现在完成时讲解与练习答案

1、.u一，、.一、时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式Ihavenot(havent)studied.HaveIstudiedYouhavenot(havent)studiedHaveyoustudied?Hehasnot(hasnt)studiedHashestudied否定疑问式简单回答(肯定/否定HaveInot(HaventI)studied

2、?Yes,youhave.No,youhav(Haveyounot(Haventyou)studied?Yes,Ihave.No,IhavenHashenot(Hasnthe)studied?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn(2)用法：1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I，msurewe，vemetbefore肯定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她至U了。2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recen

3、tly,already,just,lately,for,sinceyet等。如：Ihaventheardfromherthesedayf些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaventseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.注意：a)since和for的区另1Jsince后接时间点，如1993,lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示长达多久;如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exerci

4、se:用since和for填空1. JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.2. JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.3. HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.4. Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7oclock.5. Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.6. Thebusislate.Theyvebeenwaiting20minutes.7. Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8. Mi

5、kehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.1.since2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.for8.since2 ）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.xTheyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefo

6、r2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minutes3 ）have（has）been和have（has）gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地要用have（has）been表示已经去某地要用have（has）gone。试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）4 ）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语

7、连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaventreadityet还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红直是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上

8、看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan他们尚未去过延安。Ihaventseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriven

9、eatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttau

10、ghtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1. Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.2. he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3. Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4. WheresLiMing?He(go)totheteachersoffice.5. I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.6. SofarI(make)

11、quiteafewfriendshere.7. HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8. Ijust(finish)myhomework.9. He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10. you(find)yoursciencebookyet?11. Ifit(be)finetomorrow,Illgowithyou.12. Thestudents(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13. Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.14. Mymother(come)toseemene

12、xtSunday.15. Ivelostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?I. have,seen,saw2.Has,finished3.has,come4.hasgone5.haveworked,moved6.havemade7.have,stayed8.have,finished9.goes10.have,found11.is12.werereading13.isclimbing14.iscoming15.Have,seenII. Choosethebestanswer.1. Howlonghaveyouhere?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been2. M

13、ygrandpadied.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.3. JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4. ItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that5. -WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?-Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet6. -Whatanicedress!

14、Howlongyouit?-Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7. -DoyouknowLydiaverywell?-Yes,SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned8. TheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live9. -Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?-Sorry.H

15、etheBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto10. -youevertotheUS?-Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1 .IhavebeentoMacaubefore.（改为否定句）IbeentoMacaubefore.2 .Hehasntcometoschobecausehewasill.（就划线部分提问）hecometoschool?3 .Iboughanewbikejustnow.（用just改写）Ij

16、ustanewbike.4 .WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改为同义句）WeEnglishthreeyears5 .Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）6 .Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（对划线部分提问）havetheybeenhere?7 .Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（动词填空）8 .MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句转换）MissGaohasanhourago.Askthequestions1） Ihavebeentherefortwodays

17、.you?2） Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3） Helefthereyesterday.he?4） Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook?Keys:1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buyUse“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since“tofillintheblanks.1. Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim

18、.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.4.Haveyouseenthefilm?No,Ihaveseenit.5.“Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.Keys:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2 .我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3 .我以前从来没去过那个农场。4 .他已经吃过午饭5 .你已经看过这部电影了吗？6 .我哥哥还没回来。7

19、.这本字典我已买了三年了。8 .他离开中国三年了。9 .我认识他们五年了。10 .他们已去了美国五年了。11 .自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12 .我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13 .自从1999年以来他们就认识。14 .我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空1._twoyears2.twoyearsago3.lastmonth4.19995.yesterday6.4oclock74hours8._anhourago9._wewerechildren10.lunchtime11.shelefthere12. HehaslivedinNanjingtheyearbeforel

20、ast.13. Iveknownhimwewerechildren.14. OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.15. Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.16. Itsabouttenyearssheleftthecity.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetospfbeinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1) HegottoBeijingfiv

21、eminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2) ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3) Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4) Theycameherelastweek.Theyheresince. cometo/gobackto/returntofbebacktogooutfbeout1) Hecameouttwoyearsago.Hefor.2) WereturntoBeijingyesterday.WetoBeijingsince. becomefbe1) Ibecameateacherin2000.Iateacherfor

22、.2) Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyfor. closefbeclosedopenfbeopen1) Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshopfor.2) Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorforsixhours. getup-beup;die-bedead;leavesp.fbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleepfbeasleep;finish/endfbeover；marryfbemarried;1) Igotuptwohoursago.I

23、since.2) HeleftShanghaijustnow.HeShanghaiforfiveminutes.3) Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpafor.4) Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.5) Igottosleeptwohoursago.Isince.6) Theymarriedin1990.Theysince. start/begintodosth.fdosth.；beginfbeon1) Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Iatthisschoolsince.2)

24、Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilmfor. borrowfkeep;losefnothave;buyfhave;putonfwearcatch/getacoldfhaveacold;gettoknowfknow1) Theyborroweditlastweek.Theyitsince.2) Iboughtapentwohoursago.Iapenfor.3) Igottoknowhimlastyear.Ihimsince.4) Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.Imyglassesfor.have/hasgonetofhavebeenin

25、HehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmyfbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierfbeamemberoftheleague/thePartyfbeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.Heafortwoyears.Heathefortwoyears.Hetheleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrotherafor.

26、Mybrotherinfortwoyears.四、划线提问1) Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2) Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3) Helefthereyesterday.he?4) Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:WhereLiFei?B:HetoHainanIsland.A:Howlonghethere?B:Hethereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyou

27、know?B:Imafraidhewontcomebackrecently.A: CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B: Sorry,Ineverthere.A: HowmanytimesLiFeitothatplace?B: Hethereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1) WhereisJack?Hehiscountry.2) Davidtheparkjustnow.3) JohnEnglandsincehecameback.4) Howlongtheythisvillage?5)

28、TheSmithsBeijingforyears.6)youeverAmerica?-Yes,Itheremanytimes.7) Ithisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8) WhereisJim?Hethefarm.9) Whenhe?Heanhourago.10) Wouldyouliketotothezoowithme?-Yes,butItherebefore.11) Whereyounow?-Itothezoo.12) Heoftenswimming.13)youtherelastyear?14)theyoftenskatinginwinter?七用never,e

29、ver,already,just,yet,for,since填空1. Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.4. “Haveyouseenthefilm?No,Ihaveseenit.”5. “Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”八.用适当的时态填空：1.Shes(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem(be)inHongkongfortenda

30、ys.3.Bothofthem(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4. Halfanhour(pass)sincethetrain(leave).5. Mary(lose)herpen.you(see)ithereandthere?6. you(find)yourwatchyet?7. -Areyouthirsty?-NoIjust(have)someorange.8. Wealready(return)thebook.9. they(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10. I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11

31、. Myfather(read)thenoveltwice.12. I(buy)abookjustnow.13. I(lost)mywatchyesterday.14. Myfather(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.现在完成时态练习题答案一.翻译下列句子：1. Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2. Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3. Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4. Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5. Haveyouse

32、enthemovieyet?6. Mybrotherhasncome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasnreturnedyet.7. Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8. HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9. Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10. TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.11. HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12. Mysisterhasbeenacoll

33、egestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13. Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14. Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16. since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语1.

34、hasbeenin,fiveminutes2. havebeenin,20083. havebeenat,twodays4. havebeen,lastweek 1.havebeenout,twoyears2. havebeenback,yesterday 1.havebeen,nineyears2. hasbeen,twoyears 1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen 1.havebeenup,twohoursago2. hasbeenawayfrom3. hasbeendead,sevenyears4. hasbeenover5. havebeenasleep,twohoursago6. havebeenmar