中考英语（毕节）总复习语法专题讲义：专题14　复合句

1、.专题十四复合句毕节五年中考命题规律及趋势近五年毕节中考考情分析2019年毕节中考命题预测年份考察角度考察重点题号分值预计2019年毕节中考对复合句的考察仍是重点，倾向于考察状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句关系词的用法，主要以单项填空、情景交际的形式出现，考察的小题数约34道。2019状语从句的用法结合语境选择if引导的条件状语从句261宾语从句的用法结合语境和答语选择when引导的宾语从句3012019定语从句的用法关系代词that在定语从句中的用法30 12019/2019/2019宾语从句的用法where引导的宾语从句的语序241毕节中考考点打破宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中

2、考主要考察的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态。1宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/when/where/who等。1that引导的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分， that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完好。如：She said that her mother was a teacher.她说她的妈妈是一名老师。2whether或if引导的宾语从句if，whether引导的宾语从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。如

3、：Let me know whether/if you can come to the party.让我知道你是否能来聚会。I don't care whether you like the story or not.我不关心你是否喜欢这个故事。注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if接带to的动词不定式。如：She doesn't know whether to go to the zoo.她不知道是否去动物园。与or not连用时。如：I'm not sure whether or not he will come on time.我不确定他是否能准时来。3疑问

4、词引导的宾语从句此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由疑问词引导。包括who，whom，whose，what，which，where，when，how，why等。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。如： Could you tell me what time it is now？你能告诉我如今几点了吗？2宾语从句的三个本卷须知1语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。如：How old is the man？这个男人多大了？ He wants to know how old the man is.他想知道这个男人多大了。2时态：假

5、如主句是一般如今时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。如：He says he will go to Beijing in a week.他说他将在一周之内去北京。He says he has been to Beijing.他说他已经去过北京。假如主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。如：The boy said he was watching TV at that time.男孩说在那个时候他正在看电视。假如宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般如今时。如：Our teacher told us the earth runs around the sun.我们的老师告诉我们地球围

6、着太阳转。单项填空。C1.新信息题I wonder _ you think of the film Shadow?影?Great.Awhich Bhow Cwhat DthatB2.2019毕节中考模拟Excuse me，do you know _？Sure，there is a bookstore down the street near there.Awhere can I get some postcardsBwhere I can get some postcardsChow can I get some postcardsDwhen I can get some postcards定

7、语从句用从句作定语的句子叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面，这个名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系代词或者关系副词。关系代词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语、定语等。关系副词代表先行词在从句中可以作状语。1what不能引导定语从句。2关系词的运用须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。1领先行词是人，指人的关系代词有who，whose，whom，that。如：The old man who/whom/that we met yesterday is a famous scientist.我们昨天遇到的老人是一位有名的科学家。She knows the child whos

8、e parents have gone to Beijing.她知道这个小孩，他的父母已经去了北京。The man with whom my father talked just now is our headmaster.The man who/whom/that my father talked with just now is our headmaster.刚刚与我爸爸交谈的男人是我们的校长。2领先行词是物，指物的关系代词有which、whoseof which、that。如：I like the movie which/that was directed by Feng Xiaogan

9、g.我喜欢那部冯小刚导演的电影。I live in the room whose windows are very big.I live in the room，the windows of which are very big.我住在这间房，它的窗户非常大。注意：指物时，以下情况只能用that，不宜用which。先行词为不定代词，如all，much，anything，everything，nothing，something，none，the one等。如：We are willing to do anything that is good to us.我们愿意做一切有益于我们的事。先行词是序

10、数词或被序数词修饰时。如：The first book that I read was an English novel.我读的第一本书是英文小说。先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时。如：This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen.这是我看过最冲动人心的电影。假如有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时先行词既有人又有物，定语从句的关系代词，只能用that。如：We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.我们对你们正

11、在议论的医生以及医院一无所知。假如先行词被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，few，little，no，all，one of，just修饰时。如：This is the only book that can be lent to you.这是唯一一本可以借给你的书。单项填空。A1.贵州背景特色题There are many people _ want to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall.Awho BwhoseCwhich DwhereA2.2019毕节中考模拟Which song do you like better，Lu

12、cy?I prefer the song Little Apple_ can attract many people.Awhich Bwho Cwhom Dwhere状语从句用作状语的句子叫状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是附属连词。状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句尾，根据其用处可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句，让步状语从句等。1时间状语从句：时间状语从句表示时间，常用连接词有：when当时，while当时，as当时，before在之前，after在之后，since自从，notuntil直到才, as soon as一就，once一旦就等。

13、如：I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework.直到完成了作业，我才去睡觉。注意：1时间状语从句中，从句要用一般如今时代替一般将来时。如：I will telephone you when he comes.他回来的时候我会打 给你。2when引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。如：He was working when I came in.我进来的时候，他正在工作。When she heard the news，she began to cry.听到消息的时候，她

14、开场哭了。3while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是“在期间。如：They rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时，他们冲了进来。4as引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后。可以译成“随着或“一边一边。如：John sings as he walks home.约翰边唱歌边走回家。5since引导时间状语从句，主句常用如今完成时，从句常用一般过去时。如：It has been six years since she left school.自从她分开学校，已经六年了。2地点状语从句：地点状语从句表示地点。其连接词有where哪里，wh

15、erever无论哪里等。如：Put it where you can find it.把它放在你可以找到的地方。3原因状语从句：原因状语从句表示原因或者理由。其连接词有：because因为，as因为，since既然等。如：I often eat carrots because they are good for my health.我经常吃胡萝卜，因为它们有益于我的安康。注意：1because表示因果关系，语气最强，常用来答复why提出的问题。如：I didn't tell them because they were too young.我没有告诉他们，因为他们太小了。2becaus

16、e和so不能同在一个句子里。如：Because the book was expensive，I didn't buy it.I 前不用so因为书贵，所以我没有买它。4结果状语从句：表示结果。其连接词有：sothat如此以致，so that结果，suchthat如此以致等。如：It's such a good chance that you can't miss it.这是一个好时机，你不能错过它。注意：假如名词前有many，much，few，little等词修饰，那么用so。如： She has so much homework to do that she can&

17、#39;t play with her classmates.她有如此多的作业要做，以致她不能和她的同学出去玩。5目的状语从句：表示目的。其连接词有：so以便，so that为了，in order that为了等，从句中多用情态动词can，will，may，should 等。如：He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.为了能赶上早班火车，他起得很早。6条件状语从句：条件状语从句表示条件。其连接词有：if假如，unless假如不；除非，as long as只要等。如：If it is fine tomorrow，we

18、 will go swimming.假如明天天气好，我们将去游泳。注意：1条件状语从句中，从句要用一般如今时代替一般将来时。如：If you work hard，you'll get good grades.假如你努力学习，你将会获得好成绩。2unless意思相当于ifnot。如：Unless it rains，we will play games.假如明天不下雨，我们将去玩游戏。7让步状语从句：常由though/although虽然，even if/though即使等引导。如：Though it's hard work，I enjoy it.尽管它是一份辛苦的工作，但我很喜欢

19、。单项填空。B1.2019安徽中考Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own，_ he is only four years old.Aif BthoughCfor DsinceC2.2019平塘二中模拟Mum，I don't know if Honghong _ to my party tomorrow.I think she will come if she _ free.Acome；is Bcomes；will beCwill come；is Dwill come；will be毕节中考题例及解析单项填空。 1.

20、2019毕节中考We will go for a picnic _ it is sunny tomorrow.Awhen BwhetherCif Dwhile【解析】考察语境理解及if引导的条件状语从句的用法。句意：假如明天是晴天， 我们就去野餐。when当的时候；whether是否；if假如；while当的时候。该句的主句是一般将来时，从句是一般如今时，if 引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现的原那么，结合句意，应选C。 2.2019毕节中考Can you tell me _？On April 5th.Ahow you returned the booksBwhy you bought so

21、many booksCwhere you bought so many booksDwhen you returned the books【解析】考察语境理解及宾语从句的用法。句意：你能告诉我你什么时候归还书吗？4月5号。can you tell me后面跟一个宾语从句，结合答语On April 5th.可知是对时间提问，应选D。 3.2019毕节中考This is the best book _ I have ever read.I like it very much.Awhich BthatCwho Dwhen【解析】考察定语从句的关系代词。句意：这是我读过的最好的书，我非常喜欢它。先行词

22、为book，表示物，故关系代词用that或which，先行词前有形容词最高级best修饰，只能用that，应选B。 4.2019毕节中考Excuse me，would you please show me _？Awhere is Bijie Bwhere Bijie isCis where Bijie DBijie is where【解析】考察宾语从句的语序。句意：打搅一下，你能告诉我毕节在哪里吗？would you please show me后面跟一个宾语从句，宾语从句中应该用陈述语序，即疑问词主语谓语，应选B。考 点 抢 测宾语从句单项填空。D1.2019襄阳中考Could you tell me _？Sure.I'll come back in three days.Awhen will you come backBhow long have you stayed thereCwhy you went thereDhow soon you will come backC2.2019天津中考Please tell me _At ten o'clock.Awhere you have your English lessonBwhere do you have your English lessonCwhat time you ha