音标发音规则表

1、1、音素：音素是英语中最小的语音单位，英语中有48个音素，其中元音20个，辅音28个2、音标：是记录音素的符号，用于区别字母，因而需加“”或“/aeeaa:au3、48个音标rH!9：3收0：元音d一回oi网paceuaau门sJV2*Btlt协drdzMtkbd助辅音mn可WJIhI4、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的单词，叫开音节单词。在开音节单词中，元音字母发它本身的音。5、重音：读单词时总有一个响亮的音节叫重读音节，以口”来标记。6、句子重读：一般原则：有句子重读的是名词、动词、形容词、数词、副词、感叹词等。关键性原则：在一定场景下传递新信息的关键词要重读。7、连读

2、：同一句群中，前一词以辅音音素结尾，后一词以元音音素开头，在语流中将这两个音素合拼在一起读，这种现象叫“连读”。1、字母或字母组合在重读音节或非重读音节中的读音A）元音字母在单词中的读音人首字母it#说明例词a/ei/住重读开音节中name,make,plane,grade,cake,date,page,safe,face,gate/e/在ny前any,many,anyone,anything由在重读闭音节中map,fat,sad,back,hand,catch,hat,bad,glad,black,thank,act在w或wh后wash,want,watch,what小"在s,ss

3、,st前past,flash,last,glass,pass,class,basket/o:/在w后偶尔发Jn：/wateryta/ar分开发音一|Mary,parent阳/在非重读音节中another,along,asleep,away,among,around在非重读音节中village,comrade,palace士士儿日了母it#说明例词e川住重读开音节中me,be,we,he,she,these,Chinese/e/在重读闭音节中get,rest,mend,next,left,then,help,wet,forget,dress,sell,spell;印er分开发音zero向在非重读

4、音节中open,moment,September川在非重读音节中ticket,begin,behind,cinema,betweeni(y)/ai/在重读开音节中time,drive,ride,knife,wife,smile,why,sky,dry,try,fly,spy,July小在重读闭音节中hit,ill,lift,kill,twin,drink,pick,ship,wind,thin,ship,physics心电读开音节中police,machine同在非重读音节中April,holiday,beautiful|；i/|在非重读音节中office,instead,finish,cit

5、y,family,reallyo/au/住重读开音节中go,ago,nose,hope,whole,alone,hole,phone,smoke,joke何在重读闭音节中clock,sock,shop,dog,cross,cock,bottle,knock,song,strong挣在m,n,v,th前love,son,some,mother,other心/woman在某些重读开音节中move,lose,who,whose/wVone,once同在非重读音节中today,tomorrow,together,secondAJ/在非重读音节中onto,intou/ju7读音节中use,student

6、,duty,excuse,music在重读闭音节中but,cut,up,nut,duck,luck,lunch,sunnyAJ/在重读闭音节中put,pull,push,full在重读开音节中June,rulerii在个别单词中busy,business在非重读音节中AugustB）辅音字母在单词中的读音辅首字母it#例词辅首字母it#例词b/b/busp/p/mapc/s/niceq一般不单独及日/k/cupr/r/redd/d/days/s/yesf/f/fly/z/pleaseg冏gate4/sure，电，orangeusuallyh/h/het/t/catj应tjeepv/v/live

7、k/k/kitew/w/wayl/l/latex/ks/nextm/m/myVgz/examplen/n/niney/j/year0unclez/z/zero重点辅音字母读音讲解:n在单词中的读音n在一般情况下发/n/。如：kind,need,soon等。口后面为辅音音素fkJ,幻/时发口如：think/卸口，hungryhAQgri/juncle/*口kl偿口该规则不包括加前缀un构成的单词.如：unclean/nklitrV1不清洁的）等。s在单词中的读音s在单词开头通常读/s/。如：sit,stop等。Ds后面的辅音字母发清辅音时读/s/。如：desk,past,question,mis

8、take等。以s结尾的复数名词，s前的辅音字母发清辅音时，词尾s读/s/。如：clocks,shops等。ss在单词中读/s/。如pass,lesson等。s在两个元音音素之间常读/z/。如：music/'mju:zik/,visit/'vizit/等。9后面是浊辅音时读总益如,husband/hAzband/,：zrVo加s构成的复数名词及单数第三人称动词形式中，s前面为浊辅音或元音时，s读/z/。如：bags,plays,blows,rulers等。以加开头的极少数单词中，s常读小能如：sure/JuaAsugar/台读片/仅限于usually,pleasure等极少数单词

9、其中的元音字母组合有的只发一种音，有的发两种C）元音字母组合在单词中的读音儿日子母组合it#说明例词ea/i:/在重读首ij中team,clean,sea,tea,east,cheap,easy,speak,season,read/e/在重读首ij中head,bread,ready,weather,health；a/在重读首ij中idea,real,really/ei/在重读音节中great,breakai/ei/在个别重读音节词中train,rainwait,waiter/e/在重读首ij中said,says/i/在非重读音节中mounLfiuVhiaudiE山ee/i:/在重读首ij中se

10、e,bee,free,sheep,feel,meet,need,green,asleepey/ei/在重读首ij中they,hey,obey（遵守）/i:/在个别重读音节词中key/i/在非重读音节中monkey,moneyeo/i:/在重读首ij中peopleei/i:/在重读首ij中receive/ri'si:v/（收到）/ei/在字母组合eigh中eight,eighteen,weighouZaU/在重读自|J中ground,round,around,out,mouse,blouse这类字母组合通常有两个元音字母组成,或两种以上的音。tN在重读音节中young,country,t

11、ouch,enough,double/u:/在个别重读音节词中group由在情态动词中could,should,wouldue/u:/e不发音blue/e/u不发音guessit#说明例词儿日子母组合oo/u:/词尾或词中zoo,soon,food,cool,tooth,noon,foolAJ/在k或d前cook,look,took,good,foot,wood在l和d之间hlootVblAd/（面）oa在重读自|J中coat,goat,boatoy/oi/在重读自|J中boy,enjoy,joy,toyoi9在重读自|J中toilet,oil（油）ie/e/不发音friend/i:/在重读自

12、|J中field,piece,thief（贼）Zaiia/在个别单词中quiet/ai/在词尾lie,die,tieauay在重读音节中autumn,daughter,August/3：/ei/在个别重读音节词中在重读音节中aunttoday,away,stay,may,say,play/i/在非重读音节中Monday,Sundayui/u:/在重读音节中fruitoe/u:/位于词尾shoeio沁口在重读音节中pioneeruy/ai/重读音节，词尾buyye/ai/重读音节，词尾byeD）辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合通常有两个辅音字母组成，大部分辅音字母组合只有一种读音，有少数辅

13、音字母组合有两种或两种以上读音。母组合it#说明例词ch/tj/大部分单词中which,lunch,chair,China,teach/k/在少数单词中school,chemistry/'kemistri/（化学）小在个别单词中machineck/k/一般位于词尾clock,back,black母组合it#说明例词ngJ"在词尾sing,song,bring,seeing在词中English,hungry,angry,strongersh小匚在同首、词中或词尾shall,fishing,finish,washPh/f/一般在词首phone,photo,physics/'

14、;fiziks/（物理）wh/h/后为。时who,whose,whole/w/后为其它元音字母时when,which,why,wheregh/f/一般在词尾laugh,enough,coughth应在词尾或以th开头的名词、动词、形容词、数词中both,tooth,fifth,south,thing,think,thick,third/e/在ther中及代词、冠词、连词或副词中another,feather,them,with,than,thenwr/r/在词苜write,wrong,writerkn/n/在词苜know,1cnifenknoirledge/holicfe/（知识）tch用，c

15、atch,match,watchdr/dr/一般位于同首drive,dry,dress,drinktr/tr/一般位于同首tree,truck,train,trousersds/dz/一般在词尾beds,finds,handsts/ts/一般在词尾students,lets,boats,cats,wantsE）元、辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合有两类：一类是一个或两个元音字母与r组合，构成-r音节或-re音节。这是主要一类元辅音字母组合。另一类是一个元音字母与除r以外的某个辅音字母组合。这类元辅音字母组合数量很少。兀、辅首字母组合it#说明例词ar/ar/重读音节中far,park,c

16、ard,party,hard,start,March,farther,hardly（几乎不）由，在w后warm,war,warn（警告）,quarter间非重读音节中popular,similarer/a:/重读音节中her,term,certainly,preferLj/e；1非重读音节中farmer,worker,writer,letter,waiter兀、辅首读音说明例词字母组合ir/s:/重读音节中girl,shirt,first,third,bird,dirty重读音节中short,sport,horse,born,northor/B/在w后work,word,world,worse

17、,worstM非重读音节q中doctor,visitor（游客）ur/e:?重读音节中turn,hurt（受伤），Thursday,purple,purseare是9f重读音节中care,careful,hare川重读音节中near,hear,clear,dear,nearly/e:/重读音节中early,earth,learn,heardear,加合/少数词中tear,pear,bear（熊）电:，个别词中heartere府W重读音节中where,thereMbJ重读音节中hereore势7重读音节中before,more,scoreire为面重读音节中tired,hire（雇用）,fire

18、（火）eer7同重读音节中deer（鹿）,pioneerAJa/重读音节中sureurej/e/j非重读音节中pleasure,picture,treasure（财宝）eir/tea/重读音节中theirair重读音节中chair,hair,pair,fair（金色的）our由，重读音节中four,fourth,course,pour（倒；灌注）/hua/重读音节中hour/e/非重读音节中colouroor一般读好，door,floorAJ卬个别词中pooralVo7一般读也:/call,walk,talk,tall,small以al开头的副词also,always,already,almo

19、st个别词中half兀、辅首读音说明字母组合例词ow俯W重读或非重读音节中slow,blow,show,snow,throw,window,yellow,borrow,tomorrow招W重读音节中now,how,cow,down,brownew力一般读/ju:/few,knew,news,newspaper不规则动词过去式中threw,drew,flew,grew归5个别词中sew（缝纫）tion4an/一般读“白0station,dictionary,operation/tfan/在s后questionaw冷:/重读音节中draw,law（法律）dge/d3/只有g发音bridge,fri

20、dge,judge（法官）igh/si/只有i发音light,night,bright,fight,highough/o?/只有ou发自bought,brought,thoughtaugh73：/只有au发自daughter,taught,caughtind/aincK三个字母都发音kind,find,mind,behindoldZeulcK三个字母都发音sold,told,cold,holdF）不发音的字母和字母组合英语单词的读音和拼写形式虽然联系紧密，但并不是完全对应的，有很多单词中的某一字母或几个字母不发音。单词不发音的字母中，既有元音字母或字母组合，也有辅音字母或字母组合。不发音的字母

21、或字母组合给拼写单词带来了一定的困难，但也不是无规律可循的。请看下表：不发音的字母或字母组合说明例词e以e结尾的相对开音节词中rice,noseo构成成首节的-son中lesson,season,personugu在词首时guessea在个别词中beautifuluegue在词尾时dialogue,league不发音的字母或字母组合说明例词b在词尾且其前面为字母m时climb,tomb/tu:m/坟墓g词尾为gn时sign,foreignkkn在词开头时know,knifenmn在词尾时autumngh在i,ou,au后面时light,night,thought,daughterl在ould或

22、个别含al的词中could,would,halfc在含tch的词中catch,watch,matchd在含dge的词中bridge,fridgewwr位于词首时write,wrong其它ss,rr,ff,mm只发一个字母的音lesson,worry,bell,office,swim-minganswer,hour,island,Wednesday含同一种读音的字母和字母组合A）按兀首首素归纳元音字母及字母组合例词元音字母及字母组合例词/i:/ebeqq/i?itwinetheseiliveeesheepeEnglisheateamowomeniepieceubusyipolicemanysydneyeopeopleuibuildeykeyaglad/e/erestahaveeaheaduruleriefriend/u:/omoveamanyueblue元音字母及字母组合例词元音字母及字母组合例词1Wafastoofoodarparkougroupalhalf/u:/uifr