非谓语动词的用法比较

1、非谓语动词的用法比较promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。）1、动词不定式与动词-ing（动名词）作主语时的比较：不定式作主语通常表示“具体动作”或“某个特定的情形”。动名词作主语通常表示“抽象动作或泛指一样情形”。如：It'snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.（特指）Smokingisabadhabit,whichyoushouldgetridof.（泛指）2、动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词、此刻分词）与过去分词作表语时的比较：（1）动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词）作表语时，前者

2、表示某一具体动作，专门是将来的动作，而后者表示比较抽象的一样行为。如：Ourjobtodayistosweepthefloor.Theantqueen'jobislayingeggs.（2）此刻分词、过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特点和状态。如：ThenewsIheardjustnowisveryastonishing.Thecarisbrokenandwehavetohaveitrepaired.3、动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词、此刻分词）与过去分词作定语时的比较：（1）动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词）作定语时，前者放在被修饰名词的后面，后者那么放在被修饰名词的前面，说明其所

3、修饰名词的用途。A.Shewasthefirstwomantoclimbthehighestmountainintheworld.（修饰被序数词、最高级或no,allany等限定的中心词。）B.ShehasnoabilitytoreadandwriteChinese.（抽象名词常见的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,borrowedsomebooksintendedforchildrentoreadduringmyholiday.（表以后）D.asittingroom=aroomforsitting（2）此刻分词和过去分词作定语，单个的常放在被修饰名词的前面，

4、说明其所修饰的名词的性质或特点；如是短语，常放在被修饰的名词后面，前者相当于一个定语从句，表示“说话时正在进行”或“与谓语动词同时进行”或“常常性”的动作；而后者也相当于一个定语从句，分词所表示的动作一样“先于谓语动词所表示的动作”或“没有必然的时刻性的动作”。A. Tomisgoingtoattendtheweddingpartyintwodays.B. Thegirldancinghappilyisafriendofmine.=Thegirlwhoisdancinghappilyisafriendofmine.C. Therearemorepollutedriversandlakesnow

5、thaninthepast.D. Thegunsstolenfromthepolicestationwerefoundinadesertedhouse.=Thegunswhichhadbeenstolenfromthepolicestationwerefoundinadesertedhouse.E. 动词不定式、动词-ing（此刻分词）与过去分词作状语的比较：F. ）动词不定式作状语，用来修饰动词或形容词，一样作目的、结果或缘故状语，多置于句末。A. TheywenttoChinatovisittheirrelativesandfriends.（表示目的）B. Hewokeuptofindev

6、erybodygone.（表示结果）C. Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.（表示程度）D. I'mverysorrytohavetroubledyousomuch.（表示缘故）表本条件）E. Totellyouthetruth,Ihavegotnomoneyaboutme.（2）动词-ing（此刻分词）与过去分词作状语，用来修饰名词，一样作时刻、缘故、妥协、方式状语，置于句首；还可作伴随，置于句末。A.Beingahard-workingstudent,hesucceededinthemathsexam.=Ashewasahard-workingstu

7、dent,hesucceededinB. Workinginthecity,Tomhadawonderfultime.=Whenheworkedinthecity,Tomhadawonderfultime.C. Ilethimin,sayingthatIwashisuncle.D. Markfinishedhishomework,takingalongtimeoverit.5、过去分词与此刻分词被动完成式的比较：（1）在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语时，用过去分词，而不用此刻分词完成式。如：Welivedinthehousebuiltin1989.（定语）Thecup,whichIborrowe

8、dfrommyfriend,isbroken.（表语）Ifoundthemanshotdeathbehindthetree.（宾语补足语）（2）在句中作状语时，一样情形下可互换。但不强调时刻前后，只强调动作的被动时，用过去分词，不用此刻分词的被动完成式。如：Caught（Havingbeencaught）intherain,hewasallwet.Havingbeenshowninthelabs,wewenthomehurriedly.（强调完成）Theboyreturnedhome,followedbyhisparents.（强调被随着）单项选择题1. Thedoorofthesuperma

9、rketremained,thoughit'snearlyteno'clock.Itseemedverystrange.A.lockingB.lockedC.havinglockedD.beinglocked2. Iinsistedthatthethieftobeputintoprison.However,thelawyerdidn'tagree.A.referredB.referringC.havingreferredD.refer3. Tomtoldaliewhensomequestionsbytheteacher.A.askingB.askC.toaskD.ask

10、ed4. Therulesthatpunishthestudentsfortheirbadactionsandhabitsgetthestudents.A.toworryB.worryingC.worriedD.worry5. bythebeautifulsceneryofThreeGorges,theseAustraliansdecidedtospendanotherweekinYichang.A.TobeattractedB.AttractedC.AttractingD.Beingattracted6. Unless,myfatherwon'tgototheirweddingpar

11、ty,whichisthoughttobeheldtomorrowevening.A.inviteB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited7. Whenhecamebackfromwork,hefoundhishouseinto.Withouthesitating,hecalledthepolice.A.brokeB.brokenC.tobreakD.havingbroken8. byhisfriendsandparents,hehadtogiveupdrinkingandsmoking.A.CriticizingB.HavingCriticizedC.Havingbeenc

12、riticizedD.Beingcriticized9. TheteacherdevotedhimselftotheParty'seducation,makinghimselfagoodexampleforus.A.retiringB.toretireC.retiredD.beingretired10. Theyturnedroundandstoodinthemiddleoftheroom,completely.A.astonishedB.astonishingC.toastonishD.havingastonished11. Therewasagunandathinpieceofro

13、pewiththeendinacircle.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tiedD.tying12. Thecolleaguesdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.tocarryoutD.carriedout13. Theresearch,referredtobytheprofessor,issodesignedthatoncenothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begunB.havingbegunC.beginsD.tobegin14.

14、 Thereseemedtobenothingtodobutforthedoctor.A.left,tosendB.leaving,sendC.leave,sendD.left,send15. Youbrotherseemseverything.Therefore,you'dbetterlethimallthetruth.A.tobetold,knowingB.totell,toknowC.tohavebeentold,knowD.tobetelling,known16. Charlieissaidabroadlastyear,hiswifealoneathome.A.tohavest

15、udied,leaveB.tostudy,leavingC.tohavestudied,leavingD.tostudy,leave17. Mary,ofthespeech,begantotalktoherclassmatenexttoher.A.tiring,boredB.tired,boredC.tiring,boringD.tired,boring18. Mark,agoodfriendofmine,hadtoshouthimselfabovethesoundofthemusic.A.making,hearB.tomake,hearC.making,heardD.tomake,heard

16、19. Iheardthedoorbellringwhilealettertomyparentsintheroom.A.towriteB.writingC.writtenD.havingwrittensentKateane-mail,togetfurtherinformationabouthowtolearnEnglishwell.A.hopedB.hopingC.hopeD.tohopearesult,thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.Thethiefwasnowputintoprison.A.thethiefbeingcaughtB.thethiefhaving

17、caughtC.thethieftobecaughtD.catchthethiefreallycouldn'tunderstandthemlikethat.Theywereverydisappointed!A.metreatB.metreatingC.metotreatD.metreatedusuallygotoBeijingbytrain;butI'IIbyairforachange.A.trygoingB.trytogoC.havetriedgoingD.havetriedtogofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtomearule.A.tone

18、verbreakB.nevertobebrokenC.nevertohavebrokenD.nevertobebreaking25. Thelostchilddesirednothingbuthome.A.goB.togoC.tohavegoneD.went26. Thereisnothingbutdownandwaitforhimback.A.tobedone,tosit,comingB.todo,sit,comeC.todo,tosit,tocomeD.todo,sittocome27. -Marywantedtouseyourbikeyesterday.-ButIaskedher.A.nottoB.nottouseC.donotuseC.notuseit.s impossible to