependsonhowthingschange.Wellifyouhearofanyjobopenings,letmeknow,OK.Sure,sendmeyourresumeandI'llletpeopleknowyou'relooking.Thanks.it3-2listening朗朗LangLangisoneoftheworldsgre/'kcns?t/pianist.

18、Hisfirstcontactwithwesternmusicwaswhenhewasjust2yearsold.Hewatchedthecanton/'k?nt?n/inwhichacatplayedafamouspiecebyFranzLiszt弗朗兹-李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）.Fromthisexperience,hedecidedhewantedtolearntoplaypiano.Whenhewas3andahalfyearsago,hestartedpianolessons.2yearslater,hewonfirstplaceinthepianocompetition.Th

19、isearlysuccessgavehisfathergreathopethatLangLandwillbecametheworldgreatestpianist.WhenLangLangwas9yearsago,hisfatherquithisjobandtookhimtoBeijing.Theylefteverythingbehindincludinghismotherwhohadtowork.LangLangdidn'twanttoleaveherbehindbuthisfatherinsisted.HisfatherwantedhimtostudyatfamousCentral

20、ConservatoryofMusic中央音乐学院.WhentheymovedtoBeijing,theyrentedaflatinapoorareaofthecity.Duringthistime,LangLangpracticedseveralhoursaday.Theystartedpracticingat5o'clockwhichupsethisneighbors.Theywouldoftenpoundon敲打hisdoorandaskhimtostoppracticing.Theyweresoangrythatheoftenfearedthattheywouldbeathim

21、up毒打.LangLangusuallyhadpianolessonsonceaweektopreparefortheconservatory/k?n's?v?t?ri/音乐学校.Nearly2000studentswereapplyingforjust12placesattheconservatory.Hislessonswereexpensiveandverydifficult,especiallybecauseofhispianoteacher.Hismusicteacherdidn'tlikeLangLang.HecalledhisteacherprofessorAng

22、rybecauseshealwaysgavehimahardtime.Oneafternoon,histeachertoldhimhehadnotalentandtoldhimtogohome.Hearingthenews,hisfatherscreamedandseemedtolosehismind.Hisfathertoldhimthateverythingwasdestroyedandtherewasnoreasontolive.HeorderedLangLangtojumpoff跳下来the11th-floorbalcony.Afterthis,LangLangalmostwentcr

23、azy.Hedidn'twanttoplaythepianoanymore.Forseveralmonths,heneitherplayedthepianonorspoketohisfather.Thensomefriendsencouragedhimtoplayapieceforthemandherealizedhisgreatloveofpiano.Forthenext19months,hepracticedhardandhisfatherencouragedhim.Finally,whenhewasten,hewasacceptedintotheConservatorywitha

24、fullscholarship.In1995,whenhewas13yearsold,heplayedmusicbyshow*atBeijingconcerthall.Inthatsameyear,hewonfirstplaceataninternationalcompetitionforyoungmusiciansinJapan.Whenhewas15,hemovedtotheUnitedStatesandbegantostudywiththefamouspianistatCinstitute.Sincethen,hecareerhasgrownandhehasbecomeamajorsta

25、r.tenOneoftheAmericanmusiccriticscalledhimthebiggestmostexitingkeyoftalentIhavenyearofattentionpianorecycles.In2010,LangLangsignedarecallingcontractforseveralmilliondollars.In2011,heperformedatwhitehouseforpresidentObamaofUnitedStatesandHuJintaoofChina.Withallofhissuccessandfame,LangLangtriestoencou

26、rageothers.Heuseshisfametospreadthepopularityofclassicmusicandencourageyoungmusicians.Andintheend,LangLangandhisfatherhaverebuilttheirrelationship.Inhisautobiography自传，Mr.Langdedicatedthebooktohismotherandfather.it3-2vocabulary财务、地理Apersondebtishowmuchheorsheowestoothers.Debtcanbeintheformofmoney,pr

27、oductsandservicesowestosomeoneelse.Ifyouborrowmoney,theyweretakingonnewdebt.Anassetissomethingthathasvalue,suchasmoney,propertyorevenanicepersonality.Assetscanbeusedtopayoffdebts.Specialized/'sp?'la?zd/knowledgeorskillsarealsoassetsthatcanbeusedtogetajoborearnmoney.Realestateispropertiessuch

28、asland,housesandbuildings.Buying,sellingorrentingpropertyisthebusinessofrealestate.Buyingorsellingrealestateispopularforinvestments.Inventoryisadetaillistofitemsinonepossession/p?*?n/.Inbusiness,one'sinventoryisthesupplyofitemsthatarereadyforsale.Ifastorerunsoutofthethingsforsale,itneedstoresupp

29、ly再供应itsinventory.Aninvestmentisthepurchaseofassetswiththehopethatitsvaluewillincrease.Agoodinvestmentcanproduceincome,suchasrentincome.Ifthevalueofthatassetsfalls,theinvestmentwilllosemoney.Chinaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworldbylandarea.AmajorissueforChinaisthecontinuing持续的expansionofitsdessert

30、swhichhadledtheduststormseachspring.Manyoftheworldmostpollutedcitiesarelocatedthere.AsiaisreferredtoasIndiansub-continent.It'scalledthesubntinent次大陆becauseitseparatedfromtherestofAsiabymountainsandsea.It'soneofworld'spoorestregionwithabout75%ofthepoorlivinginruralareas.Europeiswesternnei

31、ghborofAsia.It'sseparfomAsiabyUralMountains乌拉尔whichextentfor1500milesinthenorthsouthdirectionfromtheAntarctic/?nt?crkt?k/ocean.ThePhilippinesistheonlycountryinAsiawithamajorityofChristians/'kr?st?n/.ThePhilippinesisanislandNationwithover7000islands.It'slocatedonthesouthChinasea.Thecountr

32、y'scapitalcitMisnila马尼拉.Asiaistheworldlargestcontinentcoveringabout30%oftheearthlandarea.SeveralislandnationsarealsoapartofAsia,includingJapan.Theworld'stallestmountainisinAsia,includingountEverest埃佛勒斯峰.it3-2dialogue谈论投票选举Hey,haveyoudecidedhowyou'regoingtovoteNot,Ihaven't.Idon'tl

33、ikeanykindofcandidates.Soyouaren'tgoingtovote.Mu.Idon'tknow.Probablynot.Itseemslikeawasteoftime.Really,whydoyouthinkofawasteoftime?HaveyoulistenedtoanyoftheirspeechesYes,IhaveandIagreethattheirspeechesaren'tverygood.Exactly.Ican'tbelieveanythingtheysay.Theyarejustsayingwhattheythinkw

34、ewanttohear.Sure,youwanttogetelected.Iadmitthatthesystemisn'tperfectandithave:salwaysWhetherIvoteornotwon'tmakeadifference.It'salltheshow.Well,Ithinkyoushouldvote.Doalittleresearchaboutthecandidates.HaveyouYes,Ihave.Ihavelookedintotheirbackgroundsandtheireducation.HowcanthathelpForexampl

35、e,iftheyknowsomethingaboutscience,itcouldhelpthegovernmentmakeabetterdecisionaboutissuessuchasclimatechange.Yes,that'sgoodpoint.Weneedezteicatedpeoplemakedecisions.AndIlooktoseewhatkindofpeoplearesupportingthem.WhatissuesdoyouthinkaremostimportantIguessforme,pollution,housingandtaxesareimportant

36、.Iwanttoknowhowgovernmentplanstodealwiththeseissues.Yes,Iagreewithyou.MaybeIwillvote,especiallyifwecouldgettogetherandtalkmoreaboutit.WhataboutdinnertomorrownightSorry,Imbusytomorrownight.Oh,that'stoobad.DoyouhaveanytimeinthenextfewdaysIwilltakeyoutoanicerestaurant.Actually,I'mquitebusy.ButI

37、mayhavetimeSundayafternoon.Wehau®lunchsomeoneneartheoffice.Sure,thatwasforme.IwillgiveyouacallonSaturdayandwecandecidethedetails,okOK,Iwillbelookingforwardtoseeingwhichcandidateyousupport.L4Unit3-3listening蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybeesplayaninterestingandimportantroleinnature.Inadditionaltomakinghoney,hone

38、ybeeshelpmanyplantsreproduce.Theydothisbypollinatingtheplantwhichmeanstotransferpollen.Pollination授粉occurswhenpollen/'pd?n/花粉ismovedwithinaplantlowe'rortarriedtoanotherflower.Thisishowtheplantreproduce.Forreproductiontosucceed,thepollenmustbetransferredfromthemalepartoftheflowertothefemalepa

39、rt.Manyplantsdependonthepollenforreproduction.Thisincludedmanyfruitsandvegetables.Besidehoneybees,therearemanyotherpollinatorsincludingbirds,insectsandotherkindofbees.Withoutenoughpollinators,manyofourfavoritefruitsandvegetablewillbecomemoreexpensiveandhardtofind.Thisincludedalmondsandcherries.Honey

40、beeareimportantpollinatorsandplayanimportantroleinagriculture.Beekeepersarepeoplewhokeephoneybees.Inadditiontocollectinghoney,somebeekeepersprovidepollinationservicesforfarmers.Theydothisbyraisingandmanagingcolonies殖民地ofbees.Farmersneedcoloniestopollinatetheircrops.Beekeeperscanprovideandmanageofbee

41、coloniestofarmers.Honeybeesaresocialinsectsthatliveincolonies.Abeecolonyconsistsofaqueenbee,maledrones雄蜂andthousandsofmaleworkerbees.Eachcolonyalsocontainseggsandimmature未成熟的beesinvariousstageofdevelopment.Thenumberofbeeswithinacolonydependsontheseasonalchanges.Acolony'spopulationincreasesduring

42、thermaseasonanddecreasesduringthecolderseason.Inrecentyear,manybeecolonieshavecollapsedordisappeared.Abeecolonycollapsesoccurswhenamajorityofbeeincolonydisappearandleavebehindthequeen.Somebeekeepershavereportedlosing30to90%oftheircolonies.Thislossofbeecoloniescancausesignificantproblemsforfarmerswho

43、dependonthemtopollinatetheircrops.Insomepartsoftheworld,ashortageofbeeshasincreasedthecostofrentingbeesbyupto20%.Thereareseveralpossiblecausesforbeecolonycollapse.Onepossiblecollapseistheuseofnewpesticides农药.Otherpossiblecausesincludeinfectionsfromviruses,geneticfactors遗传因素andmalnutrition（营养不良）Chang

44、ingweatherpatternsmayalsoplayaroleassummersgethotterandwintersgetcolder.Thesechangesinweathermayweakenthebees,makingitmoredifficultforthemtofightinfections.Whateverthecausesofcolonycollapse,it'importanttounderstandthatmanypartsofourworldareinterdependent.Changesthateffectononespeciesmayhaveserio

45、useffectsonotherspecies.Achangetoourenvironment,canstartachainofeventthatisdifficulttopredict.Inanycomplexsystemsuchastheearthenvironment,smallchangescancauseaunconsequences.Thedangerofunconsequencesissomethingthatweallneedtounderstandbetter.L4Unit3-3vocabulary商品、服务和工作Goodsandservicessupplywhatpeopl

46、eneedorwant.Goodsarethingssuchfoodandclothing.Servicesincludedthingssuchashealthcareandpoliceprotection.Acountryneedsnaturalandhumanresources.Naturalresourcesincludefreshwatersupplies,farmlandandenergysourcessuchasoilandwind.Humanresourcesincludesaskilledworkforcethatcanproducegoodsandservices.Oncew

47、ehadsuppliesofgoodsandservices,theyneedtodistributethroughoutthecountry.Highwaysandrailwaysarebothwaytotransportthingfromonepartofcountrytoanother.Electricityaredistributedthroughasystemoftransmitionlines.Weliveinanageofadvertising.Advertisingletspeopleknowaboutgoodsandservices.Iteducatespeopleabout

48、aproductbeingadvertised.Tradeallowsfortheexchangeofgoodsandservicesbetweendifferentcountries.Exportsaregoodsandservicesthataresoldtoanothercountry.Importsaregoodsandservicesthatarebroughtfromothercountry.Forexample,manycountriesimportoilfromcountriessuchasSaudiArabia沙特阿拉伯.Employeesarethepeoplewhowor

49、kforacompany.Someemployeesdobasicworksuchasoperatingamachineordrivingatrack.Peoplewhohireanddirecttheworkofotheraremanagers.Interviewisonewaytofindoutaboutapersonwhoappliesforajob.Inaninterview,theapplicantscanaskquestionaboutacompanyandcompanycanfindoutaboutapersonandexperience.Anentrepreneurissome

50、onewhostartsacompany.Entrepreneursoftenhavenewideasandwaysofdoingthingsthatcangivecompanyadvantage.Salaryandbenefitsareusedtoattractnewemployeesintoacompany.Ifthesalaryandbenefitsaregoodenough,employeesmaytakeajobandstaywiththecompany.Benefitsincludesvacationtime,healthinsuranceandbonusesforemployee

51、swhodoagoodjob.Whenapplyforjob,it'simportanttohaveskillsandexperienceneededforthejob.Developingandincreasingskillsandexperienceisgoodwaytoprepareforajob.Eachjobapersonhasisanopportunitytolearnnewthingsanddevelopnewskills.Advertisestrytoincreasetothedemandforaproductorservice.Educationandtraining

52、arewaystodevelopaskilledworkforceunforeseenL4Unit3-3dialogue谈论租房与房东Youdon'tlookopd,issomethingbotheringyou?Yes,it'itamylord房东.Oh,isitsomethingwrongwithyourflat.No,that'snotsomethingwrongwiththeflat.ButIWhydidyouhavetomoveoutForthelast2month,afriendhasbeenstayingwithme.Shestayeduntilsheco

53、uldfindajob.That'sniceofyou.Yes,butI'mnotsupposedtohaveanyonestayingthere.Wasthatintherentalagreement?Yes,itwas.It'sokifafriendstayevodaysbutnotformorethanthat.Soyoubroketheagreementeventhoughitwasforagoodreason.Anyway,oneofmyneighborstoldthelandlordsaboutmyfriend.SonowIsaysshecan'tt

54、rustme.That'sridiculous.ItoldheraboutmyfriendandhowIWow,shedoesn'tsoundverynice.That'sright,sheisn'tnice.She'sjustinterestedinmoney.Infact,sheisgsajcgrttykteepomy押金.Howcanshedothat?Nothingisdamaged,right.Right,everythingintheflatisfine.She'skeepingthedepositbecaeIbroketherent

55、alagreement.Whataboutyourrent?Yes,that'sanotherproblem.Ialreadypay3monthsrentsoIhopeIcangetitback.Whatcanyoudoifshedoesn'?treturnitIdon'tknow.Itoldtomyagent.He'sniceandmaybehecanhelp.MaybeIshouldrefusetoleavetheflatuntilIgetitback.Besuretotakepictureofyourflat.WhatforJusttoshowthecon

56、ditionofyourflat.Thenshecan'tsayyourfrienddamageditanyway.Goodidea.She'sa-rniaded心胸狭窄的，evilwoman.Ishouldneverhaverenteditfromherinthefirstplace.L4Unit3-4listening职业WhatkindofcareeristhebestandwhatkindofqualificationOneofmostpopularcareersforkidsisthetobecomeanastronaut.Manykidsdreamofgoingsp

57、acewhentheygrowup.Theydreamofworkonaspacestationorexploringdeepspace.Tobecomeanastronaut,it'simportanttohavetherightbackground.'mgoingtohavetomoveout.'mtryingtohelpher,butshedoesnManyastronautshaveabackgroundinengineering,physicsormedicine.Sometimestheyhaveamilitarybackground,suchasflyin

58、gmilitaryaircraft.Asforpay,astronautcanearnagoodsalarybutnotgreat.Anotherpopularcareeristobecomeamusicianoractor.Manykidsdreamofbecomeafamoussingerormoviestars.mintrouble.Thelandlordisatcare.kdeeeppoHowever,mostofmusicianoractordon'tdaecomefamTheyareusuallypaidbythehourorbytheperformance.Onlyaveryfewhavelotsofmoney.Sothebestadviceisnottobeamusicianoractorunlessthat'syourrealpassion.Becomingaprofessionalathleteisanotherdreamjobformany.It'iseitoimagineplayafavoritesportandgettingpaidforit.However,becomingafamousathletetakesal