第一组2阅读理解+1完形填空

1、第四局部高考题型组令练第一组2阅读理解+1完形填空限时：30分钟I.阅读理解A2021河北衡中质检Strangely,scientistsstillhaven'figuredoutwhysleepissoimportantforoursurvival.Buttheydoknowthatnotgettingenoughsleepprejudicesourhealth.Now,astudyofNorthwesternUniversityprovesthathavingalightonwhilesleepingcanraiseyourriskofdiabetes!尿病.Forthestudy

2、,researchersrecruited20healthyadultvolunteersages18to40Thevolunteersspenttwonightsandthreedaysatthelab:Thefirstnightheysleptintotaldarkness;thesecondnighthalfofthemsleptinthedarkagainwhiletheotherhalfsleptwithabrightoverheadlighton.Whilethevolunteersslept,theresearcherstrackedthevolunteersVitalsigns

3、,brainwaveactivity,andtookhourlybloodsamples.Inthemorning,theyconductedglucosetolerance葡萄糖而寸量testsonthevolunteers.Remarkably,justsleepingunderabrightlightincreasedinsulin映岛素resistanceaphenomenonthatinsulincan'playitsnormalrole.Wheninsulincan'doitsjobwell,thebodystrugglestoprocesssugar,whichi

4、soneofthereasonsforgettingdiabetes.“Ourfindingsshowthatasinglenightoflightexposureduringsleepgreatlyimpactsmeasuresofinsulinresistance"saidleadauthorIvyCheungMason.“Previousresearchhaslinkedpoorsleeptoahigherriskofdepressionandbreastcancer.Nowourfindingsadddiseasessuchasdiabetestothelist.Sleepd

5、isturbancesaffectmorethan25percentofthegeneralpopulationandupto50percentofolderadults.Improvingsleepinadultsrepresentsamuch-neededapproachtothepreventionandtreatmentoftype2diabetes.Althoughthisisprimaryresearch,itdoessupporttheideathatyoushouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaandspendingpartormostofthenig

6、htwiththelightsandtheTVon.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,作者讲述了在黑暗中睡觉对健康的重要性以及开着灯睡觉容易引起糖尿病的情况.1. Whatmayinsulinresistanceleadto?A. Theproblemofpoorsleep.B. Thelackofinsulininthebody.CTheriskofsufferingfromdiabetes.D. Thedecreaseofthebloodsugarlevelinthebody.答案C细节理解题.依据第三段中的justsleepingunderabrightlight.whichisoneoft

7、hereasonsforgettingdiabeteW知,身体出现抗胰岛素性时,胰岛素不能发挥正常功能,身体就会很难消耗糖分,这样就会增加患糖尿病的风险.应选C项.2. WhichofthefollowingcanweinferaccordingtoIvyCheungMason?AImprovingsleepcanpreventalldiabetes.B. Halfofthepopulationhavegotsleepproblems.C. Theelderlyattachmuchmoreimportancetoagoodsleep.D. Depressionanddiabetescanres

8、ultfrompoorsleep.答案D推理判断题.依据第四段中的Previousresearchhaslinked.diabetestothelist可知,糟糕的睡眠会导致人们患抑郁症和乳腺癌的风险增加,现在新的研究说明,睡眠不佳还会导致患糖尿病的风险增加,由此可知,抑郁症和糖尿病均可由睡眠问题导致.3. Whatdoestheauthordointhelastparagraph?A.Provehisidea.B. Offeratip.C. Introduceanothertopic.D. Givepracticalsolutions.答案B推理判断题.根据最后一段的内容Althoughth

9、isisprimaryresearch.andtheTVon可知,这项研究确实证实了这个观点：人们应该防止在沙发上入睡,防止入睡时让灯和电视开半夜,或是大半夜.因此作者在本段给读者提出了一项建议,应选B项.4. Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?AWhyshouldwesleepinthedark?B. Whatisthemaincauseofdiabetes?C. Whyissleepvitalforpeople'shealth?D.Howcanwegetridofdiabetes?答案A标题判断题.通读全文可知,作者主要讲述了睡眠环境

10、与健康的关系,即在有灯光的状态下睡觉容易患糖尿病,作者强调应在黑暗的环境下睡觉,应选A项.Bsresponsewa2021诸暨中学模拟WhenJocelynBellBurnellbeganherdoctoralstudiesinphysicsattheUniversityofCambridgein1965,shewasconvincedthattheyhadmadeamistakeofadmittingher.“I'motbrightenoughforthisplace,“shethought.Shewasoneofonlytwowomeninhergraduateprogram.Be

11、llBurnell'toworkashardasshepossiblycould.Hereffortsendeduppayingoff.TwoyearsaftershearrivedatCambridge,BellBurnelldiscoveredthefirstpulsar脉冲星agroundbreakingdiscoverythatin2021,halfacenturyafterherpioneeringwork,earnedherthe$3millionSpecialBreakthroughPrizeinFundamentalPhysicswhichwaspreviouslyaw

12、ardedtoStephenHawkingforexample.Thediscoverywasoneofthebiggestsurprisesinthehistoryofastronomy,transformingneutronstars中子星fromsciencefictionintorealityinamostdramaticway,“theBreakthroughPrizecommitteesaid."ItledtoseveralpowerfultestsofEinstein'stheoryofre,latovityanewunderstandingoftheorigi

13、noftheheavyelementsintheuniverse."ToBellBurnell'admirers,theprizeisrichlydeservedandsomewhatoverdu契该发生的.In1968,whenBellBurnellandherdoctoraladviserpublishedapaperdetailingthediscovery,itattractedinternationalattention.Themediadidn'tknowwhattodowithayoungfemalescientistwhohadmadeamajorbr

14、eakthrough.Then,Hewish,herdoctoraladviser,wasawardedthe1974NobelPrizeinPhysics“forhisdecisiveroleinthediscoveryofpueiagsoverlookedbytheNobelcommitteedidn'tsurpriseher.Itwasjusthowthingsworkedbackthen:professorsnotstudents,gotthecredit.Asforthe$3million,BellBurnelldoesn'tplanonkeepinganyofit.

15、Themoneywillgotocreatingscholarshipsforpeoplefrompoorbackgroundswhowanttostudyphysics.ThefundswillberunbytheU.K.'sInstituteofPhysics,andBellBurnellishopefulthathavingmorevariouskindsofpeopleenteringthefieldwillleadtoevenmorenewdiscoveries.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了女物理学家JocelynBellBurnell因发现第一颗脉冲星而获得根底

16、物理学领域大奖的事迹.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutBellBurnell'syearsatCambridge?A.Shealwaysstoodoutamongstudents.B. Sheworkedhardtowinascholarship.C. Shelackedconfidenceatthebeginning.D. Shewasvaluedbyteachersforhertalents.答案C推理判断题.根据第一段中的shewasconvincedthat.shethough何知,在BellBurnell初入剑桥大学时,她甚至觉得剑桥录取她是个错误,她认为自己不够聪

17、明,故可推知那时的她对自己是缺乏信心的.6. Whatdoesthethirdparagraphfocuson?A. Thestudyofhowtheuniversebegan.B. Theinfluenceofthediscoveryofpulsars.C. Therelationshipbetweenpulsarsandneutronstars.D. TheexperimentintestingEinstein'stheoryofrelativity.答案B段落大意题.根据第三段的内容可知,该段主要关注脉冲星发现的创新性、对相对论和宇宙中重元素来源的研究意义,即脉冲星发现的影响,应

18、选Bo7. WhydidBellBurnelldonateherprizemoney?A.Tofundphysicsresearch.8. Tohelpfemalephysicists.9. Topromoteapplicationsofphysics.10. Tosupportphysicslearners.答案D细节理解题.根据最后一段中的Themoneywillgoto.tostudyphysics可知,BellBurnell希望用这笔奖金帮助想要学习物理学的家境贫穷的学习者,应选DoH.完形填空Whenlifehandsyoulemonswell,don'tevenbother

19、.SixthraderJamariaCrumphasalreadysetanexample.Ittookthe11-year-oldoneyeartoperfecther1lemonaderecipealongwithsome2thathadmadeherbusinessLemonTopia,ahit.Andwhatisevenmore3isthat,withsomehelpfromhermom,JamariabuiltLemonTopiaherself.“She4foralemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit"saidhermom,J

20、asmineHall.WhenJamaria'spreviousschoolabakesaleitwastheperfectopportunity.Buttheschooltoldhershehadtoofferbakedfood6lemonade.SoJamariaaddedcookiesandcheesecake.Afterthebakesaleekept_7atschoolandcommunityevents.“Itcontinuedbywordofmouth8sheservedaChristmaspartyatthecityhall,“Hallsaid."Wemade

21、a(n)9attheparty."Andwiththatmdamariamustpayhermotherforridesand10thestand."She'akid,sosometimesshe'slikeIdon'twanttostandatLemonTqpaadIwanttogototheconcert."Hallsaid."IfIhaveto11forher,shewouldoffermemoneyhourly.MarketManagerAndyWeaversaidJamaria'sdrinksandsnacksa

22、reaspecial,cheerfulpresenceinthemarket.12,themarketspaceiscompetitivesoJamariahastothinkofwaystodrumupbusiness.Butshehasshown13asshedevelopedlemonadesofnewflavors味道.“I'nvery14ofherforstickingwithitbecausethatwasmyworryshedoesn'wantto15somuchinitbecauseshe'ske'I'nfinishedwithit.&#

23、39;ButshehasnJ"tsaidHall.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文,十一岁的JamariaCrump凭借自己的兴趣和坚持,逐渐打响了自己的柠檬水品牌.1 .AplexB.expensiveC.uniqueD.familiar答案C根据下文的“drinksandsnacksareaspecialcheerfulpresenceinthemarket可知,Jamaria的产品比拟独特,故此处表示她花了一年的时间来完善自己独特的配方.2 .A.piesB.dessertsC.candiesD.cakes答案B根据下文的Jamariaaddedcookiesandcheesecake

24、知,Jamaria推出的产品主要是柠檬水和蛋糕、饼干这类的甜点,应选Bo3 .A.amusingB.excitingC.confusingD.amazing答案D根据下文的JamariabuiltLemonTopiaherself'可知,更令人惊讶的是Jamaria自己建立了LemonTopia.4 .A.appliedB.lookedC.actedD.begged答案D根据上下文可知,此处表示Jamaria的母亲过了一两年才容许孩子摆摊卖柠檬水的请求.applyfor“申请；lookfor“寻找"；actfor"代表；begfor“请求.stand在此处作名词,意

25、为“货摊,售货亭.5 .A.promotedB.announcedC.indicatedD.forecast答案BJamaria之前的学校宣布要举办一次烘焙义卖活动.promote“推广；indicate“说明；forecast“预测.6 .A.insteadofB.ratherthanC.inadditiontoD.bymeansof答案C根据下文的SoJamariaaddedcookiesandcheesecake知,校方要求必须要卖一些烘焙食物,可以搭售柠檬水.7 .A.sellingB.wanderingC.exhibitingD.advertising答案A根据语境可知,在烘焙义卖活动后,她继续在学校和社区活动中售卖自己的柠檬水和甜点.8 .A.whenB.untilC.asD.after答案B根据语境可知,此处表示她一直以口头传播的方式来售卖产品,直到她给市政厅举办的一个圣诞聚会供给食品.9 .A.differenceB.ord