2022年四川专升本综合英语阅读写作翻译训练题一

1、专业英语专业知识真题预测(考试时间120分钟，满分150）答题阐明：(1)选择题部分旳答案请再答题卡上相应旳子母中间划横线，如【A】 (2)主观题旳答案写在答题纸上相应旳位置。注意事项：答案写在试卷上一律不给分。I. Writing (100 points)Section A Letter-writing (30 points)Write on ANSER SHEET a thank-you otter of about 60-80 words based on the following situation: You went to Beijing for a tour this Sprin

2、g Festival. One of your friends helped you a lot during the trip. Write a thank-you letter to him. You DON'T need to write the heading and inside address.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.Section B Composition (70 points) It is said that divorce rate keeps

3、going up now, Some people believe divorce is the only means to solve the family crisis. What is your opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:Marriage and DivorceYou are supposed to write in three parts.In the first part, state your point of view.In the s

4、econd part, give one or two reasons to support your point of view.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.II. Translation (50 points)Section C Translate these sentences into English (20 points, 4 f

5、or each)1， 我们想心平气和，通情达理地通过直接谈判解决问题。2， 对不同文化价值观少理解或不理解时，就会产生跨文化交际旳困难。3， 不要把钱看得太重，否则你有也许做出有失身份旳事。4， 她们听到那起野蛮旳绑架消息后感到毛骨悚然。5， 如果我们能正视，承受，并接受失败旳话，失败有助于个人旳成长，还增进人际关系。Section D Translate these sentences into Chinese (30 poin,6foreach)1. Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patients-to speed recovery or

6、 to conceal the approach of death?2. The relationship of the individual to his culture is analogous to an actor and his director. The actor puts his own acting but is nevertheless influenced by the director.3. Our flesh may perish, our hands will wither, but that which they create in beauty and good

7、ness and truth lives on for all time to come.4. In the face of the tensions and pressures we all face every single day, a sense of humor can be a saving grace. The ability to laugh is crucial to our fullest development, to our "mental health".5. Failure is a better teacher than success sin

8、ce success always encourages repetition of old behavior whereas failure can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction.第二部分 阅读I. Vocabulary (10 points, I for each)Directions: Read each of the following sentences carefully, and choose A, B, C, or D to complete the sentences.I. It isto believe that

9、the number 8 brings fortune or good luck.A. absurdB. adhereC. accumulationD. accord2. Although most dreams apparently happen _, dream activity may be provoked by external influences.A. spontaneouslyB. simultaneouslyC. homogeneouslyD. instantaneously3. Bycomputation, he estimated that the repairs on

10、the house would cost him a thousand dollars.A. coarseB. rudeC. crudeD. rough4. Your story about the frog turning into a prince is nonsense.A. sheerB. shearC. shieldD. sheet5. You could paint the walls and ceilings the same color so they together.A. bleachB. blushC. blendD. blot6. Reading the mind on

11、ly with material of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.A. rectifiesB. prolongsC. minimizesD. furnishes7. Mr. Berry, the author of the play, said that the resemblance of the hero to an actual person was a pureA. comedyB. combatC. coincidenceD. conceit8. Though her parents her musi

12、cal ability, Jerry' s piano playing is really terrible.A. pour scorn onB. heap praise uponC. give vent toD. cast light upon9. The president argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy's flaws.A. underliningB. vulnerableC. vulgarD. underlying10. This kind of material can heat

13、 and moisture.A. deleteB. compelC. constrainD. repel. Reading Comprehension (120 point, 3for each)Directions: In this section there are six passages followed by questions or unfinished statement, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C or D Choose the one that you think is the correct answer

14、.Passage 1 The universities from which our own are descended were founded in the Middle Ages. They were established either by corporations of students wanting to learn, as in Italy, or by teachers wanting to teach as in France. Corporations that had special or customary privileges for the purpose of

15、 carrying out the intentions of the incorporators were common in those days. The university corporations of the Middle Ages at the height of their power were not responsible to anybody, in the sense that they could not be brought to book by any authority. They claimed, and made good their claim, com

16、plete independence of all secular and religious control The American university was, however, at first a corporation formed by a religious denomination or by the state for the purposes of the denomination or the state.The American university in the seventeenth century was much closer to the American

17、 university today than to the medieval university. The Puritan communities needed ministers and professional men and so established universities to provide them. Later, religious groups built universities in order to extend their own influence. For example, the University of Chicago was founded by d

18、evout Baptists to combat the rising tide of Methodism in the Middle West. The president and trustees of the university were required to have the proper religious affiliations in order to keep the university on the right path. Fortunately, the combination of John D. Rockefeller, William Rainey Harper

19、, and the enlightened wing of the Baptist Church preserved the university from too narrow an interpretation of its purpose.11. what does the passage mainly discussed?A. The importance of the universities.B. The universities of the Middle Ages.C. Different purposes of founding universities.D. America

20、ns universities of the eighteenth century.12. in the passage, the phrase "brought to book" (Para. 1) most probably meansA. asked to teach certain books.B. wanted to order certain books.C. required to explain certain books. D. required to explain their actions.13. Which of the following bes

21、t describes the basic motive for founding a university in a Puritan community?A. To propagandize the religious ideas of the Puritans.B. To make students study their religion.C. To convert more people.D. To provide necessary personnel for the Puritan communities.14. It is implied that the University

22、of ChicagoA. underwent a period of liberalizationB. succeeded in fighting the influence of MethodistsC. made true of the "founders" purposeD. was finally taken over by John D. Rockefeller15. All of the following statements are true in the passage EXCEPTA. John D. Rockefeller helped to set

23、up the University of Chicago.B. The University corporations of the Middle Ages were independentC. The American university today was similar to the university of the seventeenth centuryD. The French universities were founded by groups of professors.Passage 2 Throughout history man has changed his phy

24、sical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power. Man has also modified the fa

25、ce of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However, man' s changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet. Each day thousands

26、 of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is inc

27、reasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae (水藻), fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth o

28、f technology in order to survive on earth.16. Man has changed his physical environment with a view toA. altering the physical features of the earthB. bettering his way of lifeC. improving his surroundingsD. modifying the face of the planet17. According to the passage, pollution of the air and water

29、is caused by A. thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB. the changes of the environment that technology has brought to manC. the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD. industrial wastes discharged into rivers18. The ecological balance of the sea is lost wh

30、enA. people consume more fish than they used toB. the ecological balance of the river is lostC. large numbers of algae, fish and birds are killedD. the production of marine petroleum is increased19. Who would most probably disagree with conservationists? A. Industrialists.B. Ecologists.C. Businessme

31、n.D. Environmentalists 20. The purpose of the writer isA. to reduce modern technologyB. to improve man' s way of lifeC. to warn people not to change the natural environmentD. to call attention to the protection of the natural environmentPassage 3 People appear to be born to compute. The numerica

32、l skills of children develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy-one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the fiv

33、e chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table, and a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were seclu

34、ded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment. Of course, the truth is not so simple this century. The work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of

35、 daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped-or, as the case might be, bumped into-concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall

36、thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils, on a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effo

37、rt. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers-the idea of a oneness, twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table-is itself far more innate.21. What does the passage main

38、ly discuss?A. trends in teaching mathematics to children.B. The use of mathematics in child psychology.C. The development of mathematical ability in children.D. The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn.22. It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simpl

39、e counting A. soon after they learn to talkB. by looking at the clockC. when they begin to be mathematically matureD. after they reach school grade in school23. According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile of red and blue pencils, they _A. counted the number of pencils of

40、 each otherB. counted the total number of pencilsC. counted only the pencils of their favorite colorD. subtracted the number of red pencils from the number blue pencils.24. The word " itself " in last sentence refers toA. the totalB. the concept of abstract numberC. any class of objectsD.

41、setting a table25. The word "prerequisite" in paragraph two is closest in meaning toA. reasonB. theoryC. requirementD. techniquePassage 4 More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick note

42、s, Americans are marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the early 1970s, the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of

43、 divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society. What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three chil

44、dren. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife' s previous marriage, or the husband' s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent fr

45、om the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses (配偶). Thus, one can find the very type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with "full-time" children from the present

46、marriage and "part-time" children from former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, eve

47、n in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.26. By calling Americans marrying people the author means thatA. Americans are more traditional than EuropeansB. Americans expect more out of marriage than EuropeansC. there are more marrie

48、d couples in U.S.A than in EuropeD. more of Americans, as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age27. Divorced AmericansA. will most likely remarryB. prefer the way they liveC. have lost faith in marriageD. are the vast majority of people in the society28. Which o

49、f the following can be presented as the picture of today's American families?A. A typical American family consists of only a husband and a wife,B. Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.C. Americans prefer to have more kids than before.D. There are no nuclear families

50、any more.29. "Part-time" children A. spend some of their time with their half-brothers and some of their time with their half-sistersB. spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriageC. are shared between the two former spousesD. cannot stay with "full-time" ch

51、ildren30. Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, A. the functions of marriage remain unchangedB. most Americans prefer a second marriageC. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriageD. All of the abovePassage 5 Students who score high in ach

52、ievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than those who score low. When degree aptitude for college work, as indicated by College Entrance Examination Board Tests, is held constant, engineering students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than the ap

53、titude test scores would indicate. We can define this need as the habitual desire to do useful work well. It is a noticeable influence characteristic of those who need little supervision. Their desire for accomplishment is a stronger motivation than any stimulation the supervisor can provide. Indivi

54、duals who function in terms of this drive do not try to deceive others in regard to a job that they fail to do well. Some employees have a strong drive for success in their work: others are satisfied when they make a living. Those who want to feel that they are successful have high aspiration for th

55、emselves. Thoughts concerning the achievement drive are often prominent in the evaluations made by the typical employment interviewer who interviews college seniors for executive training. He wants to find out whether the senior has a strong drive to get ahead or merely to hold a job. Research indic

56、ates that some who get ahead have an even stronger drive to avoid failure.31. It can be inferred from the passage that individuals with a strong drive to succeed A. accept responsibility for themselvesB. blame others if they failC. are motivated by stimulation a supervisorD. pretended they haven'

57、; t failed when they have32. Employees who are successful in their work are A. self-satisfiedB. high-mindedC. ambitiousD. self-important33. What quality do employment interviewers look for in college seniors for executive training?A. Ability to hold down a job.B. High achievement needs. C. Capacity to work hard. D. Constant aptitude for work.34. What motivates some seniors to succeed?A. They are afraid of failing.B. They like living well. C. They want to become executives.D. They wish to do research work.35. Which is the main subject of this passage?A. Students' grades in college.