专题—英语中的固定句式

1、课程信息年级初三学科英语版本上海牛津版内容标题寒假专题一编稿老师郑月【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：寒假专题一学习过程英语中的固定句式一 .It takes sb. some time (mon ey)to do sth.某人花费多少时间(金钱)做某事。例如：1. It ofte n takes me half an hour to watch TV every eve ning.每天晚上我常常用半小时看电视。2. It took me ten yua n to buy the book last week.上周我花了 10元买那本书。3. How long will it take them

2、 to finish the work?完成那项工作需要花费他们多少时间？使用该句式要注意的是：sb.如果代词表示用宾格；take随时态改变；句中的时间用段时间，对此提问用how long。例: It takes us more than two hours to do our homework every day.It took us more tha n two hours to do our homework yesterday.It will take us more than two hours to do our homework tomorrow.How long did it

3、take you to do your homework yesterday?二. It ' s time to do st该做某事了同义句为：It ' s time for sth. / doing sth.例: It ' s time toogto school. 该上学了。 (It ' s time for school.)It ' s time to get u该起床了。 (It ' s time for getting up.)此句可以扩展为：It ' s time for sb. to do sth.是某人做某事的时间了。fo

4、r sb. to do sth.是动词不定式的复合结构。例：It ' s time for me to work.到我工作的时间了。It ' s time for you to go to school.到你们上学的时间了。三. 主语+be(not)+adj. +enough to do sth.(某人、某物)足够(不能)做某事。例：The boy is old eno ugh to go to school.这个孩子到了上学年龄。I ' m tall eno ugh to reach the top of the tree.我够高能够到树顶。此句是肯定句时，可以用主+

5、be +so+ adj.+ that的句型(即sothat 表示的结果状语从 句来替换。The boy is so old that he can go to school.I ' m so tall that I can reach the top of the tree.此句是否认句时，既可以用sothat 引导的结果状语从句来替换，还可以用tooto句式替换。例：He is not old enough to go to work.他太小不能去上班。He is so young that he can't go to work.He is too young to go

6、to work. 再如：The box is not light enough for me to carry.这个箱子太重我搬不动。The box is too heavy for me to carry.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.四. sb. +be ready + to do sth. 某人乐意做某事 He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。I ' m always ready to make new friends. 我总是乐于结交新朋友。五. It 's

7、+adj. + for / of sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事例：It ' s dangerous for children to play football in the street. 对孩子来说在街上踢足球是很危险的。It ' s good for us to take more exercise.对我们来说多运动是有益的。It ' s very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。It ' s very kind oyofu to help me.你真好 ，肯帮我。该句式中，引导动词不定式的逻辑主语的介词用fo

8、r还是of,主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述动词不定式的行为者的性格、品质的。如： kind， good， nice， wrong， right， clever, careless, foolish等，应用of;如果形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对动词不定式的行为者的品质进行评价的 ，就用 for. 常见这类形容词有 difficult， easy， hard， important， dangerous 等。It's wrong of you to do it.你做这件事是错的。It ' s hard for you to be a lawyer.对你来说做律师很困难。六.

9、 主 +would like /love to do sth.喜欢想做某事I'd like to go there with you.我很想和你一起去那。I'd love I like to help you study English.我很愿意帮你学英语。此句式还可以扩展为：would like / love sb. to do sth.“喜欢 /想让某人做某事。 I ' d like you to stay here. 我想让你留在这。I ' d like them to help me. 我想让他们帮助我。七. had better do sth.最好做

10、It 's very cold outside, you'd better put on your coat.外面很冷，你最好穿上大衣。We' d better go right now.我们最好马上去。had better do 的否认式为had better not do.在 better 后加 not 即可例: You'd better not speak when your mouth is full of food.满嘴食物时你最好别讲话。八. Why don ' t you动词原形+? Why not+动词原形?你为什么不?This book

11、 is a bit hard, why not read something easier?这本书有点难，为什么不读些容易的？It ' s warm here, why dotnyou ta'ke off your coat? 这很暖和，你为什么不脱掉外衣？There is a seat, why not sit down?还有座位，怎么不坐下？九. Would / Will / Could you please + 动词原形 + ？请你好吗？用来请求对方为自己做某件事Would you please bring some water with you?请你带点水来好吗？Wil

12、l you please help her with her maths?请你帮她学数学好吗？十. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿也不愿I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。She prefers to be poor rather than get money in such a way. 她宁愿受穷也不愿以这种方式挣钱。十一 . It ' s one ' s turn to do sth.该轮到谁做某事了。one'用形容词性物主代词或名词所

13、有格来替换。例：It ' s my turn to be on duty.该轮到我值日了。It ' s Li Ping ' s turn to clean the blackboard.该轮到李平擦黑板了。It ' s our turn to do the cleaning. 该轮到我们做大扫除了。It ' s Danny ' s turn to give a talk. 该轮到Danny做报告了。十二.主语+be+形容词+to do sth.做某事如何。例:I ' m sorry to hear that听到这事我很难过。I '

14、 m glad to see you again.再次见到你我很快乐。【模拟试题】答题时间：40分钟、综合阅读Dear Kno wledgeable,My best friend, Mei, has a problem. There is a really importa nt En glish speech con test forour whole city next mon th. Our classmates want her to (A)the class in the schoolcon test. (B)Everyone is sure she will win. It '

15、; s probabtyje. Mei is very clever, and can speak En glish really well. I n fact, (C) she always comes top in the school exams. The problem is that she ' s very shy. (D她不想让她的朋友失望，(E)but s he' s terrified of speaking in front of otherpeople. She is my friend, so she can tell me that she'

16、s shy. But she can ' t tell every one that. I dthink they would believe her. I can' t think of any good advice tobWowaiways comeup with g ood solutions to people' s pWobtemto you think I should tell Mei? What do you think I should tell the rest of the students?1. 在(A)处填入一个适当的词语： 2. 将画线局部

17、(B)改写成： Every one she will wi n.3. 将画线局部(C)译成汉语： 4. 将画线局部(D)译成英语：5. 将画线局部(E)改写成： but she ' s speak in front of otherpeople.6. 将画线局部(F)译成汉语：BIf you an swered _c_ for most questi ons, the n you are probably pretty con fide nt. (A)SociaJsituations don ' t bother you in the sligYestknow what you

18、 want, and you know how to get it. (B)Sometimes you might annoy people because you ' re so con fide nt.If you an swered _a_ for most questi ons, you are outgo ing and fairly con fide nt. You have plenty of friends, and (C)you enjoy the company of other people. People come to you when they want a

19、dvice. Your friends would probably say that (D) 你容易相处 .If most of your answers were _b_ , you are probably a shy person. (E)You like talking to one or two people rather tha n to a group. You would also rather stay at home and read a book (F)go to a party. You have a small circle of very good friends

20、. Your friends would probably say (G)你是一位好的听众 .1. 将画线局部A改写成：Social situations don' t bother you.2. 将画线局部B改写成：you might annoy people3. 将画线局部C译成汉语： 4. 将画线局部D译成英语：5. 将画线局部E译成汉语：6. 在F处填入一个适当的词语： 7. 将画线局部G译成英语： 二、选词填空Asometime likely come remember way dot once hun dred circli ng at last have(1) there

21、 was no zero .To write the nu mber sixty-three people wrote 63.To write six (2) and three, people wrote 6 3.The space was there to mean not any tens .(3) people did not remember the space .It was hard to see and to read.Later people used a (4) to hold the space .Six hun dred and three looked (5) thi

22、s 6 3.But thedot was hard to see .So people put a (6) around it like this 6 O 3.The n people could see the dot. They remembered the space.(7) only the circle around the dot was used .It was like a zero. This is one story of how the zero (8) to be used.Now zero (9) many importa nt uses. Zero tells ho

23、w many .Ca n you tell some other (10) zero isused?Bdecide about many much might few little serious what schoolwork spe nd fiftee n-year-oldMany tee nagers have hobbies. But sometimes hobbies can get in the way of 1, pare nts2worry about their child' s success at school. Teenagers often thinklthb

24、e allowed topractice their hobbies as 3as they want. Do you agree?Liu Yu, a 4stude nt from Shandon g, is a running star. He wan ted to be a professi onalathlete. However, his parents won' t allow him to train as much as he would like to. But Liu Ysaid “ I think I should be allowed to make 5for m

25、yself, my pare nts have always taught methe importanee of working hard and not just to do 6 I enjoy. But I'm about running.Being a professi onal runner is the only thing I have ever to do. But their pare nts said,understand that 8people can become professional athletes. It' s a difficult dre

26、am to achieve. Wthink he n eeds to 9time on his home work.But Liu Yu disagrees."I know my ParerHQme, but they are always talk ing aboutwhat will happen if I don' t succeed. But I will succeed! I think I should be allowed to make thisdecisi on for myself. Only the n will I have a cha nee of

27、achievi ng my dream.三、完形填空The 1day,my friends and I talked about the 2that we have in school.At our school, we 3 to wear uniforms every day. The problem is that all myclassmates think the uni forms are ugly. We think young people should look smart and so we would like to wear our own clothes. Our te

28、achers believe that if we did that, we would concen trate more 4our clothes tha n our studies. We disagree. We would feel more comfortable andthat is good 5study ing .if we can 'do that, we should be 6to desig nour own uni forms. That would be a good way to keep 7teachers and stude nts happy.It&

29、#39;s also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening. I know we get noisy sometimes, but we learn a lot8each other. We alsothink that vacati ons should be Ionger.9 prese nt they 're too short. Lon ger vacati onswould give us time to do things like volunteering. Last summer I had an 10 tovolun teer at the local hospital, but I c